Impact of development periods on chemical properties and bioactive components of safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) varieties

This study aimed to determine the chemical properties (fatty acid composition, oil content, sterol and tocopherol compositions) of the oils extracted from the seeds of safflower (Dinçer, Remzibey, Balci, Linas, Yenice, Olas) varieties harvested in different periods from flowering to ripening period. In parallel with the increase of harvest time, the humidity rate decreased, while the oil ratios increased. It was determined that palmitic (16:0) and stearic (18:0) acids, which are significant saturated fatty acids, and oleic (18:1) and linoleic (18:2) acids, which are unsaturated fatty acids, are quite high in the oils of all safflower varieties. These fatty acids showed significant changes from the first harvest to the last harvest. The total saturated fatty acid ratios decreased, while the amount of unsaturated fatty acids increased as the maturation progressed. The first and latest harvest samples of Dinçer, Remzibey, Balcı, Linas, Yenice, Olas cultivars were selected and their sterol and tocopherol compositions were examined. The highest level of sterol in all cultivars was β-sitosterol and the amount of sterols decreased towards full maturity. It was determined that α-tocopherol was the dominant tocopherol found in the safflower oils and the amount of tocopherol increased towards full maturity.     

Preparation and Characterization of Amino-Functionalized Zeolite/SiO2 Materials for Trypsin–Chymotrypsin Co-immobilization

Catalysis Letters - Inorganic supports have attracted increased attention in enzyme immobilization since they not only improve enzyme stability but also reduce the final cost of enzymatic...     

Comprehensive performance characterization of conductive fabric made of reduced graphene oxide (rGO)

In this study, the production and comprehensive characterization of graphene based electrically conductive textile products, which will allow lower processing costs, such as, low temperature and short process times, and known textile production processes without losing their flexibility, lightness, permeability, and washability characteristics of textile products. Reduced graphene oxide (rGO) was applied with a single step process by impregnation to woven fabrics and various properties of fabrics related to performance and comfort were analyzed besides electrical conductivity. The results obtained in the study have shown that it is possible to produce flexible and soft conductive textiles with low resistance values below 100 kΩ, resistant to mechanical deformations, such as, bending, rubbing, and stretching (cyclic test). In addition, the findings indicated that the fabrics applied rGO with the one-step production process will provide significant advantages to the electronic textile market in terms of wearability, cost-effectiveness, and applicable processes.     

SVD‐aided EKF attitude estimation with UD factorized measurement noise covariance

This paper describes singular value decomposition (SVD) aided extended Kalman filter (EKF) for nanosatellite's attitude estimation. The development of the filter kinematic/dynamic model, the measurement models of the sun sensors, and the magnetometers used to generate vector measurements are presented. Vector measurements are used in SVD for satellite attitude determination purposes. In the proposed method, EKF inputs come from SVD as the linear measurements of attitude angles and their error covariance. In this step, UD factorizes the attitude angles error covariance, forming the measurements in order to obtain the appropriate inputs for the filtering stage. Results are presented and analyzed in addition to discussion of the sub‐step, which is the UD factorization on the measurement covariance. The accuracy of the estimation results of the SVD‐aided EKF with and without UD factorization is compared for estimation performance.     

Orientation map for planning and design methods

This paper constructs a contextual space for plotting the positions of P and D (Planning and design) methods, thus offering a framework for analysing, comparing and contrasting P and D approaches. Three dimensions make up this space: strategy, people involvement and attitude toward change. The strategy continuum varies between the extreme ends: pure inquiry and pure will. The people involvement dimension describes the passage of design control from designer to client. The scale for change attitude spans the distance between aversion to change and exploitation of change. Several well-known P and D methods and approaches are discussed and plotted, to test the validity of the suggested framework.     

Analytical Network Process for logistics management: A case study in a small electronic appliances manufacturer

The purpose of this study is to present an application of Analytical Network Process (ANP) for determination of best logistics partnership strategy of a small electronic appliances manufacturer operating in Turkey. The model includes both qualitative and quantitative factors which have been determined by literature review and the expertise of the company managers. Three different logistics management alternatives, “In-house Logistics”, “Third Party Arrangements”, and “Strategic Alliance”, are evaluated by an ANP model. Pairwise comparisons have been obtained through a survey conducted with the company personnel and sector managers. The results provide a decision support for the company courting strategies for logistics management under the aspects of “Law and Regulations”, “Corporate Structure”, and “Economical Factors”; given in “Customer”, “Finance” and “Technology” Dimensions.     

Interactions of pendimethalin with organo-montmorillonite complexes

Pendimethalin (PM) is a dinitroaniline herbicide, highly hydrophobic and with a very low solubility in water. It is used for pre-emergence weed control, is usually applied before sowing, and mechanically incorporated into the soil. We tested sorption of PM on montmorillonite and on two different organo-montmorillonites in a mixed water–chloroform environment, to determine the feasibility of developing an environmentally oriented formulation of the herbicide. FTIR measurements show that the interactions of PM with montmorillonite on which difenzoquat (DZ) or mepiquat (MQ) were previously adsorbed are via the nitro and methyl groups of the herbicide. The pre-adsorbed organocations cause a dehydration of the interlayer space, leading to hydrophobicity of the organoclay. Changes in the electrokinetic surface charge of the organoclay, measured using a particle charge detector, confirm these results. The high affinity to PM and the hydrophobic behavior of the used organoclays were also demonstrated in experiments using a mixed chloroform–water environment. The crude clay mineral stayed in the water phase, whereas DZ- and MQ-montmorillonites concentrated in the PM-chloroform phase. Amounts of PM adsorbed to the organoclays using this method were very high (up to 0.65 mol PM kg⁻¹ compound), which suggests a very efficient technology of preparation of herbicide-clay formulations, compared with techniques used in the past for similar herbicide-organoclay compounds. Plant experiments using the organoclay-herbicide formulation with higher amount of active ingredient (based on DZ-clay) demonstrate efficient herbicidal activity with 30% less active ingredient.     

Single‐chain polymer nanoparticles via click crosslinking and effect of photoinduced radical combination on crosslink points

Folding of azide functionalized polymer chains was obtained via the copper‐catalyzed azide alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC) methodology using a light‐responsive crosslinker as the ‘click’ component. Subsequently, crosslinked junction points were combined with a photoinduced radical combination strategy to achieve more compact nanoparticles. The resultant folding particles possess smaller particle sizes and higher glass transition temperature values compared to their linear analogues. Fourier transform IR spectroscopy, SEC, DSC, dynamic light scattering, ¹H NMR and TEM techniques were used for characterization. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry