Cataloging altered gene expression in young and senescent cells using enhanced differential display

Recently, a novel PCR-based technique, differential display (DD), has facilitated the study of differentially expressed genes at the mRNA level. We report here an improved version of DD, which we call Enhanced Differential Display (EDD). We have modified the technique to enhance reproducibility and to facilitate sequencing and cloning. Using EDD, we have generated and verified a catalog of genes that are differentially expressed between young and senescent human diploid fibroblasts (HDF). From 168 genetags that were identified initially, 84 could be sequenced directly from PCR amplified bands. These sequences represent 27 known genes and 37 novel genes. By Northern blot analysis we have confirmed the differential expression of a total of 23 genes (12 known, 11 novel), while 19 (seven known, 12 novel) did not show differential expression. Several of the known genes were previously observed by others to be differentially expressed between young and senescent fibroblasts, thereby validating the technique.     

A model for lock-in growth in ring laser gyroscopes

The lock-in range of a ring laser gyroscope has been shown to increase with the time T_p spent in a “locked” state. New measurements show a recovery proportional to (t/T_p)^-1/2 after the gyro is unlocked. A model based on an absorption grating, formed by small polaron hopping, gives good agreement if diffusion away from grain boundaries is included     

Misoprostol protection against acetaminophen-induced hepatotoxicity in the rat

The hepatoprotective effects of misoprostol on acetaminophen (APAP)-induced toxicity were studied in the rat. Liver injury was evaluated at 36 hr after APAP administration by measuring serum ornithine carbamoyltransferase (OCT) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels, by using tetranitroblue tetrazolium (TNBT) staining and by histological analysis. After APAP administration, peak serum levels of the drug were detected at 15 min. Liver GSH was depleted from control levels of 448 +/- 48 micrograms/g to 82 +/- 2 micrograms/g (P < 0.01) within 3 hr. Serum ALT levels increased significantly after 16 hr and H&E staining revealed significant hepatic necrosis after 12 hr. Rats treated with misoprostol before and after APAP administration showed reduced OCT and ALT levels at 36 hr of overdose (454 +/- 446 IU/liter and 2571 +/- 2944 IU/liter, respectively) compared to those without misoprostol treatment (1348 +/- 480 IU/liter and 6077 +/- 3025 IU/liter, respectively, P < 0.01). TNBT staining showed a reduced area of damage from 28.6 +/- 22.3% to 7.3 +/- 8.9% (P < 0.01), and H&E staining also showed less extensive hepatic necrosis in rats treated with misoprostol before and after the overdose. In a time sequence study, misoprostol treatment starting within 10 hr of overdose showed the same protective effect as when it was given before and after APAP ingestion. No protection was detected when the treatment was started during the development of hepatic injury. However, misoprostol given when injury was established seemed to be protective. Our results show that misoprostol protects the liver against APAP-induced injury if given within 10 hr of overdose.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)     

Role of intrahypothalamic insulin in circadian patterns of food intake, activity, and body temperature.

Examined the extent to which chronic intrahypothalamic (IH) insulin infusions that alter circadian patterns of food intake (FIN) affect the regulation of other diurnally varying behavior in the rat. One-week IH insulin infusion (1.5 μU/hr) significantly decreases rats' night FIN and increases day FIN but does not alter the diurnal pattern of activity. Mean daily core temperature increased slightly but significantly during insulin infusion, the daily peak of the body temperature rhythm did not shift significantly, and the daily range of body temperature increased. IH insulin infusion in rats living in constant light and thus without circadian rhythm of FIN led to significant decreases in FIN and body weight. These data support the conclusion that IH insulin infusion alters FIN and body weight through a specific effect on a neural system that regulates FIN and body weight, and not by altering circadian rhythms. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

通过高级C模型验证管理设计的复杂性

嵌入式系统设计复杂性的增加，以及产品生命周期的缩短和竞争态势的加强，将嵌入式设计技术不断推向极限。复杂设计包含更多器件以及更强的互操作性，因此需要更多仿真、更高吞吐量以及更好的综合测试。为解决复杂性问题，在设计过程中，设计团队需要量另外一套方法，以减少系统验证运行时     

Upset Testing of LSI Devices

A program is outlined to determine the lowest radiation upset levels or digital LSI devices. Upset levels can be sensitive to input conditions and an efficient strategy of testing is described, together with powerful instrumentation which meets the above objective. Some upsets can be internal to the device and found only by clocking through to an output. This instrumentation determines if upsets exist by comparison of outputs of device(s) under test with outputs of an unexposed (reference) device.