Associative interference in schizophrenia as a function of paranoid status and premorbid adjustment.

Administered a sorting task and a paired-associates-learning task, which included a built-in associative interference factor, to 80 hospitalized white male chronic schizophrenics, divided by paranoid or nonparanoid status and good or poor premorbid adjustment, and matched for age and education. Results added support to the associative interference theory concerning psychological deficit in schizophrenia. This was more pronounced in the case of the sorting task than the paired-associates-learning task perhaps because the latter is confounded by a strong memory factor. Findings also indicate that paranoid and premorbid status interactively affect performance. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Poly (styrene sulfonamides) with EDTA‐like chelating groups for removal of transition metal ions

Chlorosulfonated styrene–divinyl benzene (10%) resin beads (420–590 μm), when treated with an excess of triethylene tetramine (TETA), give a corresponding polymeric sulfonamide with three amine functions. The free amine functions of the resin were carboxymethylated almost quantitatively by reacting with 20% excess of potassium chloroacetate in aqueous solution. The resulting resin with iminoacetic acid functions showed rapid chelating abilities for transition metal ions such as Zn (II), Cd (II), Cu (II), Ni (II), Co (II), and Fe (III) ions. At the neutral pHs the chelating resin was able to reduce the metal ion concentrations lower than 1 ppm in about 15 min of the contacting time. Interestingly, when the resin was used in sodium form, metal binding capacities were higher than the theoretical capacity (1.66 mmol · g⁻¹), due to simultaneous precipitation of the transition metal hydroxides on bead particles. The resin samples loaded with metal ions can be regenerated more than 10 times by simple acid‐base treatments, without activity loss. © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 77: 2749–2755, 2000     

Yarn evenness parameters optimization in jetring spinning process

Abstract

In this study, the effects of air nozzles called jetring or nozzlering, on yarn quality which is used as an additional process in conventional ring spinning machines have been investigated. The response surface methodology (RSM) was used to investigate the yarn properties value. In the experiment, Ne30/1 100% cotton fibers were used. In all jetring yarn productions, the air pressure was kept at 125?kPa (gauge). In all samples, the nozzle length was kept 27?mm and twisting chamber diameter was kept Ø2mm. The number of injectors has been kept constant as 4 pieces. Giving the best yarn quality as a result of RSM, injector diameter Ø0.5?mm and injector angle 35° as determined. With this nozzle structural configuration, yarn hairiness values were reduced by 9.2% but yarn irregularity values were increased by 0.7%, yarn elongation values were decreased by 6.2% and yarn tenacity (cN/tex) values decreased to 5.6.     

Proximate and Fatty Acid Composition of Some Commercially Important Fish Species from the Sinop Region of the Black Sea

The proximate and fatty acid compositions of the commercially important fish species (Engraulis encrasicolus, Alosa alosa, Belone belone, Scorpaena porcus, Pomatomus saltatrix, Mullus barbatus) from the Sinop region of the Black Sea were examined. The fat contents ranged from 1.26% (for scorpion fish) to 18.12% (for shad). The protein contents were min 14.54% (for red mullet) and maximum 20.26% (for belone). The fatty acid compositions of the fish ranged from 27.83 to 35.91% for saturated fatty acids, 19.50-33.80% for monounsaturated fatty acids and 15.25-40.02% for polyunsaturated fatty acids. Among the saturated fatty acids, palmitic acid (16:0) (17.75-22.20%) was the dominant fatty acid for all the fish species. As a second saturated fatty acid, myristic acid (14:0) was observed in four of the fish species and its content ranged from 4.72 to 7.31%. Whereas, for the other two fish species, the second saturated fatty acid was stearic acid (18:0) ranging between 4.54 and 10.64%. Among the monounsaturated fatty acids, those occurring in the highest proportions were oleic acid (18:1n-9c) (11.67-22.45%) and palmitoleic acid (16:1) (4.50-9.40%). Docosahexaenoic acid (22:6n-3) (5.41-28.52%), eicosapentaenoic acid (20:5n-3) (4.68-11.06) and linoleic acid (18:2n-6) (1.38-3.49%) were dominant polyunsaturated fatty acids, respectively. All the species, in particular the belone, the anchovy and the shad had high levels of the n-3 series.     

Electropolymerization and ion sensitivity of chemiluminescent thienyl systems

Redox driven chemiluminescent (CL) compounds based on thienyl and pyridazine systems, namely 2,3-dihydrothieno(3,4-d)pyridazine-1,4-dione (T-Lum) and 5,7-di-thiophen-2-yl-2,3-dihydro-thieno[3,4-d]pyridazine-1,4-dione (TTT-Lum), were synthesized. Soluble compounds both in organic media and basic aqueous solution were found to give CL and electroluminescent (EL) reactions by the treatment of oxidants (H₂O₂ and KMnO₄) and by an external potential pulse on the working electrode, respectively. Furthermore, the CL reaction can be speeded up by Fe³⁺ ion or blood samples. On the other hand, one of the compounds, TTT-Lum, can be polymerized successfully via electrochemically both in 0.1 M LiClO₄/acetonitrile containing 5% of borontrifluoro diethylether (BF₃-Et₂O) and neat BF₃-Et₂O solution. The corresponding polymer film (PTTT-Lum) bearing CL units has a very stable and a well-defined reversible redox couple. Also, the electrochromic polymer film has a band gap of 1.74 eV and exhibits EL behavior.     

Building Logic into Peptide Networks: Bottom-Up and Top-Down

In this review we discuss our recent efforts directed at understanding the dynamics of catalytic networks, and their utility for performing Boolean logic operations. We start by explaining the “recipe” for the design of experimental, peptide-based, replication networks, and then the approach we take for simulating their kinetics. The studied networks can be manipulated in order to facilitate molecular replication through all 2-input Boolean logic operations, and furthermore the operational catalytic pathways can be wired together to perform more complex computational modules and network motifs. Beyond just simulations and the basic experiments, we show that while in principle all the gates may be constructed, symmetry and order constraints limit the types of logic that may be practically achieved. Finally, we describe the use of adaptive networks that form logic gates by responding to changes in the environment (pH, salt, and light), and the first steps towards realization of the performance of switching and gating molecular electronic devices using the peptides.     

Heavy metal resistances and biosorptive behaviors of Paenibacillus polymyxa: Batch and column studies

Continuous fixed-bed column and batch biosorption studies were conducted to examine the effectiveness of Paenibacillus polymyxa as an adsorbent for the removal of copper and nickel from aqueous solutions. Experimental data obtained has been fitted well with Langmuir isotherm model and also exhibited very high correlation coefficients which confirmed suitability of the model and biosorption process. Differences among batch and continuous isotherms were observed; the maximum uptake capacity of Cu(II) and Ni(II) in batch system was about 49.8 (mg/g) and 35.02 (mg/g), respectively. Furthermore, the effects of heavy metals on micro-organism growth were studied.     

Effects of CdF2 and WO3 additions on the microstructural and thermal properties of TeO2–CdF2–WO3 glass system

This paper presents microstructural characterization investigations and the crystallization behavior of some glasses in the ternary TeO₂–CdF₂–WO₃ system. Differential thermal analysis (DTA) showed that the glass forming ability of the ternary TeO₂–CdF₂–WO₃ system which is in between the values of 21 and 34, is lower than most of the studied tellurite glasses. It is possible to obtain amorphous glass structure for the compositions of 0.80TeO₂–0.10CdF₂–0.10WO₃ and 0.75TeO₂–0.10CdF₂–0.15WO₃. On the other hand, the 0.85TeO₂–0.10CdF₂–0.05WO₃ and 0.75TeO₂–0.15CdF₂–0.10WO₃ compositions do not form glass with conventional quenching techniques. During crystallization of these glasses, the formation of the alpha, delta and gamma TeO₂, WO₃ and CdTe₂O₅ phases were observed with the addition of a new unidentified phase. Three compositions of 0.85TeO₂–0.10CdF₂–0.05WO₃, 0.80TeO₂–0.10CdF₂–0.10WO₃ and 0.75TeO₂–0.10CdF₂–0.15WO₃ demonstrated two exothermic peaks in the DTA curves. SEM/EDS investigations confirmed the existence of the alpha, delta and gamma TeO₂, WO₃ and CdTe₂O₅ phases for the annealed glasses. The microstructure of the δ-TeO₂ phase was clearly observed in the as-cast 0.75TeO₂–0.10CdF₂–0.15WO₃ composition.     

Immunization of the industrial fermentation starter culture strain of Saccharomyces cerevisiae to a contaminating killer toxin-producing Candida tropicalis

K3 killer trait was introduced into the fermentation starter strain of Saccharomyces cerevisiae BSP 1 in order to construct immune industrial strain that produces K3 type killer toxin and was resistant to Candida tropicalis (K⁺) contamination. Protoplasts of respiration-deficient Rho^o strain of S. cerevisiae NCYC 761 (K3) and S. cerevisiae BSP 1 were fused. The resulting respiration-competent hybrid with K3 type killer activity was selected on media containing a non-fermentable carbon source and by a killer zone assay in a plate test, respectively. The fusant was similar to the parent strain in its fermentation and sugar utilization patterns, growth rate, dough-raising properties and osmotolerance. The newly constructed S. cerevisiae BSP 1 (K3) inhibited the growth of C. tropicalis in a pH range from 3.5 to 5.0 and over a temperature range of 20–30°C.     

Applications of cumulants to array processing. IV. Directionfinding in coherent signals case

For pt.III see ibid., vol.45, no.9, p.2253-64, 1997. We present a subspace-based direction finding method for coherent signal environments using an antenna array. Our method, which uses fourth-order statistics, is capable of resolving more signals than a comparable second-order statistics-based subspace method and is applicable to a larger class of arrays. The maximum number of signals resolvable with our method may exceed the number of sensors in the array. Only a uniform linear subarray is needed; the rest of the array may have arbitrary and unknown response and does not require calibration. On the other hand, the comparable second-order statistics-based method is limited to uniform linear arrays only. No search procedure is needed in our method. Simulation experiments supporting our conclusions are provided