城市生活垃圾热值的特征变量选择方法及预测建模

在垃圾焚烧的过程中,垃圾热值的波动会影响垃圾焚烧的稳定性.为了实现城市生活垃圾热值的实时在线预测以及变化趋势预测,采用模糊神经网络软测量方法,利用焚烧发电厂在线运行数据作为输入,实现垃圾热值的实时预测功能.首先采用互信息方法从若干特征变量中剔除部分无关变量;然后将模糊神经网络和粒子群优化算法结合起来从上述选择出的特征变量中进一步剔除冗余变量,从而确定预测垃圾热值的输入变量,并从中训练出垃圾热值的模糊神经网络预测模型;最后通过采集的样本数据进行性能测试.结果表明该方法有较好的预测准确率和实时性,适用于垃圾热值的在线预测.     

Edge diffraction correction for 3D scattering center modeling based on the shooting and bouncing ray technique

In the traditional scattering center extraction method based on the shooting and bouncing ray(SBR) technique,only the physical optics contribution of the target is considered.However,the physical optics method is unable to describe the contribution of the actual edge diffraction.By comprehensively considering the specular reflection and edge diffraction contribution of the target,an edge diffraction correction method for 3D scattering center modeling based on the SBR technique is proposed.Using the SBR technique and combining the image domain ray tube integration and equivalent edge currents method,the edge diffraction correcting formula for the 3D inverse synthetic aperture radar image is derived.Simulation results show that the proposed method is able to effectively improve the modeling accuracy of the 3D scattering center.     

Adaptive simulated annealing particle swarm optimization algorithm

Particle swarm optimization is widely used in various fields because of the few parameters to be set and the simple calculation structure.In order to improve the optimization speed and accuracy of the PSO,and to avoid falling into the local optimal solution,an adaptive simulated annealing PSO is proposed,which uses the hyperbolic tangent function to control the inertia weight factor for nonlinear adaptive changes,uses linear change strategies to control 2 learning factors,introduces the simulation annealing operation,set a temperature according to the initial state of the population,guide the population to accept the difference solution with a certain probability according to the Metropolis criterion,and ensure the ability to jump out of the local optimal solution.To verify the effect of the algorithm proposed in this paper,7 typical test functions and 5 algorithms proposed in the literature are selected for comparison and testing.According to the average value,standard deviation and number of iterations of the optimization results,the algorithm proposed in this paper has greatly improved the iteration accuracy,convergence speed and stability so as to overcome the shortcomings of particle swarm optimization.     

无机灰分对餐厨沼渣中有机质热解特性的影响

针对餐厨垃圾厌氧处理所产生的沼渣具有产量大、灰分质量分数高的特点,研究沼渣中无机灰分对其热解过程的影响. 通过热重分析和热裂解?气相色谱质谱联用技术（Py-GC/MS）分析沼渣热解动力学特性及其产物. 动力学分析结果表明,沼渣除灰后,失重速率显著提高,热解起始温度由180 ℃降至160 ℃. 除灰沼渣的总表观活化能比沼渣的略高,原因可能是除灰使沼渣内部孔隙增加,在促进挥发分析出的同时,削弱了部分组分在热解过程中的催化裂解作用. 产物分析结果表明,NaCl能够促进油相产物中烃类向酮类的转化,ZnCl₂通过促进酸类的脱羧作用,使烃类质量分数提高至66.8%;Fe₂O₃和Al₂O₃使烃类物质的质量分数分别提高至66.8%和72.7%,CaO和MgO可以促进酸类脱羧生成酮,使产物中酮类的质量分数高达46.5%和39.4%.     

基于OBE理念的职业教育课程教学设计与实施——以城市轨道交通车辆客室车门结构与应用任务为例

针对职业教育课程传统教学模式存在的问题,以城市轨道交通车辆客室车门结构与应用任务为例,提出利用学习成果导向(OBE)理念进行教学设计与实施的方案,从知识、技能、素养三大目标着手进行逆向教学设计,以覆盖这三大目标的工作任务贯穿全过程,使学生的自主学习能力逐步增强,解决复杂问题能力显著进步,从而提高教学质量.     

等离子体表面氟化处理环氧树脂及其沿面闪络特性研究

为加快绝缘子表面电荷消散,提升绝缘子沿面闪络电压,本研究提出了等离子体氟化改性技术,选用与绝缘子配方一致的环氧树脂试样,改变材料表面的处理时间,测试处理前、后试样的表面物理、化学及介电特性.结果表明:等离子体处理作为一种兼具表面物理改性及化学改性的方法,可以在试样表面引入亲水性基团,改变试样表面的浸润性,试样表面粗糙度随处理时间的增加呈先提高后降低的趋势,同时等离子处理可以在材料表面引入F元素,浅化表面陷阱,提升材料的表面电导率,减少表面电荷积聚;在选定参数下,处理9 min后,沿面闪络电压提升至最大值,威布尔分布计算表明提升了约37.17％;过长时间的等离子体表面处理会破坏材料结构,深化表面陷阱,降低表面电导率,降低沿面闪络电压.     

胶片电影中的快速斑块修复算法研究

斑块是胶片电影中最常见的损伤类型问题,传统的斑块修复算法修复质量较好,但修复速度不够快.针对传统斑块修复算法在修复速度上的不足,提出了 一种改进性的快速斑块修复算法.相比于传统修复算法的改进主要体现在运动估计模块和修复模块.运动估计模块使用权重系数矩阵对二维匹配块矩阵做降维处理,得到两组一维特征矩阵,使用一维特征矩阵代替二维匹配块搜索运动矢量最优值.修复模块使用单参考帧修复算法代替双参考帧修复算法.实验结果表明,快速斑块修复算法与传统修复算法相比,主观评价基本一致,修复速度优于传统修复算法.     

用电采集系统停上电事件的数据质量辨识技术

为解决智能配电网抢修服务平台中数据质量缺陷对预警抢修精准度产生负面影响的问题,提出一种针对用电信息采集系统停上电信息的数据质量处理方法.首先使用回归方法对数据整体异常率进行辨识,其次依据完整性、唯一性、一致性、准确性各项辨识指标对停上电数据缺陷进行辨识与处理,最后分析最新数据与历史数据之间的显著关系,辅助实现数据时效性辨识.该方法对源数据的质量进行辨识与处理,为后期平台建设中信息集成和故障研判的开发运行提供可靠的数据支撑.     

MICROSTRUCTURE STUDY OF CONSTITUENT PHASES IN 2024 SERIES Al ALLOYS

X-ray microanalysis,convergent beam electron diffraction(CBD)and selected area electrondiffraction(SAD)studies on the structures and compositions of the constituent phases in2024 series Al alloys have been conducted.Partial substitution of alloying elements is found tooccur in all the constituent phases,which cause small deviations from the stoichiometric com-positions reported in these ternary compounds.The dominant phase is α-Al_(12)(FeMn)_3Si whichhas a body center cubic crystal structure with the Im■ space group and a=1.25 nm.The nextdominant phase is Cu_2FeAl_7 which has a primitive tetragonal crystal structure with theP4/mnc space group and a=0.6336 nm,c=1.487 nm.The minor phase is α'-Al_(12)Fe_3Si hav-ing α primitive cubic crystal structure with the Pm■ space group and α=1.27 nm.     

基于演化算法的奇偶校验器自动设计*

基于演化算法技术,提出一种新的设计思想,实现奇偶校验器的电路自动设计.实验证明,多目标演化算法具有较少的运算量和较高的效率,能自动设计出使用逻辑门数更少、延时更小的奇偶校验器.