全文获取类型
收费全文 | 1494篇 |
免费 | 62篇 |
国内免费 | 3篇 |
学科分类
工业技术 | 1559篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 8篇 |
2022年 | 21篇 |
2021年 | 38篇 |
2020年 | 16篇 |
2019年 | 37篇 |
2018年 | 40篇 |
2017年 | 37篇 |
2016年 | 51篇 |
2015年 | 39篇 |
2014年 | 39篇 |
2013年 | 83篇 |
2012年 | 85篇 |
2011年 | 114篇 |
2010年 | 70篇 |
2009年 | 86篇 |
2008年 | 84篇 |
2007年 | 74篇 |
2006年 | 48篇 |
2005年 | 48篇 |
2004年 | 55篇 |
2003年 | 48篇 |
2002年 | 38篇 |
2001年 | 39篇 |
2000年 | 20篇 |
1999年 | 26篇 |
1998年 | 38篇 |
1997年 | 34篇 |
1996年 | 22篇 |
1995年 | 12篇 |
1994年 | 19篇 |
1993年 | 22篇 |
1992年 | 18篇 |
1991年 | 27篇 |
1990年 | 12篇 |
1989年 | 14篇 |
1988年 | 5篇 |
1987年 | 9篇 |
1986年 | 8篇 |
1985年 | 9篇 |
1984年 | 10篇 |
1983年 | 6篇 |
1982年 | 9篇 |
1981年 | 4篇 |
1980年 | 8篇 |
1979年 | 8篇 |
1978年 | 4篇 |
1976年 | 4篇 |
1975年 | 6篇 |
1973年 | 2篇 |
1968年 | 2篇 |
排序方式: 共有1559条查询结果,搜索用时 0 毫秒
81.
In situ dynamic observations of the deformation and fracture characteristics of alpha/beta brass two-phase bicrystals were made by the solid diffusion method. The results indicated clearly that the crack initiation site was at the interface. The crack propagation direction, in both the alpha and beta phases, was found to be orientation dependent. Complementary experiments on alpha and beta brass single crystals confirmed the theories and results obtained previously on ductile single crystals.On leave from the Mechanical Engineering Department, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt. 相似文献
82.
Novel vitamin E derivative with 4-substituted resorcinol moiety has both antioxidant and tyrosinase inhibitory properties 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
A novel vitamin E derivative, (6″-hydroxy-2″,5″,7″,8″-tetramethylchroman-2″-yl) methyl 3-(2′,4′-dihydroxyphenyl)propionate
(TM4R), which has a chromanoxyl ring and 4-substituted resorcinol moieties, was synthesized; and its inhibitory effects on
tyrosinase, antioxidant ability, and lightening effect of ultraviolet B (UVB)-induced hyperpigmentation were estimated. TM4R
showed potent inhibitory activity on tyrosinase, which is the rate-limiting enzyme in melanogenesis. The scavenging activities
of TM4R on 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl and hydroxyl radicals were found to be nearly the same as those of α-tocopherol.
Furthermore, an efficient lightening effect was observed following topical application of TM4R to UVB-stimulated hyperpigmented
dorsal skin of brownish guinea pigs. These results suggest that TM4R may be a candidate for an efficient whitening agent,
possibly by inhibiting tyrosinase activity and biological reactions caused by reactive oxygen species. 相似文献
83.
We propose a new algorithm for routing packets which effectively avoids packet congestion in computer networks. The algorithm
involves chaotic neurodynamics. To realize effective packet routing, we first composed a basic method by a neural network,
which routes packets with shortest path information between two nodes in the computer network. When the computer network has
an irregular topology, the basic routing method does not work well, because most of packets cannot be transmitted to their
destinations due to packet congestion in the computer network. To avoid such an undesirable problem, we employed chaotic neurodynamics
to extend the basic method. Numerical experiments show that our proposed method exhibits good performance for scale-free networks.
We also analyze why the proposed routing method is effective, comparing the proposed method with several stochastic methods.
We introduced the method of surrogate data, a statistical hypothesis testing which is often used in the field of nonlinear
time-series analysis. Analysis of the proposed method by the method of surrogate data reveals that the chaotic neurodynamics
is most effective to decentralize the packet congestion in the computer network. 相似文献
84.
Hiroyuki Moriuchi Yoshihiro Tadokoro Masahide Sato Takeshi Furusawa Noboru Suzuki 《Journal of Electronic Materials》2007,36(3):220-225
Lead-free commercial products have been dramatically increasing in the world markets as the restriction of certain hazardous
substances (RoHS) directive in the European Union has been enacted. At the same time, the problem of “tin whiskers” has become
one of the most serious problems in the industry. Growth of tin whiskers is believed to be related to residual stress inside
the tin plating film and external compressive stress. Whiskers in fine-pitch connectors have affected the practical production
of advanced digital equipment. The Japan Electronics and Information Technology Industries Association (JEITA) has proposed
a new testing method to evaluate tin whiskers, especially for the fine-pitch connectors. This paper describes the microstructures
of external stress whiskers and the mechanical indentation test method. 相似文献
85.
The removal of paint on the surface of waste plastics is difficult by the conventional process; in this research, a new cleaning mechanism using atmospheric plasmas was examined through optical emission spectroscopy, electron spectroscopy for chemical analysis, and scanning electron microscopy. Results indicate that an increase of pulse frequency enables for a short processing time for the removal of the paint film, signifying that the production of radicals in plasma, especially oxygen radicals, can be controlled by pulse frequency.Plasma jets were generated under the experimental conditions of an input power of 250 W to 400 W, a pulse frequency of 2 kHz to 12 kHz, and a plasma gas flow rate of 30 L/min. Examination of the intensity ratio of the reactive species, as measured by emission spectroscopy, showed that the O/N value increased with an increase in pulse frequency. Results of analysis with electron spectroscopy for chemical analysis show that nitrogen atoms and molybdenum in only the paint film decreased through plasma processing. 相似文献
86.
Hiroyuki Hirakata Yoshimasa Takahashi Do Van Truong Takayuki Kitamura 《International Journal of Fracture》2007,145(4):261-271
In order to elucidate the role of plasticity on interface crack initiation from a free edge and crack propagation in a nano-component,
delamination experiments were conducted by a proposed nano-cantilever bend method using a specimen consisting of ductile Cu
and brittle Si and by a modified four-point bend method. The stress fields along the Cu/Si interface at the critical loads
of crack initiation and crack propagation were analyzed by the finite element method. The results reveal that intensified
elastic stresses in the vicinity of the interface edge and the crack tip are very different, although the Cu/Si interface
is identical in both experiments. The plasticity of Cu was then estimated on the basis of the nano-cantilever deflection measured
by in situ transmission electron microscopy. The plasticity affects the stress fields; the normal stress near the interface
edge is intensified while that near the crack tip is much reduced. Both the elasto-plastic stresses are close to each other
in the region of about 10 nm. This suggests that the local interface fracture, namely, the crack initiation at the interface
edge and the crack propagation along the interface, is governed by elasto-plastic normal stress on the order of 10 nm. 相似文献
87.
Takayuki Ueki Akifumi Yoshihara Yuji Teramura 《Science and Technology of Advanced Materials》2016,17(1):807-815
Since circulating tumor cells (CTCs) are tumor cells which are found in the blood of cancer patients, CTCs are potential tumor markers, so a rapid isolation of CTCs is desirable for clinical applications. In this paper, a three-dimensional polystyrene (PS) microfiber fabric with vacuum aspiration system was developed for capturing CTCs within a short time. Various microfiber fabrics with different diameters were prepared by the electrospinning method and optimized for contact frequency with cells. Vacuum aspiration utilizing these microfiber fabrics could filter all cells within seconds without mechanical damage. The microfiber fabric with immobilized anti-EpCAM antibodies was able to specifically capture MCF-7 cells that express EpCAM on their surfaces. The specificity of the system was confirmed by monitoring the ability to isolate MCF-7 cells from a mixture containing CCRF-CEM cells that do not express EpCAM. Furthermore, the selective capture ability of the microfiber was retained even when the microfiber was exposed to the whole blood of pigs spiked with MCF-7 cells. The specific cell capture ratio of the vacuum aspiration system utilizing microfiber fabric could be improved by increasing the thickness of the microfiber fabric through electrospinning time. 相似文献
88.
Scintillation properties of Tm-doped Lu3Al5O12 single crystals 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Makoto Sugiyama Yutaka Fujimoto Takayuki Yanagida Daisuke Totsuka Yuui Yokota Akira Yoshikawa 《Optical Materials》2011,34(2):439-443
Using the micro-pulling-down (μ-PD) method, Tm-doped Lu3Al5O12 (Tm:LuAG) single crystals were grown to examine their scintillation properties. In transmittance spectra, they exhibited about 80% transparency in the wavelengths longer than 320 nm and five absorption lines due to Tm3+ 4f–4f transitions were observed. 241Am α-ray excited radioluminescence spectra were measured and intense 4f–4f emission peaks were observed with the host emission. When excited by 137Cs γ-Ray to obtain pulse height spectra, Tm 1% doped LuAG showed the highest light yield coupled with a photomultiplier (PMT) or a silicon avalanche photodiode (Si-APD). The light yield was estimated to be 5800 and 7300 photons/MeV for PMT and Si-APD, respectively. Decay time profiles consist of two exponential components and the fast and slow components are considered to be attributed to the host and the combination of the host and Tm3+ 4f–4f emission, respectively. 相似文献
89.
Md. Obaidullah Takeshi Furusawa Iqbal Ahmed Siddiquey Masahide Sato Noboru Suzuki 《Advanced Powder Technology》2017,28(10):2678-2686
Alumina (Al2O3) coated ZnO core-shell structures were synthesized by a novel, fast, and facile route utilizing microwave (MW) irradiation to control photocatalytic property of ZnO. The phase analysis and the core–shell structure development were corroborated by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray fluorescence (XRF), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). The XPS results affirmed that elements on the coated surface were Al and O. Zeta potential analysis predicted the presence of Al2O3 layer on ZnO due to almost similar zeta potential curve for pure Al2O3 and Al2O3 coated ZnO nanoparticles. There was no significant change in band gap energy of ZnO after amorphous Al2O3 coating as obtained from derived data of the reflectance spectra but gradual decreasing of reflectance in the visible range, measured by UV–vis spectroscopy, of the prepared core-shell nanoparticle may be due to the coating of amorphous Al2O3 on ZnO. The photocatalytic efficiency of ZnO was reduced after amorphous Al2O3 layer as confirmed by the photodegradation of methylene blue under UV irradiation. 相似文献
90.
Takayuki Usui Reimer Behrends Jacob Evans Yannis Smaragdakis 《Journal of Parallel and Distributed Computing》2010
Transactional memory is being advanced as an alternative to traditional lock-based synchronization for concurrent programming. Transactional memory simplifies the programming model and maximizes concurrency. At the same time, transactions can suffer from interference that causes them to often abort, from heavy overheads for memory accesses, and from expressiveness limitations (e.g., for I/O operations). In this paper we propose an adaptive locking technique that dynamically observes whether a critical section would be best executed transactionally or while holding a mutex lock. The critical new elements of our approach include the adaptivity logic and cost–benefit analysis, a low-overhead implementation of statistics collection and adaptive locking in a full C compiler, and an exposition of the effects on the programming model. In experiments with both micro and macrobenchmarks we found adaptive locks to consistently match or outperform the better of the two component mechanisms (mutexes or transactions). Compared to either mechanism alone, adaptive locks often provide 3-to-10x speedups. Additionally, adaptive locks simplify the programming model by reducing the need for fine-grained locking: with adaptive locks, the programmer can specify coarse-grained locking annotations and often achieve fine-grained locking performance due to the transactional memory mechanisms. 相似文献