鼻内窥镜下鼻中隔矫正术

目的 :研究鼻内窥镜下鼻中隔矫正术的优点。方法 :鼻内窥镜下鼻中隔矫正术 5 0例 ,同期施行传统的鼻中隔矫正术 5 0例作为对照 ,分析两者手术时间、术中出血量及疼痛情况。结果 :鼻内窥镜组治愈率为96% ,手术时间 ( 35 .5 0± 5 .2 0 ) min,术中出血量 ( 2 3.2 2± 4.2 5 ) ml,疼痛发生率为 1 6% ;传统手术组治愈率为 90 % ,手术时间 ( 4 5 .64± 6.34) min,术中出血量 ( 31 .34± 5 .64) ml,疼痛发生率为 38%。经统计学分析两组治愈率差异无显著性 ( P>0 .0 5 ) ,鼻内窥镜组手术时间明显缩短 ( P<0 .0 1 ) ,术中出血量明显减少 ( P<0 .0 5 ) ,术中疼痛发生率明显降低 ( P<0 .0 5 )。结论 :鼻内窥镜下鼻中隔矫正术照明好 ,术野清晰 ,直视下手术 ,易剥离粘连处和及时发现粘膜损伤 ,手术时间短 ,术中出血量少 ,疼痛轻 ,术后并发症少 ,特别是鼻中隔矫正同期完成功能性鼻内窥镜手术及歪鼻矫正手术时更显示其优越性     

眼针治疗阵发性室上性心动过速120例的即时疗效观察

目的:观察眼针对阵发性室上性心动过速的即时疗效。方法:选择符合诊断标准的门诊患者120例,针其眼针穴区:心区和上焦区。针后30分钟描记心电图,计算心率,观察眼针对阵发性室上性心动过速的影响。结果:显效103例,占85.83%;有效9例,占7.5%;无效8例,占6.66%;总有效率93.33%.结论:眼针对阵发性室上性心动过速有较好的即时疗效。     

Influence of serum protein on polycarbonate-based copolymer micelles as a delivery system for a hydrophobic anti-cancer agent.

A new micelle system formed from methoxy (polyethylene glycol)-b-poly (5-benzyloxy-trimethylene carbonate; MePEG-b-PBTMC 5000-b-4800) was investigated as a delivery system for the hydrophobic anti-cancer agent, ellipticine. The ellipticine was loaded into the MePEG-b-PBTMC micelles with a loading efficiency of 95% using a high-pressure extrusion technique. The ellipticine-loaded micelles have a spherical morphology and an average diameter of 96 nm. The anti-cancer activity of ellipticine was confirmed to be retained following formulation in the MePEG-b-PBTMC micelles. The extent of protein adsorption to the MePEG-b-PBTMC micelles was investigated by transmission electron microscopy, dynamic light scattering and gel filtration chromatography. Overall, the amount of protein both loosely and tightly associated with the micelles was found to be minimal and insignificant. The partitioning properties of ellipticine between an aqueous medium containing protein and the MePEG-b-PBTMC micelles were examined over a range of protein concentrations. Under physiologically relevant conditions, it was found that 61% of the drug remained within the micelle fraction while 39% was in the protein-containing aqueous phase. In addition, the in vitro drug release profile of ellipticine from the micelles was fit using a modified Higuchi model and found to be accelerated in the presence of protein. These studies demonstrate that although there are no significant interactions between micelle and protein, the properties of the micelle as a delivery vehicle may be strongly influenced by protein-drug interactions.     

腰椎节段形态对峡部、小关节应力及小关节接触力影响的有限元分析

目的:探讨腰椎形态结构变化对峡部裂性滑脱及小关节退变的作用和意义。方法:采用改良的“非种子区域分割方法”及非平行“最佳切割平面”等一系列新型计算机辅助设计(CAD)方法精确建立包括椎间盘高度、腰椎小关节角、椎间盘前凸角改变的L4~L5活动节段有限元模型;在2700N轴向压缩载荷条件下,分别对各有限元模型的峡部、小关节应力、小关节接触力以及椎间盘负载进行测试。结果:压缩载荷下,腰椎活动节段峡部、小关节等效应力及小关节接触力随椎间盘高度的减小而减小,随小关节角的增大而增加,随椎间盘前凸角的增加而减小。结论:椎间盘高度、腰椎小关节角、椎间盘前凸角等形态结构变化对腰椎节段有限元模型的峡部、小关节应力及小关节接触力有明显的影响。提示腰椎峡部应力性骨折及小关节退变的发生与椎间盘高度、腰椎小关节角、椎间盘前凸角等解剖形态因素有关。     

医用钛合金在三种不同生理电解液中的耐腐蚀行为研究

利用电化学方法研究医用钛合金在0.9%NaCl生理盐水，模拟人工唾液，模拟人工体液中的腐蚀情况，分析腐蚀电位和腐蚀电流密度，扫面电镜观察腐蚀表面形貌，CA-A型接触角测试仪测试钛合金表面被腐蚀后接触角的变化。实验表明：钛合金在三种生理电解液中的腐蚀情况依次是：模拟人工唾液〉模拟人工体液〉0.9%NaCl生理盐水。扫面电镜观察表明，医用钛合金在0.9% NaCl生理盐水腐蚀后，表面出现了许多腐蚀孔，经模拟人体体液腐蚀后，表面变得粗糙不平整，腐蚀孔数目变化不大，钛合金经人工唾液腐蚀后，腐蚀孔数目增多，部分腐蚀孔孔径明显增大。经三种生理电解液腐蚀后，钛合金表面接触角都减小。结论：医用钛合金在人工唾液中的腐蚀最严重，在临床应用中应给予相应的防范措施。     

Contribution of genetic factors for melanoma susceptibility in sporadic US melanoma patients

Abstract:  The risks of developing malignant melanoma (MM) include ultraviolet irradiation and genetic factors. To examine the contribution of rare and common variation within known MM genes in sporadic US MM patients, coding regions of known MM susceptibility genes [cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2A ( CDKN2A ), cyclin-dependent kinase 4, melanocortin 1 receptor ( MC1R ) and tyrosinase ( TYR )] were resequenced in 109–135 MM cases. The significance of variants was examined by comparing their frequencies in 390 cancer-free controls. Potential deleterious mutations in CDKN2A were found in two patients and two others had variants of unknown significance. Cases were more likely than controls to harbour the MC1R 'R' variants known or predicted to alter its function ( P  = 0.002), particularly the R160W variant ( P  = 0.0035). The associated TYR R402Q variant (rs1126809*A) was found in 29% of cases, similar to what has been described previously. One MM patient with a family history of MM, who had developed other skin cancers, was homozygous for a novel TYR variant (P406L) of unknown significance. Hence, rare variants in TYR may be important risk factors for skin cancer.     

Lipid extract from completely sporoderm‐broken germinating Ganoderma sinensis spores elicits potent antitumor immune responses in human macrophages

Ganoderma sinensis has been used widely in Oriental countries for the prevention and treatment of various diseases including cancer. Previous studies have shown that the lipid extract from Ganoderma exhibits direct cytotoxicity against tumor cells. Here, it is reported that the lipid extract from germinating G. sinensis spores, at lower concentrations that have no direct tumoricidal activity, induce potent antitumor immune responses in human monocytes/macrophages. Upon stimulation with the lipid extract, monocytes/macrophages exhibited markedly increased production of proinflammatory cytokines and surface expression of costimulatory molecules. Conditioned medium from stimulated cells effectively suppressed the growth of tumor cells. Apparently, the lipid extract triggered macrophage activation via a mechanism different from that associated with LPS. Moreover, it was observed that the lipid extract could partially re‐establish the antitumor activity of the immunosuppressive tumor‐associated macrophages. These results indicated that in addition to its direct tumoricidal activity, the lipid extract from G. sinensis spores could exert antitumor activity by stimulating the activation of human monocytes/macrophages. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

青蒿琥酯皮肤擦剂在小鼠和兔体内的药代动力学研究

将青蒿琥酯溶于苯二甲酸二甲酯,加适量氨酮制成皮肤擦剂。给兔脱毛后,皮肤涂抹此擦剂25mg/kg后,血药浓度达峰时间平均为2 h,峰浓度平均为1.80μg/ml。药物在兔体内平均驻留时间为3.54 h,清除半衰期约为2.46 h。给小鼠脱毛皮肤涂抹擦剂6.7,31.3和71.4 mg/kg,血药浓度在给药后0.5～4 h达高峰,峰浓度分别为0.82,2.05和7.11μg/ml,体内药物平均驻留时间为3.39,2.79及3.54 h,清除半衰期为2.35,1.93及2.45 h。可见,给兔及小鼠皮肤擦剂后,青蒿琥酯吸收良好,血药浓度维持时间较长。     

Pneumocephalus after thoracoscopic excision of posterior mediastinal tumor.

Pneumocephalus is a very rare complication of video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS). A 66-year-old man developed pneumocephalus secondary to thoracoscopic excision of a neurogenic tumor in the posterior mediastinum. Pneumocephalus was diagnosed by brain computed tomography. Neurosurgical intervention was performed after conservative therapy had failed. The patient's condition had resolved without any neurologic sequelae 2 years later. When a patient has a relatively large amount of chest tube drainage and neurologic symptoms after VATS, the possibility of pneumocephalus due to cerebrospinal fluid leakage must be considered.     

核磁共振法测定非离子表面活性剂 HLB 值的研究 2.几种混合体系 HLB 值的测定与计算

本文应用核磁共振法(NMR)测定了几种混合体系的 HLB 值与混合体系中各组分的 HLB 值。实验结果表明,混合体系中各组分在核磁共振图谱中的积分曲线高度也具有加和性。混合体系的 HLB 值是体系中各组分 HLB 值的加权平均值。因此,对混合体系的 HLB 值可以应用 NMR 法直接测定,也可应用 NMR 法测定各组分的 HLB值,通过计算求得,计算值与实测值完全一致。