Low-molecular-weight polyolefins as petrochemical raw materials

Translated from Khimiya i Tekhnologiya Topliv i Masel, No. 3, pp. 32–34, March, 1995.     

Effect of qualitatively varying nutrition on the protein metabolic indices of young men during exams

Protein nutrition was corrected in young males (19-20 years) during examinations: the quota of animal protein was increased by 50% at the expense of milk protein which comprised 50% of animal proteins, as compared to 15% in routine diets, the protein consumption being 0.55 g/100 kcal (4184 kJ)/kg bw, assimilability was 91.8%. The protein correction promoted the maintaining of the nitrogenous equilibrium. However, the levels of urea excretion and urea coefficient were significantly higher than those observed during current studies. The results of the investigation evidence that 110 g protein is a minimum requirement during the examination stress, the assimilability is to be 91-92%, with the energy value of diets comprising 3000 kcal (or 0.55 g protein/1000 kcal/kg bw). A maximum protein value necessary for such contingent during examinations could be 125 g/3000 kcal/day, assimilability being 91-92%, or 0.62 g protein/1000 kcal/kg bw.     

Stages of acquisition and cessation for adolescent smoking: an empirical integration

Adolescent cigarette smoking acquisition and cessation were integrated into a single nine-stages-of-change continuum using the transtheoretical model of change framework. Findings in a high school student sample (n > 700) showed that a few of the never smokers were planning to try smoking, and half of the current smokers were contemplating quitting. More than half of former smokers were long-term quitters. The high pros of smoking scores assessing coping benefits of cigarettes were related to smoking acquisition and the high con (disadvantages) scores to long-term abstinence. Never smokers were most tempted to try smoking when they anticipated that smoking would help reduce negative and increase positive mood. Current and former smokers were tempted due to peer cigarette offers and negative mood. These temptations were significantly reduced among ex-smokers.     

Development of a Theoretical Model for the Shear and Compression of Cotton Fiber Mass in the Working Chamber of a Ginning Machine

Fibre Chemistry - The article presents the results obtained in the development of a theoretical model for the compression and shear of cotton fiber mass in the working chamber of a ginning machine....     

The aged suprachiasmatic nucleus is phase-shifted by cAMP in vitro

The cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) analog, 8-bromo-cAMP, phase advanced circadian neuronal rhythms in both aged and adult rat suprachiasmatic nuclei (SCN) by approximately 2 h in vitro. Rhythm amplitude was 20% lower in aged compared to adult SCN. The diminished efficacy of serotonergic agonists to phase shift behavioral rhythms of aged animals may be due to decrements in signal transduction mechanisms proximal to cAMP.     

Synthesis and characterization of hyperbranched and air drying fatty acid based resins

In this research four hyperbranched resins having fatty acid residues were synthesized. Dipentaerythritol, which was used as the core molecule of the resins, was twice esterified with dimethylol propionic acid. This resin was then esterified with the castor oil fatty acids. The hydroxyl group present in the ricinoleic acid which constitutes almost 87% of the castor oil fatty acids was then reacted with linseed oil fatty acids and benzoic acid. The linseed fatty acids were incorporated into the structure to esterify 0, 15, and 70% of the ricinoleic acid on mole basis. These resins were named as HBR-1, 2, and 3. A fourth resin (e.g. HBR-4) was synthesized by the incorporation of ‘15% linseed fatty acids + 55% benzoic acid’. The chemical characterization of the resins was achieved by FTIR spectroscopy and the thermal properties were determined by DSC. The physical and the mechanical properties of the resins were determined. The hardness value of the resins was measured as 24, 27, 25, and 68 Persoz for HBR-1, 2, 3, and 4, respectively. The viscosity of the resins was measured as 17.3, 9.7, 5.8, and 17.5 Pa·s at a shear rate of 200 s⁻¹. The increase in the amount of the linseed fatty acids increased the hardness, and decreased the viscosity of the resins. All resins showed excellent adhesion, gloss, and flexibility.