Depth of Field Effects for Interactive Direct Volume Rendering

In this paper, a method for interactive direct volume rendering is proposed for computing depth of field effects, which previously were shown to aid observers in depth and size perception of synthetically generated images. The presented technique extends those benefits to volume rendering visualizations of 3D scalar fields from CT/MRI scanners or numerical simulations. It is based on incremental filtering and as such does not depend on any pre‐computation, thus allowing interactive explorations of volumetric data sets via on‐the‐fly editing of the shading model parameters or (multi‐dimensional) transfer functions.     

A Superconducting Magnet UCN Trap for Precise Neutron Lifetime Measurements

Finite-element methods along with Monte Carlo simulations were used to design a magnetic storage device for ultracold neutrons (UCN) to measure their lifetime. A setup was determined which should make it possible to confine UCN with negligible losses and detect the protons emerging from β-decay with high efficiency: stacked superconducting solenoids create the magnetic storage field, an electrostatic extraction field inside the storage volume assures high proton collection efficiency. Alongside with the optimization of the magnetic and electrostatic design, the properties of the trap were investigated through extensive Monte Carlo simulation.     

Insights into the selective sensing mechanism of a luminescent Cd(II)-based MOF chemosensor toward NACs: roles of the host–guest interactions and PET processes

Journal of Materials Science - The structural and photophysical properties of the [Cd2(H2L)2(H2O)5].5H2O (where H4L is the ligand 5,5'-((thiophene-2,5-dicarbonyl)bis(azanediyl))diisophthalic...     

DEM modelling for flow of cohesive lignocellulosic biomass powders: Model calibration using bulk tests

Biomass feeding problems greatly hinder the industrialization of entrained-flow gasification systems for production of 2nd generation biofuels. Appropriate DEM modelling could allow engineers to design solutions that overcome these flow problems. This work shows the application of a DEM calibration framework to produce a realistic, calibrated and efficient material model for lignocellulosic biomass. A coarse (500–710?µm) and a fine (200–315?µm) sieving cut of milled poplar were used in this study. The elongated shape and the cohesive behavior were respectively simulated using a coarse-grained multisphere approach and a cohesive SJKR contact model. Measurements of three physical responses (angle-of-repose, bulk density, a retainment ratio) allowed calibration of the sliding (µ_s) and rolling friction (µ_r) coefficients and the cohesion energy density (CED). Using a statistical analysis, the most influential calibration parameters for each bulk response were identified. A Non-Dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm was used to solve the calibration multi-objective optimization problem. Several sets of optimal solutions reproduced accurately the three physical responses and the experimental shear responses were closely reproduced by simulations for the population of coarse particles. The DEM calibration framework studied here aims to produce material models useful for assessing flow behavior and equipment interaction for biomass particles.     

Shallow overturning circulation of the Western Indian Ocean

The Indian Ocean differs from the other two oceans in not possessing an eastern equatorial upwelling regime. Instead, the upwelling occurs dominantly in the northwestern Arabian Sea and, to a lesser degree, around the Indian subcontinent. Subduction, on the other hand, occurs dominantly in the Southern Hemisphere. The result is a shallow Cross-Equatorial Cell connecting both regimes. The northward flow at thermocline levels occurs as part of the Somali Current and the southward upper-layer return flow is carried by the Ekman transports that are directed southward in both hemispheres. The main forcing is by the Southwest Monsoon that overwhelms the effects of the Northeast Monsoon and is the cause for the annual mean Northern Hemisphere upwelling and southward Ekman transports. In the Southern Hemisphere, the annual mean upwelling at the northern rim of the Southeast Trades causes a zonally extended open-ocean upwelling regime that is apparent in isopycnal doming in the 3-12 degrees S band; it drives a shallow Subtropical Cell.     

Interaction of an anionic surfactant with hydrous ferric oxide sol

The effect of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) on positively charged hydrous ferric oxide sols (FOS) was studied by following turbidity and electrophoretic mobility as a function of increasing concentration of added SDS and by determining the adsorption isotherm. Adsorption of SDS reduced the electric charge of FOS and caused flocculation. Complete precipitation occurred near zero charge. Further increase in SDS concentration resulted in smaller additional adsorption, charge reversal, and redispersion of FOS. The effect of increasing particle size, resulting from aging or dialysis, on SDS adsorption is discussed qualitatively. Presented at the Second Middle Atlantic Regional Meeting, American Chemical Society, New York, N.Y., February 1967.     

Behavior of blood pressure during pregnancy

In 948 women of the blood-pressure behaviour was registered weekly, from the 12. up to the 42. week of normal pregnancy. The normal range is stated with the single and double dissemination of the blood-pressure values; depending from the number of weeks being pregnant, and dessignation and meening to the pathological behaviour are represented. Desides, the frequency of various course-types of the blood-pressure during pregnancy is given, their possible meaning being discussed. For this purpose, 1337 single courses of the blood-pressure behaviour within pregnancy were explored.     

An improved linker for single-chain Fv with reduced aggregation and enhanced proteolytic stability

The effects of linker length on binding affinity and degreeof aggregation have been examined in the antifluorescein 4-4-20and anticarcinoma CC49 single-chain Fvs. Longer linkers in theantifluorescein sFvs have higher affinities for fluoresceinand aggregate less. A proteolytically susceptible site betweenLys8 and Ser9, in the previously reported 212 linker has beenidentified. A new linker sequence, 218 (GSTSGSGKPGSGEGSTKG)was designed in which a praline was placed at the C-terminalside of the proteolytic clip site in the 212 linker. The CC49sFv containing the 218 linker showed reduced aggregation andwas found to be more stable to proteolysis in vitro, when comparedto the CC49/212 sFv. The CC49 sFv with the longer 218 linkerhad higher affinity than CC49/212 sFv. An aggregated CC49/212sFv sample had higher affinity than CC49/218 sFv. The CC49/218and CC49/212 sFvs had similar blood clearances in mice, whilethe aggregated CC49/212 sFv remained in circulation significantlylonger. In mice bearing LS-174T human colon carcinoma xenografts,the CC49/218 sFv showed higher tumor uptake than the CC49/212sFv and lower tumor uptake than the aggregated CC49/212 sFv.The higher tumor uptake of the CC49/218 is most likely a resultof its higher resistance to proteolysis. The higher affinityand higher tumor uptake of the aggregated CC49/212 sFv are mostlikely due to the repetitive nature of the TAG-72 antigen andthe higher avidity of multivalent aggregates. When the sFvswere radiolabeled with a lutetium-chelate the CC49/218 sFv showeda lower accumulation in the liver and spleen compared to theaggregated CC49/212 sFv.     

New hybrid genetic algorithms for the frequency assignment problem

This paper presents a new hybrid genetic algorithm used to solve a frequency assignment problem. The hybrid genetic algorithm presented uses two original mutation and two crossover operators. Theses operators use specialized information to enhance the quality of the solutions. The results obtained by our algorithm are better than the best known results obtained by other methods like tabu search and hybrid genetic algorithm. Our results are validated in the field of radio broadcasting and compared to the best existing solutions in this domain