基于正交设计的黄池沟退水道弯道体型优化的数值模拟分析

为探求黄池沟退水道弯道的合理体型,采用正交设计与数值模拟相结合的方法研究了体型参数对弯道水流的影响。选取弯道宽度、弯道曲率半径、纵向坡度3个主要影响参数按正交试验设计,确定了9组正交试验方案,利用经水工模型试验结果验证的数学模型对正交试验方案进行模拟,分析了体型参数对弯道及下游陡坡段横向水位差的影响。结果表明,3个体型参数影响作用由大到小依次为纵向坡度、弯道宽度和弯道曲率半径;坡度为显著影响因素,且平坡最佳,弯道曲率半径和弯道宽度影响不显著,据此推荐合理体型参数为坡度取0,弯道宽度和弯道曲率半径采用原设计值。     

全桥拓朴隔离式开关电源主变压器磁设计

全桥拓朴结构的隔离式开关电源能在较小的尺寸下实现较高的功率变换,是高功率密度电源的重要电路结构,其高频主变压器磁心一般选择低损耗功率锰锌软磁铁氧体材料,其设计对电源的尺寸、性能有显著影响.磁设计的目的是用尽可能小的磁心传输尽可能高的功率,但受到两个限制性条件的制约,即磁心的发热和磁饱和.在散热充分的情况下,限制性条件就是磁饱和了.磁心参数设计多采用AP值公式,但目前的几个计算公式都存在一些缺点,要么计算不够准确,要么计算过于复杂不便工程应用.从全桥变压器基本原理出发,将一个工作周期分成了四个时间段.根据各时段的电流大小、方向所对应的磁工作状态,推演了磁心参数计算公式,并用一个实例进行了验证.     

Debinding injection molded materials by melt wicking

For metal and ceramic injection molding procedures which use wax binders in the production of powder-based parts, melt wicking is commonly employed to debind the components prior to sintering. Because debinding is often a time-consuming procedure, the influence of such process variables as powder size, part height, green density and temperature have been investigated to reduce the amount of time required for debinding by melt wicking.     

离子束增强沉积氮化硅膜及TiAl抗高温氧化性能的改善

用离子束增强沉积（ＩＢＥＤ）方法在金属间化合物ＴｉＡｌ上合成厚度为０．５，１，和２μｍ的氮化硅薄膜。所形成的薄膜为非晶态，膜与基底间存在混合的过渡区，膜与基底结合紧密用ＡＥＳ，ＸＲＤ和ＸＰＳ研究薄膜的组成和结构，高温循环氧化结果表明，经沉积膜的ＴｉＡｌ试样的抗氧化性能显著提高其中沉积０．５μｍ薄膜的试样表现出极好的抗循环氧化性能由ＳＥＭ及ＥＤＳ分析得出，良好的高温稳定性能、高的膜／基底结合力和形成富Ａｌ２Ｏ３和硅化物的保护层是提高ＴｉＡｌ抗高温氧化性能的主要因素．     

黄河内蒙古段干流沉积物中砷含量及形态研究

为探明黄河内蒙古段沉积物中砷含量及形态分布特征,采集黄河内蒙古段干流柱状沉积物,采用HNO4-H2SO4-HCl O4法消解沉积物样品,提取沉积物中吸附型砷(A-As)、铝型砷(Al-As)、铁型砷(Fe-As)、钙型砷(CaAs)、包蔽型砷(O-As)5种形态砷,并采用氢化物发生原子荧光分光光度法测定砷含量。结果表明:黄河内蒙古段干流柱状沉积物中砷含量为7.123~16.661 mg/kg,平均为9.292 mg/kg;从整体上看,左岸沉积物砷含量高于右岸,随深度增加砷含量呈下降趋势,从上游至下游砷含量在黑柳子段出现高值;黄河内蒙古段沉积物中砷以Ca-As为主,O-As次之;随着深度的增加,总体上,Ca-As含量略有升高,A-As和O-As含量有所下降,Al-As和Fe-As含量基本不变。     

Three-dimensional automated nanoparticle tracking using Mie scattering in an optical microscope

The forward scattering of light in a conventional inverted optical microscope by nanoparticles ranging in diameter from 10 to 50nm has been used to automatically and quantitatively identify and track their location in three-dimensions with a temporal resolution of 200ms. The standard deviation of the location of nominally stationary 50-nm-diameter nanoparticles was found to be about 50nm along the light path and about 5nm in the plane perpendicular to the light path. The method is based on oscillating the microscope objective along the light path using a piezo actuator and acquiring images with the condenser aperture closed to a minimum to enhance the effects of diffraction. Data processing in the time and spatial domains allowed the location of particles to be obtained automatically so that the technique has potential applications both in the processing of nanoparticles and in their use in a variety of fields including nanobiotechnology, pharmaceuticals and food processing where a simple optical microscope maybe preferred for a variety of reasons.     

积石峡水电站溢洪道堰闸段工程中锚索测力计的应用

文章简述了积石峡水电站溢洪道堰闸段锚索测力计的设计布置、率定检验、安装方法及张拉过程中对测力计的观测等方面,以加强锚索测力计在锚索张拉施工过程中的质量控制。     

Mice deficient for 5-lipoxygenase, but not leukocyte-type 12-lipoxygenase, display altered immune responses during infection with Schistosoma mansoni

Periovular granuloma formation during Schistosoma mansoni infection is a complex, multifaceted immunologic response. Products of arachidonic acid metabolism have been shown to contribute to this response through studies in which general inhibitors of lipoxygenase function reduce granulomatous inflammation. To determine which lipoxygenases are important for granuloma development in schistosomiasis, wild type mice or mice deficient for 5-lipoxygenase (5-LO) or "leukocyte-type" 12-lipoxygenase (12-LO) were infected with S. mansoni and studied for responses to schistosome eggs and egg antigens. At the acute stage of infection, when granuloma formation is usually maximal, 5-LO deficient mice developed smaller granulomas around liver-deposited schistosome eggs compared with wild type or 12-LO deficient mice. 5-LO mice also displayed less antibody-mediated (5 h) and cell-mediated, delayed-type (24 h) hypersensitivity to schistosome egg antigens than did the other two infection groups. In an attempt to determine possible mechanisms for the reduced inflammatory responses, we also measured hepatic mRNA levels of cytokines that have been shown to influence granuloma size (IL-4, IL-10, and IFN-gamma). The mRNA levels for IL-10 were significantly lower in 5-LO-deficient mice, but SEA-stimulated spleen cells did not demonstrate a significant difference in IL-10 production between wild type and 5-LO mice. These data suggest that 5-LO plays a role in host responses to schistosomiasis via a mechanism that cannot be explained solely by changes in expression of these cytokines.     

Lobectomy combined with volume reduction for patients with lung cancer and advanced emphysema

Methanol-induced conformational transitions of hen egg white lysozyme were investigated with a combined use of far- and near-UV CD and NMR spectroscopies, ANS binding and small-angle X-ray scattering. Addition of methanol induced no global change in the native conformation itself, but induced a transition from the native state to the denatured state which was highly cooperative, as shown by the coincidence of transition curves monitored by the far- and near-UV CD spectroscopy, by isodichroic points in the far- and near-UV CD spectra and by the concomitant disappearance of individual 1H NMR signals of the native state. The ANS binding experiments could detect no intermediate conformer similar to the molten globule state in the process of the methanol denaturation. However, at high concentration of methanol, e.g., 60% (v/v) methanol/water, a highly helical state (H) was realized. The H state had a helical content much higher than the native state, monitored by far-UV CD spectroscopy, and had no specific tertiary structure, monitored both by near-UV CD and NMR spectroscopy. The radius of gyration in the H state, 24.9 angstroms, was significantly larger than that in the native state (15.7 angstroms). The Kratky plot for the H state did not show a clear peak and was quite similar to that for the urea-denatured state, indicating a complete lack of globularity. Thus we conclude that the H state has a considerably expanded, flexible broken rod-like conformation which is clearly distinguishable from the "molten globule" state. The stability of both N and H states depends on pH and methanol concentration. Thus a phase diagram involving N and H was constructed.