Career involvement of women in dual-career families: The influence of sex role identity.

Studied the influence of sex-role identity on the career involvement of 70 25–45 yr old professional women who were members of dual-career families that included young children. As predicted, Ss categorized as masculine on the Personality Research Form, ANDRO scales, were employed a significantly greater proportion of time after having children than Ss categorized as feminine. In addition, the more equalitarian the marriage, the more likely S was to continue her career participation after having children. Regardless of employment status and the equalitarianism of the marriage, Ss reported that they spent significantly more time alone with their children than their husbands did. Implications for various counseling situations are noted. (25 ref) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Temperature stabilization of ferrimagnetic resonance field in epitaxial YIG by Ga,La substitution

An impediment to the use of epitaxial YIG (yttrium iron garnet) in microwave devices has been the drift of the ferrimagnetic resonance field with temperature. This drift arises from the temperature sensitivity of the demagnetizing and anisotropy fields. By substituting Ga for some of the Fe and La for some of the Y in liquid phase epitaxial YIG, the demagnetizing and anisotropy field contributions to the drift were made self compensating. Temperature stability was thus achieved in perpendicular resonance. In parallel resonance there was a substantial reduction in drift.     

Client attachment style and the psychotherapist's interpersonal stance.

Attachment style is proposed as an important client variable that psychotherapists may need to assess in order to tailor their interpersonal stance in psychotherapy. The authors draw on J. Bowlby's (1969, 1973, 1978) attachment theory and describe the therapeutic implications of 3 adult attachment styles: Anxious/Ambivalent, Avoidant, and Secure. Results are summarized from a psychotherapy research program, including the finding that attachment style was related to symptomatology and to therapists' perceptions of the therapeutic alliance. Case illustrations of clients displaying the 3 types of attachment style are presented to illustrate how therapists can productively alter their interpersonal stance to enhance treatment outcome. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Epidural anesthesia for labor in an ambulatory patient

The effectiveness of two epidural analgesic regimens on the ability to ambulate was compared in women in labor by a prospective, randomized, double-blind design. One group of patients received epidural fentanyl, a 75-micrograms bolus and an infusion of fentanyl 2.5 micrograms/mL at 15 mL/h (FENT, n = 53). A second group received ultra low-dose bupivacaine (0.04%), epinephrine (1.7 micrograms/mL), and fentanyl (1.7 micrograms/mL) (BEF, n = 77), a 15-mL bolus followed by an infusion at 15 mL/h. Adequate analgesia was rapidly obtained in 90.6% of patients in the FENT group and 92.2% of patients in the BEF group (P = 0.89). Seventy percent of patients in the FENT group ambulated versus 68% in the other group. The BEF mixture provided analgesia of longer duration (287 +/- 171 min versus 156 +/- 72 min, P = 0.0001). The number of patients delivering during administration of only their study drug (without needing higher doses of local anesthetics) was 52% for BEF and 21% for FENT (P = 0.0005). Hip flexion weakness precluding ambulation occurred in 17% (P = 0.002) of BEF patients and orthostatic hypotension in 9% (P = 0.08). Neither problem occurred in FENT patients. Neonatal outcome was similar in both groups. Approximately 70% of women receiving epidural analgesia with fentanyl or ultra low-dose bupivacaine, epinephrine, and fentanyl may ambulate safely during labor.     

Effect of undernutrition and amino acid deficiency on the timing of puberty in rats

Sexual maturation was examined in underfed or amino acid-deficient rats. We have demonstrated a highly significant negative linear relationship (r = -0.80, P less than 0.001) between the age at puberty and the growth rate in rats under conditions of food restriction. The weight at puberty in animals growing at different rates because of undernutrition was not constant but behaved as a quadratic function of growth rate, as predicted from the assumption that growth rate was an independent variable. Growth rate is therefore more important than arrival at a particular fixed weight in determining the timing of puberty. Feeding of low valine diets resulted in delayed sexual maturation. Both the weight at vaginal opening (182 +/- 5.9 g) and the weight at first estrus (187 +/- 6.1 g) were significantly greater in the valine-deficient group when compared with growth-matched control (139 +/- 10.7 g and 161 +/- 9.3 g, respectively, P less than 0.05). The valine-deficient group also had significantly later vaginal opening (98.8+/- 4.7 days) than growth-matched controls (76.6 +/- 6.6 days, P less than 0.02). Valine deficiency seemed to have a specific effect on the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis since puberty in valine-deficient animals was delayed more than could be accounted for by impairment of growth.     

Structural units and the redintegrative power of picture fragments

We suppose that line drawings are perceived and represented in memory as a hierarchy of related parts and subparts, as dictated by Gestalt laws like common direction and spatial proximity. Therefore, a figure fragment comprising a natural part of an orginally studied pattern should serve as a strong retrieval cue for redintegrating memory for the pattern, whereas an equally large fragment suggesting either no units of misleading units should lead to poorer recall. This was confirmed in an experiment in which subjects studied 33 nonsense line drawings; recall of each was tested with good, mediocre, or bad (misleading) fragments of the original patterns. Good cues had about five time more redintegrative power than bad cues. A second experiment testing multiple-choice recognition memory showed that subjects confused an originally studied pattern about four times as often with a structurally similar distractor as with a structurally dissimilar distractor (which had an equal-sized change). Thus, memory cuing by fragments and memory confusions with slightly altered distractors indicate the significant constitutents of a figure.     

Response-acquisition and cognitive self-statement modification approaches to dating-skills training.

Three training programs for girl-shy males were designed using an empirically derived domain of problem situations from shy males and response alternatives from a "competent" population. The effectiveness of a response-acquisition treatment was compared with a cognitive self-statement modification treatment, a combination of these 2 treatments, and a waiting-list control group (no treatment). Two enhanced-treatment groups were used to control for the longer time of the combined-treatment group. 61 college men replying to the program announcement were randomly assigned to 1 of the 6 groups. Assessment included in vivo measures made by women phoned by the Ss, questionnaire measures, and ratings of role-play performance in taped, laboratory, problem situations. A 6-mo follow-up assessment was also included. Results indicate that Ss trained in cognitive self-statement modification showed significantly better performance in role-play situations for which they were not trained, made significantly more phone calls, and made a significantly better impression on the women than Ss in other groups. These effects were generally maintained at follow-up, and the cognitive self-statement groups' performance on the role-play measures improved from posttreatment to follow-up. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Search for new industrial oils. VII

Seed oils from 37 plant species in 18 families have been analyzed for fatty acid composition by the isomerization method. The variability encountered is evidenced by the range in content of component acids: from 0–23% for apparent linolenic acid, from 8–74% for apparent linoleic acid, and from 2–88% for apparent oleic acid. Dimorphecolic acid has been found to the extent of approximately 60% in a second species ofDimorphotheca, D. pluvialis (L.) Moench, and in the closely related species,Osteospermum ecklonis (DC.) T. Norl.O. spinescens Thunb. contained instead 30% of a conjugated triene, presumably the same as the 8,10,12-octadecatrienoic reported from the relatedCalendula officinalis L. Oils rich in monoenoic acids are mostly in the Umbelliferae and Araliaceae and presumably contain petroselinic acid as well as oleic. Presented at the AOCS meeting in St. Louis, Mo., May 1–3, 1961. A laboratory of the Northern Utilization Research and Development Division, Agricultural Research Service, U.S.D.A. Agricultural Research Service, U.S.D.A.