奥氏体耐热钢 HP40 离心铸造辐射管的失效分析

HP40钢(%:0.35～0.45C、24～27Cr、34～37Ni、≤0.5Mo)辐射管在≤980℃服役2年9个月后开裂失效.分析结果表明,服役过程σ-相的析出导致材料脆化是辐射管开裂的主要原因,开裂区服役温度高于未开裂区,开裂区析出σ-相粗大、数量增多、塑韧性显著降低,致使该区开裂失效.     

Spectrum‐efficiency enhancement in small cell networks with biasing cell association and eICIC: An analytical framework

Load balancing and interference management play crucial roles in small cell network (SCN) capacity and spectrum efficiency (SE) enhancement. By performing load balancing between macrocell and small cells, biasing cell association has attracted great attentions since it is proposed. Additionally, enhanced intercell interference coordination (eICIC) technology is also developed as an efficient interference mitigation method for the biasing cell association‐based SCNs. In this paper, we develop an SE enhancement framework with joint consideration of the eICIC factor and biasing factor. Using the stochastic geometry theory, the network is modeled by spatial Poisson point process. We firstly derive the downlink average rate, which is performed at a typical user. Secondly, the eICIC factor‐related network SE is analyzed by proving the existence of optimal eICIC factor, which maximizes the network SE. For the intractability of the closed‐form expression of optimal eICIC factor, a bisection search‐based algorithm is developed then. At last, numerical results confirm our analysis and show the proposed algorithm performance. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

面向多级电网调度运行的多业务培训仿真系统(三)调度培训仿真技术的实现

以多业务仿真模式和多级调度一体化培训为目标,结合华北电网多级调度全业务培训仿真系统的建设实践,对该系统的设计思想和实现方法进行了详细的介绍。主要围绕"多业务培训"和"调度一体化"这两个显著特点,从调度核心业务在培训系统中的集成、一体化模型及教案管理、电网模型全覆盖的电力系统仿真、教员监视及控制等方面对整个系统的实现及控制进行了阐述。     

江西工业领域推行合同能源管理的对策建议

合同能源管理是西方发达国家普遍采用的节能机制,1997年引入我国后,经过10多a的发展,政策日益完善,市场规模不断扩大,成为我国开展节能工作的有力工具。对江西省节能服务产业现状及存在的主要问题进行’了．分析,提出了加快推行江西省工业领域合同能源管理的对策建议。     

Enhancing the Stability of CuO Thin-Film Photoelectrodes by Ti Alloying

A major drawback for CuO as an efficient photocathode in photoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting is its instability in aqueous solution. In this paper, we report that Ti alloying can enhance the stability of CuO in PEC water splitting but at the cost of reduced crystallinity and optical absorption, and therefore reduced photocurrent. We further report that a balance between the stability and photocurrent can be realized by a bilayer configuration—a thin Ti-alloyed CuO layer on a pure CuO thin film. Our results indicate that the thickness of the top Ti-alloyed CuO layer should be optimized to realize the best stability and photocurrent.     

混凝沉淀用于海水淡化预处理的工程试验研究

研究开展了混凝沉淀的应用试验,确定了其应用于该海淡预处理工程的最佳投药量为10～15 mg/L之间,且在较低浊度下需要适当增加投药量。污泥回流对提高浊度的去除率以及降低投药量有一定作用。通过减小絮凝反应池的折板间距和翼片宽度来增加水流剪切力,可提高絮凝效果。结果表明,改造后的设备更易于矾花的成长与沉淀,随着悬浮物的大量去除,原水的浊度、COD、全铁的去除率大大提高。     

我国柴油加氢脱硫催化剂的研究进展

在绿色低碳的新形势下,我国加快了汽柴油产品质量升级的步伐。目前我国炼油企业改善柴油产品质量主要依靠加氢脱硫工艺,而高活性柴油加氢脱硫催化剂的开发是加氢技术的关键。高活性柴油加氢脱硫催化剂具有原料适应性强、稳定性好、满足低硫清洁柴油生产需求的特点。本文介绍了国内柴油加氢脱硫催化剂的研究进展,对国产和进口加氢脱硫催化剂的性能进行了对比,并结合我国的实际情况提出了改善催化剂性能的建议。     

烟草赤星病拮抗芽胞杆菌的筛选及培养基优化

以赤星病原菌Alternaria longipes为筛选指示菌,采用平板共培养初筛和发酵上清滤液复筛的方法,筛选了烟草赤星病拮抗芽胞杆菌3株。其中菌株K₁₁的菌体径向生长抑制率（PIRG）为63.64%,发酵上清滤液的PIRG值达67.44%。盆栽试验证明,该菌对烟草赤星病具有良好的拮抗能力。经鉴定菌株K₁₁为枯草芽胞杆菌（Bacillus subtilis）。由单因素实验和正交实验优化得到了K₁₁菌株生物量较高的摇瓶发酵培养基配方：葡萄糖20.0 g/L,豆粕30.0 g/L,K₂HPO₄·3H₂O 1.0 g/L,MgSO₄·7H₂O 0.1 g/L。优化后生防菌株K₁₁的生物量比对照提高6.5倍,生物量高达1.28×10¹⁰ CFU/mL,芽胞形成率在95%以上。     

恩施烟区培育壮苗的加热技术研究初报

通过对育苗池底施加不同功率的地热线,拟探索通过苗床加热提高漂湿育苗营养液和盘面温度满足烟苗生长发育,为恩施烟区培育适时烟草壮苗提供科学的育苗方法。研究结果表明,育苗池底铺加地热线均能提高育苗温度和烟苗的生长速度,有效缩短烟苗育苗时间,促进了烟苗生物量的积累,烟苗的整体素质有一定提高。因此,结合恩施烟区地理特征,低山、二高山和高山烟区可分别在育苗池内底部铺加10、20和40 W/M²功率地热线加热,满足烟苗生长所需的温度条件,确保烟苗适时移栽。     

High Pressure Cold Sprayed (HPCS) and Low Pressure Cold Sprayed (LPCS) Coatings Prepared from OFHC Cu Feedstock: Overview from Powder Characteristics to Coating Properties

Cold spraying enables high quality Cu coatings to be deposited for applications where high electrical and/or thermal conductivity is needed. Fully dense Cu coatings can provide an effective corrosion barrier in specific environments. The structure of cold-sprayed Cu coatings is characterized by high deformation which imparts excellent properties. Coating properties depend on powder, the cold spray process and post treatments. First of all, powder characteristics have a strong influence on the formation of pure coatings. Secondly, cold spraying provides dense, adherent, and conductive coatings by using HPCS and LPCS. Furthermore, an addition of Al₂O₃ particles to the Cu powder in LPCS process significantly improves coating properties. Also, heat treatments improve electrical conductivity. This study summarizes optimal characteristics of Cu powder optimized for cold spraying, achieving high coating quality and compares properties of HPCS Cu, LPCS Cu and Cu+Al₂O₃ coatings prepared from the same batch of OFHC Cu powder.