Influence of step complexity and presentation style on step performance of computerized emergency operating procedures

With the development of information technology, computerized emergency operating procedures (EOPs) are taking the place of paper-based ones. However, ergonomics issues of computerized EOPs have not been studied adequately since the industrial practice is quite limited yet. This study examined the influence of step complexity and presentation style of EOPs on step performance. A simulated computerized EOP system was developed in two presentation styles: Style A: one- and two-dimensional flowcharts combination; Style B: two-dimensional flowchart and success logic tree combination. Step complexity was quantified by a complexity measure model based on an entropy concept. Forty subjects participated in the experiment of EOP execution using the simulated system. The results of data analysis on the experiment data indicate that step complexity and presentation style could significantly influence step performance (both step error rate and operation time). Regression models were also developed. The regression analysis results imply that operation time of a step could be well predicted by step complexity while step error rate could only partly predicted by it. The result of a questionnaire investigation implies that step error rate was influenced not only by the operation task itself but also by other human factors. These findings may be useful for the design and assessment of computerized EOPs.     

基于变维卡尔曼滤波的UUV目标运动优化估计方法

为实现无人水下航行器精准、安全的跟踪目标从而高效地实现目标的信息采集,提出了一种针对该个体的目标运动优化估计方法。此方法通过建立目标运动模型,基于卡尔曼滤波基本原理,利用变维卡尔曼滤波的方法,达到UUV个体对目标运动状态准确估计的预期效果。为提高该方法的可行性,在利用最小化目标位置估计协方差矩阵完成目标运动轨迹估计及优化的过程中,考虑实际UUV机动时的最大速度限制、与目标最小距离的限制。文章详细阐述该方法的实现和步骤,并通过仿真实验验证了该优化算法的有效性。     

SaBRe: load-time selective binary rewriting

Binary rewriting consists in disassembling a program to modify its instructions. However, existing solutions suffer from shortcomings in terms of soundness and performance. We present SaBRe, a load-time system for selective binary rewriting. SaBRe rewrites specific constructs—particularly system calls and functions—when the program is loaded into memory, and intercepts them using plugins through a simple API. We also discuss the theoretical underpinnings of disassembling and rewriting. We developed two backends—for x86_64 and RISC-V—which were used to implement three plugins: a fast system call tracer, a multi-version executor, and a fault injector. Our evaluation shows that SaBRe imposes little overhead, typically below 3%.

     

面向动态任务合作求解的联盟模型

多Agent系统中,Agent间通过形成联盟达到提高任务求解能力,获取更多收益的目的。主要关注联盟模型的改进和联盟形成阶段的改进,基于ARG(agent,role,group)元模型和学习机制提出了一种采用角色和学习机制的新联盟模型CLAR(coalition model based on learnin gagent and role);在采用合同网协议的CLAR联盟模型中提出了两阶段联盟形成机制;通过捕食者问题实验验证了角色和学习机制的作用,以及两阶段联盟形成机制在减少通讯代价上的作用。     

基于双目视觉的非凸复杂形貌物体干涉分析

传统基于点云分析的物体与场景干涉检测算法使用层次包围盒或空间分解的方法判断是否发生干涉,不能获取物体与场景各点的准确安全距离数值。提出一种基于双目视觉点云的非凸复杂形貌物体干涉分析方法,该方法首先使用双目立体视觉算法对已标定的双目相机拍摄的场景快速重建点云,然后用待分析的物体三维点云和重建的场景点云数据求解干涉问题,使用K-D树搜索的方法快速确定指定点的干涉距离,使用相机光轴方向的点云坐标关系确定是否干涉。方法在某探测器内场实验中的干涉检测正确率为100%。且相较于现有干涉检测算法,本方法可准确获取物体表面是否干涉及具体距离信息,并借助双目点云沿参考相机光轴方向有效简化相交测试计算复杂度,在降采样下单点检测的时间不超过0.15 s,能够满足非凸复杂形貌物体和各类地形的干涉快速分析的需求。所提方法圆满完成了嫦娥五号在轨月面采样封装中采样点选择的采样器-地形干涉分析任务。     

静乐黑枸杞花青素的纯化及其抗氧化特性

目的:探讨静乐黑枸杞花青素的纯化工艺及其抗氧化活性.方法:比较HPD100、D101、NKA、AB-8、HPD400等五种树脂对静乐黑枸杞花青素的吸附与解析性能,筛选最佳树脂,并优化其纯化条件;采用DPPH自由基、OH自由基和ABTS自由基法,比较黑枸杞样品纯化前后的抗氧化活性.结果:HPD100大孔树脂对于静乐黑枸杞...     

Rational Design of Binders for Stable Li‐S and Na‐S Batteries

Binders play a critical role in stabilizing the sulfur cathode of Li‐S and Na‐S batteries. Over the past decade, the design of binder molecules has gone through tremendous evolution from primarily maintaining the structural integrity of the electrode against volume change to rationally immobilizing polysulfide intermediate and facilitating electron/ion transport in the charge and discharge process. This article reviews the development of binder for Li‐S and Na‐S batteries from the perspective of molecular design, and comprehensively discusses the correlation between the functions of the binder molecules and the cell performance. It also points out the future challenge and the potential solutions to address them.     

分布式网络环境下基于区块链的密钥管理方案

为解决在分布式网络实施密钥管理困难和通信开销过大等问题,提出一种基于区块链技术的密钥管理方案（KMSBoB,key management schemes based on Blockchain）。KMSBoB中设计了分布式群组网络下基于区块链的密钥管理和传输过程,并将区块链全体成员挖矿过程和MTI/CO协议过程相结合形成动态生成会话密钥生成协议,简化了跨异构自治域下的密钥管理策略。通过仿真测试和结果分析表明 KMSBoB 的安全性和有效性,并且相比传统密钥管理方案通信开销更少和扩展性更高。     

电子鼻在两种类型浓香菜籽油识别中的应用

采用电子鼻对6种不同炒籽温度和7种不同原料产地油菜籽分别制取的两种类型浓香菜籽油进行了分析。结果表明:通过采集各样品气味信息,电子鼻能够灵敏地检测到浓香菜籽油的香气差异,经数据主成分分析判定,电子鼻既可以很好地区分不同炒籽温度的菜籽油样品,又可以区分不同原料产地的菜籽油样品,因此利用电子鼻技术能建立一种客观、快速区分不同工艺或不同原料浓香菜籽油的评价方法。     

YOLOv5-LR：一种遥感影像旋转目标检测模型

真实遥感图像中,目标呈现任意方向分布的特点,原始YOLOv5网络存在难以准确表达目标的位置和范围、以及检测速度一般的问题。针对上述问题,提出一种遥感影像旋转目标检测模型YOLOv5-Left-Rotation,首先利用Transformer自注意力机制,让模型更加注意感兴趣的目标,并且在图像预处理过程中采用Mosaic数据增强,对后处理过程使用改进后的非极大值抑制算法Non-Maximum Suppression。其次,引入角度损失函数,增加网络的输出维度,得到旋转矩形的预测框。最后,在网络模型的浅层阶段,增加滑动窗口分支,来提高大尺寸遥感稀疏目标的检测效率。实验数据集为自制飞机数据集CASIA-plane78和公开的舰船数据集HRSC2016,结果表明,改进旋转目标检测算法相比于原始YOLOv5网络的平均精度提升了3.175%,在吉林一号某星推扫出的大尺寸多光谱影像中推理速度提升了13.6%,能够尽可能地减少冗余背景信息,更加准确检测出光学遥感图像中排列密集、分布无规律的感兴趣目标的区域。