情绪应激后大鼠颞下颌组织学及关节盘内P物质的相关变化

目的:观察情绪应激后大鼠颞下颌关节(1temporomandibular joint,TMJ)盘内P物质(substance P,SP)的表达及微结构的变化,探讨情绪因素对TMJ的影响.方法:SD大鼠90只,随机分为3组.包括情绪应激组,对照组及足部电击组,每组30只.人为造成情绪应激的动物模型,分别在1周,3周,5周时取对照组和情绪应激组大鼠的颞下颌关节,在同一部位的切片,行SP免疫组化染色.光镜观察,图像分析,并与对照组进行比较.结果:颞下颌关节盘内能发现有明显的SP阳性神经纤维分布,主要分布在关节盘前、后带,且多分布在近盘边缘部,图像分析表明单视野中SP阳性纤维数与对照组差异显著(P<0.01);对照组与情绪应激组1周之间有显著性差异(P<0.05),和3周、5周之间差异不显著(P>0.05).结论:在大鼠情绪应激状态下TMJ的一系列病理性改变中,P物质可能参与了这种病理过程,但各实验组间的变化差异有所不同.     

微生物药物研究进展与发展趋势

微生物药物作为广泛使用的临床药物具有重要的地位,尤其是在抗感染、抗肿瘤、降血脂和抗器官移植排异方面具有不可替代的作用。     

Real-time texture analysis for identifying optimum microbubble concentration in 2-D ultrasonic particle image velocimetry

Many recent studies on ultrasonic particle image velocimetry (Echo PIV) showed that the accuracy of two-dimensional (2-D) flow velocity measured depends largely on the concentration of ultrasound contrast agents (UCAs) during imaging. This article presents a texture-based method for identifying the optimum microbubble concentration for Echo PIV measurements in real-time. The texture features, standard deviation of gray level, and contrast, energy and homogeneity of gray level co-occurrence matrix were extracted from ultrasound contrast images of rotational and pulsatile flow (10 MHz) in vitro and in vivo mouse common carotid arterial flow (40 MHz) with UCAs at various concentrations. The results showed that, at concentration of 0.8∼2 × 10³ bubbles/mL in vitro and 1∼5 × 10⁵ bubbles/mL in vivo, image texture features had a peak value or trough value, and velocity vectors with high accuracy can be obtained. Otherwise, poor quality velocity vectors were obtained. When the texture features were used as a feature set, the accuracy of K-nearest neighbor classifier can reach 86.4% in vitro and 87.5% in vivo, respectively. The texture-based method is shown to be able to quickly identify the optimum microbubble concentration and improve the accuracy for Echo PIV imaging.     

压力-容积曲线指导个体化保护性单肺通气在开胸术中的应用

目的:应用动态压力-容积曲线设定全身麻醉单肺通气时个体化的潮气量和呼气末正压(PEEP)。方法:42例ASAⅠ～Ⅱ级择期行肺叶切除术患者,常规双肺通气30min后(T0)行单肺通气,按照患者单肺通气即刻动态压力-容积曲线低位拐点对应的压力(PLIP)+0.196kPa设定PEEP值,依次按照100%、80%、60%高位拐点对应的容量(VUIP)设定潮气量,分别通气30min(T1、T2、T3)。记录各时点血流动力学和呼吸力学参数,并采集动脉和混合静脉血行血气分析,根据公式计算肺内分流率。结果:T1、T2、T3的PEEP值均为(0.64±0.13)kPa,潮气量分别为(10.1±1.2)mL/kg、(7.2±1.1)mL/kg、(5.6±0.7)mL/kg,与T1相比,T2的气道峰压、气道阻力、分流率降低;动脉氧分压、胸肺顺应性增加;T3的平均动脉压、动脉二氧化碳分压增高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:根据动态压力-容积曲线,80%VUIP联合PLIP+0.196kPa水平的PEEP有助于改善单肺通气氧合,降低分流,对血流动力学影响轻微。     

Stem cell therapy as an emerging paradigm for stroke （ STEPS） Ⅱ

Cell-based therapies represent a new therapeutic approach for stroke.In 2007,investigators from academia,industry leaders,and members of the National Institutes of Health crafted recommendations to facilitate the translational     

Results of the influenza virus surveillance in wild birds in Western part of Mongolia

ObjectiveTo present results of virological study of wild birds inhabiting Western Mongolia.MethodsOver a period of 2003–2008, we isolated 13 influenza A viruses: H1N1, H3N6, H13N8 and H4N6 subtypes. We did not isolate any H5N1 subtype, that still cause epizooty in wild birds and poultry.ResultsWe revealed taxonomic and ecological heterogeneity of the birds involved in maintenance of circulation of influenza viruses in the given territory. Influenza viruses were isolated from birds of 6 orders; among them there are species preferring water and semi-aquatic biotopes, one species preferring dry plain region, and also one species which can inhabit both dry and water biotopes.ConclusionsRepresentatives of all main orders of Western Mongolia avifauna are involved in support of influenza A virus circulation, highly pathogenic H5N1 influenza viruses were registered in Mongolia thus it's necessary to continue permanent influenza virus surveillance in wild birds' populations.     

经皮空心螺钉固定治疗距骨颈骨折18例分析

目的：分析经皮空心螺钉固定治疗距骨颈骨折的效果及对功能恢复的影响。方法：根据Hawkin分型,对18例距骨颈骨折患者采用闭合复位或有限切开复位经皮空心螺钉固定手术治疗。结果：18例均获随访,随访时间9—15个月。骨折愈合情况分别为：Ⅰ型,Ⅱ型共11例均愈合,Ⅲ型愈合3例,Ⅳ型愈合1例。结论：闭合复位或有限切开复位经皮空心螺钉固定手术治疗距骨颈骨折,疗效满意。     

乙型肝炎抗病毒治疗的现状及存在的问题

HBV感染呈全球性分布,其中亚洲和非洲的发展中国家为高发地区.全球HBV感染者约4亿.我国自1992年起将全国新生儿接种乙型肝炎疫苗纳入计划免疫后,HBsAg阳性率已由1992年的9.75%降至2006年的7.18%.然而,我国慢性乙型肝炎患者仍有2000万左右,是我国肝硬化和肝细胞性肝癌（HCC）的主要病因,是国家重点防治的传染病之一.