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991.
Novel carbon supported Pt/SnOx/C catalysts with Pt:Sn atomic ratios of 5:5, 6:4, 7:3 and 8:2 were prepared by a modified polyol method and characterized with respect to their structural properties (X-ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM)), chemical composition (XPS), their electrochemical properties (base voltammetry, COad stripping) and their electrocatalytic activity and selectivity for ethanol oxidation (ethanol oxidation reaction (EOR)). The data show that the Pt/SnOx/C catalysts are composed of Pt and tin oxide nanoparticles with an average Pt particle diameter of about 2 nm. The steady-state activity of the Pt/SnOx/C catalysts towards the EOR decreases with tin content at room temperature, but increases at 80 °C. On all Pt/SnOx/C catalysts, acetic acid and acetaldehyde represent dominant products, CO2 formation contributes 1-3% for both potentiostatic and potentiodynamic reaction conditions. With increasing potential, the acetaldehyde yield decreases and the acetic acid yield increases. The apparent activation energies of the EOR increase with tin content (19-29 kJ mol−1), but are lower than on Pt/C (32 kJ mol−1). The somewhat better performance of the Pt/SnOx/C catalysts compared to alloyed PtSnx/C catalysts is attributed to the presence of both sufficiently large Pt ensembles for ethanol dehydrogenation and C-C bond splitting and of tin oxide for OH generation. Fuel cell measurements performed for comparison largely confirm the results obtained in model studies. 相似文献
992.
Z. F. Zhang Z. M. Sun H. Hashimoto T. Abe 《Journal of the European Ceramic Society》2002,22(16):2957-2961
To synthesize Ti3SiC2 samples, pulse discharge sintering (PDS) technique was utilized to sinter elemental powders of Ti/Si/C with stoichiometric and off-stoichiometric ratios in a temperature range of 1200–1500 °C. The results showed that high purity Ti3SiC2 could not be obtained from the Ti/Si/C powder with molar ratio of 3:1:2, and Ti3SiC2 preferred to form at relatively low sintering temperature for a short time. When 5Ti/2Si/3C and 3Ti/1.5Si/2C powders were sintered for 15 min, the TiC content was respectively decreased to 6.4 and 10 wt.% at 1250–1300 °C. The corresponding relative density of the samples sintered from 5Ti/2Si/3C powder was calculated to be as high as 99% at the temperature above 1300 °C. It is suggested that low-temperature rapid synthesis of Ti3SiC2 would be possible through the PDS technique, provided that the composition of the starting powders should be adjusted to be off-stoichiometric ratio from 3:1:2. 相似文献
993.
994.
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996.
Oxidative coupling of methane (OCM) was carried out over Na+-ZrO2-Cl /A1[2O3 catalysts in a temperature range from 1023 to 1123 K. The catalysts were prepared by impregnating the α- or γ-Al2O3 supports with sodium carbonate and/or zirconyl chloride. The OCM activity was examined using the catalysts prepared by three
different preparation procedures. The best catalyst was the one prepared by subsequent impregnation of sodium carbonate-preimpregnated
γ-Al2O3 with a mixed solution of sodium carbonate and zirconyl chloride. It was found that preimpregnated sodium played an important
role in reducing the combustion activity of the γ-Al2O3. The catalyst with an optimal composition showed the highest C2 selectivity and yield of 40.8% and 15.1%, respectively. From the X-ray diffraction analysis it was found that tetragonal
ZrO2 was formed and that NaCl existed in the catalysts with relatively high sodium contents. 相似文献
997.
Voltammetry at a glassy carbon electrode was used to study the electrochemical deposition of Cd–Te from the Lewis basic 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride/tetrafluoroborate air-stable room temperature ionic liquid between 80 °C and 140 °C. Deposition of tellurium alone occurs through a four-electron reduction of Te(iv) to Te which could be further reduced to Te(-ii) at a more negative potential. The Cd–Te electrodeposits could be obtained by the underpotential deposition (UPD) of Cd on the deposited Te. The UPD of Cd on Te was, however, limited by a slow charge transfer rate. Samples of Cd–Te electrodeposits were prepared on tungsten and titanium substrates and characterized by energy dispersive spectroscope (EDS), scanning electron microscope (SEM), and X-ray powder diffraction (XRD). The results showed that an excess amount of Cd(ii) was required in order to prepare CdTe codeposits with a Cd/Te atomic ratio approached 1/1. The deposit composition was independent of the deposition potential within the Cd UPD range. Raising the deposition temperature increased the UPD rate of Cd and promoted the formation polycrystalline CdTe. 相似文献
998.
Interpenetrating polymer network (IPN) hydrogels based on poly(ethylene oxide) and poly(methyl methacrylate) were prepared by radical polymerization using 2,2‐dimethyl‐2‐phenylacetophenone and ethylene glycol dimethacrylate as initiators and crosslinkers, respectively. The IPN hydrogels were analyzed for sorption behavior at 25°C and at a relative humidity of 95% using dynamic vapor sorption. The IPN hydrogels exhibited a relatively high equilibrium water content in the range of 13–68%. The state of water in the swollen IPN hydrogels was investigated using differential scanning calorimetry. The free water in the hydrogels increased as the hydrophilic content increased. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 89: 258–262, 2003 相似文献
999.
由于水平井中流体的流动相态和施工工艺的复杂性,造成常规的产出剖面测井技术难以适应于水平井,因此水平井产出剖面测井技术是一项技术含量高、研究难度大、生产迫切需求的工作。本文简单介绍了水平井产出剖面测井技术及爬行器施工工艺,应用该技术成功完成了塔河油田TK109H等三口水平井产出剖面测井,并总结了施工经验与存在的问题,为进一步应用该技术评价生产层段产出状况提供帮助。 相似文献
1000.
轮胎压力监测系统(TPMS)的研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
介绍了一种轮胎压力监测系统的方案设计,主要内容为系统的组成、工作原理、硬件结构框图、软件流程图设计. 相似文献