大肠癌术后血路播散的动态追踪监测

目的 研究大肠癌血路播散在监测大肠癌患者术后复发转移中的意义。方法 使用靶向ＣＫ２０的ＲＴ－ＰＣＲ技术,对５８例大肠癌患者外周血和骨髓微转移癌细胞在术前和术后不同时间进行了动态检测。结果 术后肿瘤无复发转移的大肠癌患者ＣＫ２０的阳性率（１６.３％）显著低于复发转移者（８８.９％）。血路播散有四种情况：①术后ＣＫ２０检测曾有一度转阴;②ＣＫ２０检测持续阳性;③ＣＫ２０在术后才转阳;④ＣＫ２０术后一直阴性。死亡的６例患者术前ＣＫ２０检测均为阳性。结论 大肠癌血路播散在术后复发转移中起重要作用,动态追踪检测大肠癌ＣＫ２０的变化有助于预测肿瘤的复发转移、术前存在血路播散者预后差。     

前列回春对实验性大鼠前列腺组织血管内皮生长因子表达的影响

目的 :探计前列回春对实验性大鼠前列腺组织血管内皮生长因子 (VEGF)表达的影响 ,阐明其抗前列腺增生作用。　方法 :雄性SD大鼠 6 0只随机分为正常组 ,模型组 ,雌二醇组 ,前列回春低、中、高剂量组 ,每组 10只。除正常组外 ,其他 5组均去势 ,去势 7d后给大鼠注射丙酸睾酮 4mg·kg-1·d-1,连续 1个月 ;同时给前列回春低、中、高剂量组按 0 .4、0 .8、1.6g·kg-1·d-1的比例灌胃给药 ;雌二醇组皮下注射雌二醇 2 .5mg·kg-1·d-1;模型组和正常组给予等容积蒸馏水。用药 1个月后处死大鼠取前列腺组织 ,用免疫组化方法检测前列腺组织中VEGF阳性细胞表达率。　结果 :前列回春各剂量组与模型组比较差异均有显著性 (P <0 .0 1) ,前列回春中、高剂量组与雌二醇组比较差异也有显著性 (P <0 .0 1)。　结论 :前列回春可抑制实验性大鼠前列腺组织中VEGF的表达 ,其表达量随药量的增加而降低 ,说明该药具有抗前列腺组织新生血管形成、抑制前列腺增生的作用     

基于网络药理学探讨八珍汤重塑食管癌肿瘤微环境的作用机制

目的：基于网络药理学和生物信息学探讨八珍汤重塑食管癌肿瘤微环境的作用机制。方法：收集 中药系统药理学数据库与分析平台（TCMSP） 中八珍汤组方药物的有效成分及其靶点，从TCGA 数据库下载食 管癌患者的转录组数据和临床信息，根据ESTIMATE 算法计算食管癌样本的基质评分、免疫评分、综合评 分，筛选食管癌肿瘤微环境预后相关基因，将这些基因作为重塑食管癌肿瘤微环境的相关靶点。最后将中药靶 点和疾病靶点取并集，获得八珍汤重塑食管癌肿瘤微环境的相关靶点，并通过Cytoscape 3.9.1 构建“中药-成 分-靶点”网络。基于STRING 11.5 数据库及Cytoscape 3.9.1 软件构建蛋白质-蛋白质相互作用（PPI） 网络并 通过Cytoscape 3.9.1 的插件CytoHubba 筛选核心基因，运用DAVID 数据库对中药与疾病共有靶点进行基因本 体（GO） 富集分析以及京都基因与基因组百科全书（KEGG） 通路分析，并对药物有效成分和核心基因进行分 子对接验证。结果：获得八珍汤重塑食管癌肿瘤微环境的31 个相关基因，根据MCC 算法筛选得到前5 个较为 重要的基因：ICAM1、CCL2、CXCL10、STAT1、VCAM1。GO 功能、KEGG 通路富集分析结果显示，中药-疾 病共有靶点基因主要富集于趋化因子信号通路、TNF 信号通路、NF-κB 信号通路等。分子对接结果显示，八 珍汤药物主要有效成分和核心靶点蛋白有良好的结合力。结论：八珍汤可能通过靶向ICAM1、CCL2、 CXCL10、STAT1、VCAM1 等关键基因调控趋化因子、TNF、NF-κB 等信号通路重塑食管癌肿瘤微环境，从而 影响食管癌细胞生长、侵袭转移、血管生成、化学耐药等。     

The distinctive role of membrane fibrinogen-like protein 2 in the liver stage of rodent malaria infections

Viral infection often induce the expression of murine fibrinogen-like protein 2 (mFGL2) triggering immune coagulation, which causes severe liver pathogenesis via increased fibrin deposition and thrombosis in the microvasculature. We aimed to investigate the role of mFGL2 in the liver stage of malaria infections. We reveal that infection with malaria sporozoites also induces increased expression of mFGL2 and that this expression is primarily located within the liver Kupffer and endothelial cells. In addition, we report that inhibition of FGL2 has no significant effect on immune coagulation but increases the expression of inflammatory cytokines in the livers of infected mice. Interestingly, FGL2 deficiency had no significant impact on the development of liver stage malaria parasites or the pathogenesis of the infected liver. In contrast to viral infections, we conclude that mFGL2 does not contribute to either parasite development or liver pathology during these infections, revealing the unique features of this protein in liver-stage malaria infections.     

结核多组分重组蛋白疫苗EPRHP014的免疫原性和保护效果的初步评价

目的初步评价自主构建的结核多组分重组蛋白疫苗EPRHP014免疫原性和保护效果, 为研制结核新疫苗、有效防控结核病提供科学基础。方法选择结核分枝杆菌全长蛋白抗原3种(EsxH、Rv2628和HspX)和经表位预测和优化的表位优势蛋白抗原2种(nPPE18和nPstS1), 共5种组分构建蛋白抗原组合物EPRHP014, 包括融合表达纯化的多组分蛋白抗原(EPRHP014f)和分别表达纯化单个蛋白构成多组分混合蛋白抗原(EPRHP014m)。EPRHP014f和EPRHP014m分别辅以铝佐剂制备多组分蛋白疫苗, 采用卡介苗(BCG)作对照。皮下注射免疫BALB/c小鼠后, 采用ELISA法检测血清特异性抗体效价, 采用ELISpot和Luminex技术检测多种细胞因子分泌情况, 采用结核分枝杆菌体外生长抑制试验观察其免疫保护作用。结果采用t检验或秩和检验进行统计分析。结果 EPRHP014m和EPRHP014f免疫小鼠后均能诱导产生高效价的IgG抗体及其亚型IgG1和IgG2a, 抗体效价与BCG免疫组小鼠差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。EPRHP014f组诱导产生的分泌IFN...     

Nicotinamide nucleotide transhydrogenase mutation analysis in Chinese patients with thyroid dysgenesis

Thyroid dysgenesis (TD) accounts for 80% cases of congenital hypothyroidism, which is the most common neonatal disorder. Until now, the gene mutations have been reported associated with TD can only account for 5% cases, suggesting the genetic heterogeneity of the pathology. Nicotinamide nucleotide transhydrogenase (NNT) plays a crucial role in regulating redox homeostasis, patients carrying NNT mutations have been described with a clinical phenotype of hypothyroidism. As TD risk is increased in the context of several syndromes and redox homeostasis is vital for thyroid development and function, NNT might be a candidate gene involved in syndromic TD. Therefore, we performed target sequencing (TS) in 289 TD patients for causative mutations in NNT and conducted functional analysis of the gene mutations. TS and Sanger sequence were used to screen the novel mutations. For functional analysis, we performed western blot, measurement of NADPH/NADP_total and H₂O₂ generation, cell proliferation, and wounding healing assay. As a result, three presumably pathogenic mutations (c.811G > A, p.Ala271Ser; c.2078G > A, p.Arg693His; and c.2581G > A, p.Val861Met) in NNT had been identified. Our results showed the damaging effect of NNT mutations on stability and catalytic activity of proteins and redox balance of cells. In conclusion, our findings provided novel insights into the role of the NNT isotype in thyroid physiopathology and broaden the spectrum of pathogenic genes associated with TD. However, the pathogenic mechanism of NNT in TD is still need to be investigated in further study.     

基于关联规则算法研究慢性肾炎证候与病位病性的相关性

目的 将关联规则算法应用于慢性肾炎证候与病位、病性之间相关性的研究。方法 将目前流行病学的临床研究方法用于此次数据挖掘，收集1115例慢性肾炎病例，进行临床症状数据的录入分析。借助病案数据记录挖掘系统，构建慢性肾炎证候与病位、病性的关联规则模型，然后对收集慢性肾炎病案资料进行进一步分析。结果 慢性肾炎以腰膝酸软、腰脊酸痛、神疲息短、四肢乏力、下肢水肿、尿量少、尿黄、苔腻等一系列临床表现多见;病位以肾、脾、膀胱为主;病性以气虚、阳虚、气滞、湿、热、水停为主。结论 通过关联规则算法正确应用，于一定程度上揭示慢性肾炎证候与病位、病性之间的相关性，但由于中医临床中对症状的描述欠统一性和规范性，故将不同种类的中医药数据挖掘算法广而试之，方可更全面地总结中医临床的辨证思维律。     

会阴三维超声结合血清松弛素水平对女性盆底功能障碍的诊断价值

目的分析会阴三维超声结合血清松弛素(RLX)水平对女性盆底功能障碍(FPFD)的诊断价值。方法选取2017年9月至2019年9月重庆市第七人民医院诊治的120例FPFD患者作为试验组,同时选取进行体检的120例健康者作为对照组。对两组子宫后位发生情况、膀胱颈移动度(BND)、Valsalva动作盆膈裂孔面积及RLX水平进行比较。结果试验组子宫后位发生率为71.67%,高于对照组的29.17%,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);试验组BND和Valsalva动作盆膈裂孔面积分别为(29.77±1.27)mm、(25.98±1.09)cm^( 2),明显高于对照组的(15.58±1.63)mm和(13.47±1.24)cm^( 2),差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05);试验组RLX水平为(403.44±311.21)pg/mL,明显高于对照组的(198.33±209.81)ng/mL,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论经会阴三维超声结合RLX水平检测能够从影像层面和激素层面为医师提供有价值的诊断依据,具有较好的临床应用价值。     

The Safety Assessment of Irrigation Fluid Management for Shoulder Arthroscopy and Its Effect on Postoperative Efficacy

Objective

Fluid extravasation is a potentially dangerous complication associated with shoulder arthroscopy. Most relevant studies have involved respiratory system, while the primary purpose was to reveal the effects of the fluid extravasation on cardiovascular system and postoperative function.

Methods

The clinical data of 92 patients was retrospective analyzed, in which 84 cases with rotator cuff injury, three cases with shoulder instability, three cases with fractures of the greater tuberosity of the humerus, and two cases with frozen shoulder. All the patients were undergoing shoulder arthroscopy. The relationship between the basic information of the patients and cardiac index (CI) or pulse pressure variation (PPV) were evaluated by linear regression analysis. The change of CI or PPV at different states were evaluated by the one-way analysis of variance. The liquid retention (TR) and postoperative clinical outcomes was analyzed using linear regression.

Results

The preoperative CI was affected by anesthesia status and body position, while PPV was not affected. Multivariate mixed-effects model analysis of CI found that there was a statistically significant difference in groups of older than 55 years old and those with obesity (BMI > 24). After the operation, the retention of irrigation fluid significantly influenced the circumference of the deltoid (P < 0.001 (95%CI: [0.30, 1.00])), but not on the circumference of the deltoid, neck, and arm. The multivariate analysis of the American Shoulder and Elbow Surgery (ASES) scores at 3 and 6 months after surgery showed that the fluid retention volume was correlated with the ASES score at 3 months after surgery, especially when the retention volume was greater than 2 L (P = 0.001 (95%). %CI: [−12.49, −3.22]).

Conclusion

The retention of irrigation fluid after shoulder arthroscopic surgery causes swelling of local limbs, and has an effect on peripheral blood vessels, which is mainly reflected in its influence on PPV and the postoperative function. Therefore, surgeons need to improve their surgical technique, shorten the operation time and reduce fluid retention.     

Targeting electroencephalography for alcohol dependence: A narrative review

Background

Electroencephalography (EEG)-based electrophysiological techniques have made progress in diagnosing and treating alcohol dependence in recent years.

Aims

The article reviews the latest literature in this field.

Materials and methods

Alcohol dependence, which is common and prone to relapsing, poses a serious threat to individuals, families, and society. At present, the objective detection methods for alcohol dependence in clinic are not enough. As electrophysiological techniques developed in psychiatry, some researches on EEG-based monitoring methods are of great significance in the diagnosis and treatment of alcohol dependence.

Discussion

As electrophysiological techniques developed in psychiatry, some researches on EEG-based monitoring methods such as resting electroencephalography (REEG), event-related potentials (ERP), event-related oscillations (ERO), and polysomnography (PSG), was reported.

Conclusion

In this paper, the status of electrophysiological researches on EEG in alcoholics are reviewed in detail.