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91.
We have developed a computerized neuromuscular monitoring system (NMMS) using commercially available subsystems, i.e., computer
equipment, clinical nerve stimulator, force transducer, and strip-chart recorder. This NMMS was developed for acquisition
and analysis of data for research and teaching purposes. Computer analysis of the muscle response to stimulation allows graphic
and numeric presentation of the twitch response and calculated ratios. Since the system can store and recall data, research
data can be accessed for analysis and graphic presentation. An IBM PC/AT computer is used as the central controller and data
processor. The computer controls timing of the nerve stimulator output, initiates data acquisition, and adjusts the paper
speed of the strip chart recorder. The data processing functions include establishing control response values (when no neuromuscular
blockade is present), displaying force versus time and calculated data graphically and numerically, and storing these data
for further analysis. The general purpose nature of the computer and strip chart recording equipment allow modification of
the system primarily by changes in software. For example, new patterns of nerve stimulation, such as the posttetanic count,
can be programmed into the computer system along with appropriate data display and analysis routines. The NMMS has functioned
well in the operating room environment. We have had no episodes of electrocautery interference with the computer functions.
The automated features have enhanced the utility of the NMMS. The prime advantages of this system are (1) the ability to customize
its features by altering its controlling programs, (2) the ready availability of the hardware and software, (3) the general
purpose nature of the system, so that it is not limited to this one application, and (4) the adaptable nature of the system. 相似文献
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G Bradley T J Ward J C White J Coleman A Taylor K F Rhodes 《Journal of medicinal chemistry》1992,35(9):1515-1520
A series of benzoylureas derived from bicycle amines were prepared and evaluated for 5-HT3 antagonist activity on the rat isolated vagus nerve. From among these compounds, those analogues which were ortho substituted by an alkoxy group on the benzoyl function were shown to be potent 5-HT3 antagonists with similar or greater potency than the standard agent ondansetron. NMR and X-ray crystallography studies showed these o-alkoxy compounds to exist as a planar, hydrogen-bonded, tricyclic ring system. In molecular modeling studies on endo-N-[[(8-methyl-8-azabicyclo[3.2.1]octan-3-yl-amino] carbonyl]-2-(cyclopropylmethoxy)benzamide (30) the central hydrogen-bonded ring was able to mimic an aromatic ring present in previously reported 5-HT3 antagonists. 相似文献
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Acute hypertensive responses during nitrous oxide-opioid-relaxant anesthesia are a common clinical problem. In adult men undergoing radical prostatectomy procedures and anesthetized with a standardized technique, we evaluated the effectiveness of alfentanil, isoflurane, and trimethaphan in treating acute hemodynamic and stress hormone responses to surgical stimulation. Stress hormone concentrations were measured 1 min before skin incision, after the onset of an acute hypertensive response, and after returning the mean arterial pressure to within 10% of the preincision values with one of the three treatment modalities. Pretreatment plasma alfentanil concentrations (151 +/- 47 to 156 +/- 47 ng.ml-1) and end-tidal nitrous oxide concentrations (66 +/- 2 to 68 +/- 2%) were similar in all three groups. Acute hypertensive events were associated with significantly increased concentrations of catecholamines and vasopressin (antidiuretic hormone [ADH]). Whereas intravenous alfentanil returned all hormone concentrations to preincision values, norepinephrine and glucose concentrations were significantly increased after adjunctive isoflurane administration. Although trimethaphan decreased the norepinephrine concentration, the epinephrine, beta-endorphin, cortisol, ADH, and glucose concentrations were significantly increased compared to preincision values. However, the persistent elevation in the posttreatment ADH concentration in the trimethaphan group was the only significant difference between the three groups. Mean (+/- standard deviation) times to awakening (2.8 +/- 3.3 to 3.8 +/- 4.2 min), extubation (8.1 +/- 4.8 to 10.3 +/- 8.5 min), and orientation (19.6 +/- 20.4 to 24.6 +/- 19.1 min) were similar in all three groups. Naloxone was required more frequently in patients in the alfentanil (35%) and isoflurane (24%) groups than in the trimethaphan group (4%).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS) 相似文献
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Neuropsychological tests of frontal lobe functions were undertaken in 46 chronic schizophrenic patients who were also rated for movement disorders. Tardive dyskinesia was found to have significant associations with most of these psychological tests. The possible mechanisms are discussed within the context of known neostriatal psychological functions. 相似文献