引进设备档案的收集和利用

介绍了企业引进设备整套档案的构成、阶段收集、管理和利用的基础工作以及这些工作之间的相互衔接,指出全面收集、妥善管理及合理利用设备档案,是充分发挥引进设备生产能力和提高生产效率的关键;提出了档案工作的价值观,指出利用引进设备档案对设备进行充分消化吸收,对提升我国装备制造业的技术水平是十分迫切和至关重要的。     

Influence of step complexity and presentation style on step performance of computerized emergency operating procedures

With the development of information technology, computerized emergency operating procedures (EOPs) are taking the place of paper-based ones. However, ergonomics issues of computerized EOPs have not been studied adequately since the industrial practice is quite limited yet. This study examined the influence of step complexity and presentation style of EOPs on step performance. A simulated computerized EOP system was developed in two presentation styles: Style A: one- and two-dimensional flowcharts combination; Style B: two-dimensional flowchart and success logic tree combination. Step complexity was quantified by a complexity measure model based on an entropy concept. Forty subjects participated in the experiment of EOP execution using the simulated system. The results of data analysis on the experiment data indicate that step complexity and presentation style could significantly influence step performance (both step error rate and operation time). Regression models were also developed. The regression analysis results imply that operation time of a step could be well predicted by step complexity while step error rate could only partly predicted by it. The result of a questionnaire investigation implies that step error rate was influenced not only by the operation task itself but also by other human factors. These findings may be useful for the design and assessment of computerized EOPs.     

Site-selective assembly of quantum dots on patterned self-assembled monolayers fabricated by laser direct-writing

A simple and efficient route for quantum dot (QDs) patterning using self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) as templates is described. By means of a laser direct-writing (LDW) technique, SAMs of octadecylphosphonic acid formed by adsorption on native oxide layer of titanium film were patterned through laser-induced ablation of the SAM molecules. This technique allows the creation of chemical-specific patterns accompanied by slight change in the topography. Using atomic force microscopy and friction force microscopy, the dependence of feature size and characteristics on the irradiation dose was demonstrated. Upon immersion of a substrate with patterned SAMs bearing thiol as the terminal group into a dispersion of QDs resulted in the assembly of QDs on the specific thiol-terminated areas. Patterns of QDs with different photoluminescent wavelength were generated. The LDW technique, which is convenient and flexible due to its path-directed and maskless fabrication process, provided a new powerful approach for patterning materials on surfaces for various applications.     

美白祛斑剂的复配研究及在化妆品中的应用

筛选出三种新型用于复配的美白祛斑剂,分别是传明酸、壬二酸衍生物、红景天提取物,探讨初选的三个美白剂质量含量分别为1％、2％、3％、4％、5％时的酪氨酸酶抑制率,确定了最佳的复配含量,通过稳定性评价和微生物检测实验,鉴定了复配产品是否符合国家化妆品生产管理规范。     

融合景观特征识别和城乡梯度分析的滨水生境网络构建方法——以江苏省昆山市为例

高度异质性是城市生态系统的重要特征,一方面影响城市生物多样性和景观地方性的形成,另一方面是导致生物多样性丧失的风险之一。从城乡梯度和景观地方性特征角度切入,探索如何在生境网络构建过程中响应城市空间异质性特征,实现生境及生物多样性分类保护提升。以江苏省昆山市为例,响应城乡梯度景观特征,提取获得9种典型地方性滨水景观类型并分析其生境特征,据此选取白鹭、泽陆蛙、池杉作为指示物种,爬梳文献构建多物种生境适宜性评价指标体系;运用ArcGIS进行多物种生境适宜性评价,并对结果进行K-Means聚类分析,得到6类复合生境组合,其中4类属于滨水生境并呈现城乡梯度特征。在此基础上,依托昆山现有连通度较高的蓝绿空间网络构建形成响应城乡梯度景观特征的滨水生境网络,并提出针对性的分类发展策略,为高密度城市的生物多样性保护提供重要基础支撑。     

大豆粕酶解物的γ-谷氨酰基化及其产物的滋味和抗炎活性

谷氨酰肽是一种具备多种功能特性的kokumi肽。以豆粕为原料,研究了风味蛋白酶和γ-谷氨酰基化协同酶解条件下对大豆粕滋味特性与抗炎功能活性的影响。在风味蛋白酶酶解9h,酶解温度55℃,加酶量质量分数0.75%,pH值7.0条件下获得酶解液,再以加酶量质量分数2.00%,pH值10.0,酶解温度35℃,酶解时间3h条件下进行γ-谷氨酰基化修饰,所得产物即为大豆谷氨酰肽粗产物。粗产物在咸味、鲜味、厚味方面的滋味效果明显提升。结果表明,大豆粕除通过γ-谷氨酰基化修饰后,滋味特性得到改善外,还具有潜在的抗炎活性。利用酶联免疫吸附试验检测实验组IL-8和TNF-α表达水平,结果显示:炎症因子TNF-α、IL-8表达水平经10mg/mL大豆谷氨酰肽粗产物预处理后分别下调了约22%和15%,与正常组表达水平接近,与阳性对照组表达水平有显著差异(P＜0.05)。结合物质变化结果,可推测酶解反应将豆粕中大分子蛋白(大于10kDa)降解为小分子肽,且分子质量主要聚集在小于1kDa范围;γ-谷氨酰基化反应后,部分氨基酸转化成了γ-谷氨酰肽,豆粕的总游离氨基酸质量比从(150.24±0.04)mg/g降至(128.49±0.04)mg/g,推测γ-谷氨酸二肽的产量约为32.24mg/g。希望研究对大豆粕源调味品的功能加工及产品优化提供理论依据。     

大鲵黏液糖蛋白的提取工艺优化及纯化表征

本文以丽水人工养殖大鲵的黏液为原料,优化大鲵黏液粗糖蛋白提取工艺并进行纯化表征。基于单因素实验,以料液比、温度、提取液浓度以及提取时间为考察因素,粗糖蛋白得率为指标,采用响应面法优化提取工艺,得到最佳提取条件为:料液比1:30.5 g/mL、提取温度51 ℃、提取液浓度0.32 mol/L、提取时间5.2 h,大鲵黏液粗糖蛋白得率最高为5.22%±0.71%。纯化得到大鲵黏液糖蛋白（MGP）,经表征分析,测定其达到电泳纯,分子量约为29 kDa;MGP中必需氨基酸及药用氨基酸含量分别为37.21 g/100 g和33.39 g/100 g;MGP具有典型的糖蛋白结构的紫外全波长吸收图像;含有O型糖肽键,吡喃糖环结构和β-糖苷键,β-折叠结构占蛋白质二级结构的87%,为后续深入探究大鲵黏液糖蛋白生物活性提供一定基础。     

机翼跨音速风洞颤振试验模型的计算分析

以某民机机翼跨音速颤振模型为研究对象,采用N-S方程求解固定边界流场的气动力,简化的跨音速小扰动方程求解运动边界流场的气动力,结合结构动力学的模态分析结果进行颤振特性分析。模型风洞试验前完成所有计算工作,试验后通过比较表明,计算结果与试验结果吻合:(1)颤振频率一致;(2)颤振速度随马赫数的变化趋势一致;(3)跨音速凹坑的底部位置一致;(4)颤振速度的偏差最大不超过10%,且在马赫数0.60和0.70处,偏差1%。由此可见该计算方法的计算精度高,可用于风洞试验结果的预判,提升风洞试验结果的可信度和风洞试验的效率,也可作为民机适航符合性验证的一种手段。