Differentiating between Burkitt lymphoma and CD10+ diffuse large B-cell lymphoma: the role of commonly used flow cytometry cell markers and the application of a multiparameter scoring system

The goal of this study was to evaluate routine flow cytometric (FC) immunophenotypic markers in differentiating between Burkitt lymphoma (BL) and CD10+ diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). We performed retrospective analysis of FC data from 55 patients. We evaluated 9 FC parameters: forward and side scatter (FSC and SSC); mean fluorescent intensity (MFI) for CD20, CD10, CD38, CD79b, CD43, and CD71; and the percentage of neoplastic cells positive for CD71 (%CD71). The FSC; MFIs of CD10, CD43, CD79b, and CD71; and %CD71 cells were significantly different between BL and CD10+ DLBCL (P < .05; Student t test). A 5-point scoring system (FSC, %CD71, and MFIs of CD43, CD79b, and CD71) was devised, and 6 (60%) of 10 BLs scored 3 or greater and 1 (10%) of 10 CD10+ DLBCLs scored 3 (P = .04; χ(2)). Our findings indicate that routine FC parameters can aid in differentiating BL from CD10+ DLBCL.     

逍遥散对肝纤维化大鼠肝脏保护作用的研究

目的观察逍遥散对胆管结扎致肝纤维化大鼠肝功能及肝纤维化指标的影响。方法采用胆管结扎法复制肝纤维化大鼠病理模型,各组大鼠分别以生理盐水、阳性对照药、低剂量逍遥散、高剂量逍遥散进行干预,测定各组大鼠血清ALT、AST、TBIL、HA、PCIU、LN、Ⅳ—C水平。结果肝纤维化模型组大鼠血清ATJT、AST、TBIL、HA、PCⅢ、LN、Ⅳ—C水平均显著高于假手术组（P〈0．05）;阳性对照药组、逍遥散高剂量组大鼠血清ALT、AST、TBIL、HA、PCⅢ、LN、Ⅳ—C水平均显著低于肝纤维化模型组（P〈0．05）。结论逍遥散对胆管结扎致肝纤维化大鼠肝功能具有一定程度的保护作用,对肝纤维化具有一定的防治作用。     

X-linked GnRH deficiency: role of KAL-1 mutations in GnRH deficiency

The gene for X-linked Kallmann's syndrome (KAL-1, encoding anosmin-1) was cloned in 1991. Over a decade elapsed before autosomal forms of KS and most of other genetic forms of isolated hypogonadotrophic hypogonadism (IHH) became characterized, and the genetic diversity of these disorders fully appreciated. Although KAL-1 mutations appear to cause a more severe reproductive phenotype than other IHH genes, the biology of this multidomain extracellular matrix protein has only been partially characterized. Initial studies suggested a central role of anosmin-1, in GnRH neuron ontogeny - specifically in GnRH neuronal migration from the cribriform plate area into the brain - as well as in olfactory bulb development. Anosmin-1 is expressed extracellularly, with high affinity binding to cell membrane heparan sulphate proteoglycans. It is expressed in the outer layers of the developing olfactory bulb, the neuroretina, the cerebellum, spinal cord and developing kidney. Recent observations have demonstrated an anosmin-1 heparan sulphate dependent functional interaction with the product of the autosomal dominant KAL-2 (FGFR1: anosmin-2) gene, thereby modulating FGFR1 signalling. Although these genes are frequently co-expressed in developing tissues, this may not represent the sole mode of action of anosmin-1, and FGFR1 independent actions of the protein have also been identified. Structural and in vitro functional studies have shown that anosmin-1 may have complex biological actions. Anosmin-1 interactions with FGFR1 have however been best characterized and represent the dominant focus of this chapter.     

数字化塑形钛网个体化修补颅骨缺损12例临床分析

目的总结应用数字化塑形钛网个体化修补颅骨缺损的临床体会,探讨此技术在颅骨修补术中的价值。方法采用数字化塑形技术将钛网制成个体化颅骨修复体,进行颅骨修补手术12例,观察颅骨修复后塑形效果,分析塑形工作量、手术时间、术后患者对塑形的满意度及术后并发症。结果应用数字化塑形钛网个体化修补颅骨缺损,缩短了手术时间,减少了术后并发症,头颅外形对称,患者均对塑形满意。结论数字化塑形钛网个体化修补颅骨缺损方便,快捷,塑形满意,减轻了医师的工作强度,可有效减少术后并发症,提高修复效果,具有推广及应用价值。     

The KRAS/Lin28B axis maintains stemness of pancreatic cancer cells via the let‐7i/TET3 pathway

Increasing evidence demonstrates that Lin28B plays critical roles in numerous biological processes including cell proliferation and stemness maintenance. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying Lin28B nuclear translocation remain poorly understood. Here, we found for the first time that KRAS promoted Lin28B nuclear translocation through PKCβ, which directly bound to and phosphorylated Lin28B at S243. Firstly, we observed that Lin28B was upregulated in pancreatic cancer, contributing to cellular migration and proliferation. Furthermore, nuclear Lin28B upregulated TET3 messenger RNA and protein levels by blocking the production of mature let‐7i. Subsequently, increased TET3 expression could also promote the expression of Lin28B, thereby forming a Lin28B/let‐7i/TET3 feedback loop. Our results suggest that the KRAS/Lin28B axis drives the let‐7i/TET3 pathway to maintain the stemness of pancreatic cancer cells. These findings illuminate the distinct mechanism of Lin28B nuclear translocation and its important roles in KRAS‐driven pancreatic cancer, and have important implications for development of novel therapeutic strategies for this cancer.

Abbreviations

CCK‐8

cell counting kit‐8

CSC

cancer stem cells

IP

immunoprecipitation

MUT

mutant type

NLS

nuclear localization signal

PC

pancreatic cancer

PCSC

pancreatic cancer stem cells

PKC

protein kinase C

WT

wild‐type

     

唇裂术后鼻畸形整复方法的探讨

目的：探讨唇裂术后鼻部维发畸形整复的方法。方法：采用鼻翼软骨悬吊,内、外侧脚附着点移位;假体植入以恢复鼻部软骨正常形态结构。结果：矫正鼻翼塌陷18例,鼻小柱偏斜9例;鼻尖低平合并鼻小柱短小9例,鼻孔过大7例,均获得满意疗效。结论：从解剖学角放矫正唇裂术后继发畸形,可针对鼻部不同异常形态,灵活设计各种术式,术后效果满意。     

Identification of heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein as a candidate biomarker for diagnosis and prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma

BackgroundHepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common type of liver cancer with a high mortality rate. However, spliceosomal genes are still lacking in the diagnosis and prognosis of HCC.MethodsIdentification of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) was performed using the limma package in R software. Modules highly related to HCC were obtained by weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA), and the module genes were analyzed using the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway. The biomarker for diagnosing HCC was determined by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis, and the effect of the biomarker in the diagnosis of HCC was evaluated by performing five-fold cross-validation with logistic regression. HCC specimens from preoperatively treated patients were tested for biomarker by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). Kaplan-Meier analysis was used to assess the relationship between biomarker and patient survival. The role of biomarker was evaluated using ESTIMATE analysis in the tumor microenvironment.ResultsIn this study, 389 DEGs were screened out from three Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) datasets. We also found that the turquoise module of 123 genes from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) data was the key module with the highest correlation with HCC traits. Then, 123 genes were analyzed using the KEGG enrichment pathway, and eight genes were found to be most significantly related to the spliceosome pathway. We selected 8 genes and 389 DEGs shared genes, and finally got the only gene, heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein (hnRNPU). The high expression of hnRNPU was associated with poor prognosis of HCC, and hnRNPU was a biomarker for diagnosing HCC. In the tissues of patients with excellent HCC treatment hnRNPU messenger RNA (mRNA) was lower than in the tissues of patients with poor HCC treatment. High expression of hnRNPU was significantly increased in HCC patients with low stromal (P<0.05), low immune (P<0.05), and low estimation scores (P<0.05), and with high tumor purity (P<0.05) and high malignant progression (P<0.05) of the HCC.ConclusionsThe hnRNPU gene identified in this study may become a new biomarker for the diagnosis and prognosis of HCC.     

CB-LPD,MGUS, T-LGLL,and PRCA: A rare case report of 4 concomitant hematological disorders

Rationale:Monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) is a clinically asymptomatic clonal plasma cell or lymphoplasmacytic proliferative disorder. Recently, some case reports have described the association of pure red cell aplasia (PRCA) with MGUS, even with a relatively low monoclonal immunoglobulin burden. T large granular lymphocyte leukemia (T-LGLL) is a chronic lymphoproliferative disorder characterized by clonal expansion of T large granular lymphocytes, which is rare in China. There are some reports about T-LGL leukemia in patients with B-cell lymphoma; however, it is very rare that T-LGLL coexists with MGUS and clonal B-cell lymphoproliferative disorders (CB-LPD).Patient concerns:A 77-year-old man was hospitalized because of anemia. He was diagnosed with MGUS, CB-LPD, and PRCA. During the development of the disease, a group of abnormal T lymphocytes was detected by flow cytometry of peripheral blood.Diagnosis:Combining clinical manifestations with the result of T cell receptor gene rearrangement and immunophenotype, it was consistent with the diagnosis of T large granular lymphocyte leukemia.Interventions:The patient was treat with bortezomib and dexamethasone regimen, Rituximab and sirolimus.Outcomes:The patient was transfusion independent after therapies.Lessons:We report a patient with 4 concomitant hematological disorders: T-LGLL, MGUS, CB-LPD, and PRCA, aiming to represent the clinical and flow cytometry characteristics of these concomitant diseases, analyze the mechanism between diseases, and provide a clinical reference.     

胃十二指肠疾病患者感染幽门螺杆菌的cagA基因和血清CagA抗体状况

目的 :探讨幽门螺杆菌cagA基因和血清CagA抗体与胃十二指肠疾病的关系。方法 :用聚合酶链反应方法测定 62株由慢性胃炎、消化性溃疡和胃癌患者感染HpcagA基因 ;用酶免疫方法测定同一患者血清CagA抗体。结果 :HpcagA基因阳性率为 5 6.45 %。慢性胃炎、消化性溃疡和胃癌患者感染HpcagA基因阳性率分别为 5 5 .5 6%、5 4.17%和 63 .64 % ,三种疾病患者之间感染Hp的cagA基因阳性率无显著差异 (P >0 .0 5 ) ;慢性胃炎、消化性溃疡和胃癌患者血清CagA抗体阳性率分别为 70 .3 7%、79.17%和 40 .0 0 % ,血清CagA抗体总阳性率为 68.85 %。慢性胃炎、消化性溃疡和胃癌患者之间血清CagA抗体阳性率无显著差异 (P >0 .0 5 )。结论 :HpcagA基因和血清CagA抗体与Hp感染个体发生的不同类型胃十二指肠疾病之间无关联     

不同气腹压对腹腔镜胃癌根治术的影响

目的 评价深度肌松条件下低气腹压对腹腔镜胃癌根治术（LAG）患者炎性因子、氧化应激和远端大网膜毛细血管内皮细胞形态的影响。
方法 选择2022年1—6月择期行LAG患者60例,男45例,女15例,年龄40～75岁,BMI 18～30 kg/m²,ASA Ⅰ或Ⅱ级。采用随机数字法将患者分成两组：低气腹压组（PL组）和对照组（PH组）,每组30例。两组均采用深度肌松条件（PTC计数为1或2）,PL组气腹压设定为10 mmHg,PH组气腹压设定为14 mmHg。记录气腹维持时间、手术时间、麻醉时间、拔管时间、PACU停留时间、术后住院时间及术后48 h内PCIA有效按压次数、PCIA总按压次数、补救镇痛例数。记录麻醉诱导前5 min、关腹前5 min、术后24 h血浆白细胞介素-1β（IL-1β）、白细胞介素-6（IL-6）和肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）浓度、丙二醛（MDA）、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）和还原型谷胱甘肽（GSH）含量。观察进腹后5 min、关腹前5 min大网膜毛细血管内皮细胞形态。
结果 与PH组比较,PL组术后48 h内PCIA有效按压次数、PCIA总按压次数明显减少（P<0.05）,关腹前5 min、术后24 h IL-6浓度明显降低（P<0.05）,关腹前5 min MDA含量明显降低（P<0.05）。关腹前5 min PL组毛细血管内皮细胞轻度水肿,细胞内积液致细胞厚度不均匀,细胞核轻度肿胀、收缩功能稍减弱,血管管腔内径变窄;PH组毛细血管内皮细胞严重水肿、肿胀,细胞膜内积液、增厚明显,细胞核肿胀、几乎失去收缩功能,血管管腔极度缩窄,接近于全部闭塞。
结论 低气腹压可以降低LAG患者血浆炎性因子浓度,减轻术后疼痛、氧化应激和远端大网膜毛细血管内皮细胞损伤。