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Ahmad Khusairi Azemi Siti Safiah Mokhtar Sharifah Emilia Tuan Sharif Aida Hanum Ghulam Rasool 《Pharmaceutical biology》2021,59(1):1430
ContextAtherosclerosis predisposes individuals to adverse cardiovascular events. Clinacanthus nutans L. (Acanthaceae) is a traditional remedy used for diabetes and inflammatory conditions.ObjectivesTo investigate the anti-atherosclerotic activity of a C. nutans leaf methanol extract (CNME) in a type 2 diabetic (T2D) rat model induced by a high-fat diet (HFD) and low-dose streptozotocin.Materials and methodsSixty male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into five groups: non-diabetic fed a standard diet (C), C + CNME (500 mg/kg, orally), diabetic fed an HFD (DM), DM + CNME (500 mg/kg), and DM + Metformin (DM + Met; 300 mg/kg). Treatment with oral CNME and metformin was administered for 4 weeks. Fasting blood glucose (FBG), serum lipid profile, atherogenic index (AI), aortic tissue superoxide dismutase levels (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA), and tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) were measured. The rats’ aortas were stained for histological analysis and intima-media thickness (IMT), a marker of subclinical atherosclerosis.ResultsThe CNME-treated diabetic rats had reduced serum total cholesterol (43.74%; p = 0.0031), triglycerides (80.91%; p = 0.0003), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (56.64%; p = 0.0008), AI (51.32%; p < 0.0001), MDA (60.74%; p = 0.0026), TNF-α (61.78%; p = 0.0002), and IMT (39.35%; p < 0.0001) compared to untreated diabetic rats. SOD level, however, increased (53.36%; p = 0.0326). These CNME effects were comparable to those in the metformin-treated diabetic rats.ConclusionsC. nutans possesses anti-atherosclerotic properties, which may be due to reductions in vascular tissue oxidative stress, inflammation, and serum AI. Continued studies on atherosclerotic animal models are suggested. 相似文献
63.
Cheng‐Yin Tan Siti N. O. Razali Khean‐Jin Goh Nortina Shahrizaila 《Journal of the peripheral nervous system : JPNS》2019,24(2):168-173
Guillain‐Barré syndrome (GBS) is an acute immune‐mediated neuropathy that has variable disease course and outcome. The Erasmus GBS outcome score (EGOS), modified EGOS (mEGOS), and Erasmus GBS respiratory insufficiency score (EGRIS) are prognostic models designed to predict the functional outcome of GBS patients at 6 months (EGOS and mEGOS) and the need for mechanical ventilation within a week of admission (EGRIS). The models were primarily developed in the Dutch GBS population, and thus the usefulness of these models in other GBS cohorts is less clear. In the current study, we aimed to validate mEGOS, EGOS, and EGRIS in Malaysian GBS patients. A total of 107 patients with GBS and its variants were consecutively recruited. Patients with GBS and Miller Fisher syndrome (MFS) were analysed separately. In the GBS cohort, high mEGOS and EGOS scores were significantly correlated with poor outcome at 6 months (mEGOS on admission: r = .381, P = .005; mEGOS at day 7 of admission: r = .507, P < .001; EGOS: r = .484, P < .001). However, there were no significant correlations between mEGOS or EGOS and outcome in patients with MFS (mEGOS on admission: r = .152, P = .523; mEGOS at day 7 of admission: r = .008, P = .973; EGOS: r = .110; P = .644). The score of EGRIS for GBS patients with mechanical ventilation was significantly higher than those patients without mechanical ventilation (4 ± 2 vs 3 ± 1; P < .001). We conclude that mEGOS and EGOS are clinically useful and relevant to the Malaysian GBS population but not in patients with classic MFS. EGRIS could be used to predict the need for mechanical ventilation in our local GBS patients. 相似文献
64.
N. Joan Abbott Adjanie A.K. Patabendige Diana E.M. Dolman Siti R. Yusof David J. Begley 《Neurobiology of disease》2010,37(1):13-25
Neural signalling within the central nervous system (CNS) requires a highly controlled microenvironment. Cells at three key interfaces form barriers between the blood and the CNS: the blood–brain barrier (BBB), blood–CSF barrier and the arachnoid barrier. The BBB at the level of brain microvessel endothelium is the major site of blood–CNS exchange. The structure and function of the BBB is summarised, the physical barrier formed by the endothelial tight junctions, and the transport barrier resulting from membrane transporters and vesicular mechanisms. The roles of associated cells are outlined, especially the endfeet of astrocytic glial cells, and pericytes and microglia. The embryonic development of the BBB, and changes in pathology are described. The BBB is subject to short and long-term regulation, which may be disturbed in pathology. Any programme for drug discovery or delivery, to target or avoid the CNS, needs to consider the special features of the BBB. 相似文献
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Harmin Sulistiyaning Titah Siti Rozaimah Sheikh Abdullah Idris Mushrifah Nurina Anuar Hassan Basri Muhammad Mukhlisin 《Bulletin of environmental contamination and toxicology》2013,90(6):714-719
Wilting, especially of the leaves, was observed as an initial symptom of arsenate [As(V)] to Ludwigia octovalvis (Jacq.) P. H. Raven. The plants tolerated As(V) levels of 39 mg kg?1 for as long as 35 days of exposure. After 91 days, the maximum concentration of As uptake in the plant occurred at As(V) concentration of 65 mg kg?1 while As concentration in the stems, roots and leaves were 6139.9 ± 829.5, 1284.5 ± 242.9 and 1126.1 ± 117.2 mg kg?1, respectively. In conclusion, As(V) could cause toxic effects in L. octovalvis and the plants could uptake and accumulate As in plant tissues. 相似文献
68.
Siti Zumaroh Achmad Syahrani Alistair L. Wilkins 《Journal of Asian natural products research》2013,15(2):161-168
Abstract 3-O-[β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1″ → 2′)-β-D-glucopyranosyl], 27-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(25R)-spirost-5-ene-3β,27-diol was isolated from cell suspension cultures of Costus speciosus, following incubation with diosgenin, and its structure was elucidated using a combination of one- and two-dimensional 1H and 13C NMR spectral data, and positive and negative ion ESMS spectral data. 相似文献
69.
Roslan A. Rahman Haizal M. Hussaini Normastura A. Rahman Siti R. A. Rahman Ghazali M. Nor Sharifah M. AI Idrus Roszalina Ramli 《European journal of trauma and emergency surgery》2007,33(1):90-95
Abstract
Objective: The objective of this study was to determine the demographic data as well as other relevant data pertaining to the management
of patients with maxillofacial injury in a Malaysian government regional hospital.
Study Design: Medical records of 313 patients who sustained maxillofacial injury treated in Kajang Hospital, Selangor, Malaysia over a 5-year
period (1998–2002) were collected. Data regarding age, gender and race, etiology of injury, site of injury, other associated
injuries and treatment undertaken were analyzed.
Results: Two hundred and forty-nine male (79.6%) and 64 female patients (20.4%) were treated for maxillofacial trauma. The patients'
age range from 1 to 67 years old, with a median age of 23 years old. A high number of Malays (60.1%) sustained maxillofacial
injury, followed by Indians (16%), Chinese (13.4%) and other races (10.5%). Road traffic accident was the main etiology for
maxillofacial injury with 230 cases (73.5%), followed by fall (16.6%), assault (5.4%), industrial accident (2.6%), sports
injuries (0.6%) and others (1.3%). Mandibular fractures were the most common, occurring in 83.1% of the cases while the midfacial
fractures accounted for 16.9%. Majority of patients were treated with closed reduction and intermaxillary fixation (88.1%)
and 11.9% underwent open reduction and internal fixation.
Conclusion: Road traffic accident involving motorcyclists was the main cause of maxillofacial trauma in Malaysia. The most common facial
fracture was the mandibular fracture. Non-surgical manipulation of fracture was the most common treatment carried out in this
hospital. 相似文献
70.
应用国产JT-ESWL-Ⅲ型碎石机治疗小儿上尿道结石14例,其中双肾结石2例,输尿管结石4例;结石大小5mm×4mm~50mm×35mm;78%患者在肌注安定镇痛药下行碎石治疗,避免了全麻的副作用。所有结石均完全粉碎,无严重并发症,1个月结石排空率为92%。认为体外震波碎石不仅可用于门诊小儿上尿道结石的碎石治疗,而且可用于治疗小儿复杂性、多发性肾结石。 相似文献