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91.
92.
Anthony S Gunnell Nathalie Ylitalo Sven Sandin P?r Sparén H-O Adami Samuli Ripatti 《Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention》2007,16(12):2641-2648
BACKGROUND: Organized Papanicolaou (Pap) screening has markedly reduced the incidence of cervical squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). However, the potential for overtreatment of precursor lesions is quite high for SCC, and the effectiveness of Pap screening for prevention of cervical adenocarcinoma is questionable. METHODS: Using the nationwide, virtually complete Swedish Cancer Register, we analyzed standardized incidence rates for SCC in situ (CIS), SCC, adenocarcinoma in situ (AIS) and adenocarcinoma, between 1968 and 2002. For each county, we calculated Spearman correlations between incidence of in situ lesions and incidence of invasive cancer, 5, 10, and 15 years later. We also used generalized estimating equation (GEE) models to compare adjusted estimates for associations between in situ incidences and invasive carcinomas over counties. RESULTS: The overall decrease in SCC incidence in Sweden following the introduction of cervical screening confirms the beneficial nature of cervical screening on SCC incidence over the last 30 years. A similar benefit was not apparent for adenocarcinoma. GEE estimates for the relative change in SCC for an increase of 100 CIS cases per 100,000 women-years were 1.05 for the 5-year and 1.02 for the 10-year lag periods. For adenocarcinoma and AIS, similar analyses gave corresponding estimates of 1.17 for the 5-year and 1.08 for the 10-year lag periods. The lack of an inverse correlation suggests that increased reported incidence of CIS in certain counties did not forecast a reduction in SCC for those counties. CONCLUSION: Our data confirm the effectiveness of Pap smear screening in reducing the incidence of SCC, but suggest no clear benefit on adenocarcinoma. Our data also suggest that relaxed histopathologic criteria for diagnosis of cervical CIS may increase its recorded incidence with no measurable benefit in the reduction of invasive cancer. 相似文献
93.
ABSTRACT. In jaundiced newborn infants, hemolytic disease is considered a risk factor for kernicterus due to the suspected competition between bilirubin and other hemoglobin breakdown products for albumin binding. We have studied the effect of hematin on bilirubin-albumin binding using the peroxidase assay and a light-scattering technique for measuring unbound bilirubin. Our results show that hematin does not affect bilirubin-albumin binding. To determine if other albumin binding functions are affected by hematin, we used a microdialysis rate technique employing two ligands, diazepam and monoacetyldiaminodiphenyl sulfone (MADDS). Hematin does not utilize the diazepam binding function of albumin, but does decrease the albumin binding of MADDS. The results of this study indicate that the MADDS and bilirubin binding functions are not identical. The clinical usefulness of reserve albumin equivalent determination using MADDS is discussed. 相似文献
94.
Mads Melbye Hans-Olov Adami Henrik Hjalgrim Bengt Glimelius 《Acta oncologica (Stockholm, Sweden)》1996,35(6):655-657
In the beginning of this century, a Danish dermatologist, Professor Niels Finsen, received the Nobel Prize for his showing of the beneficial effects of UV-light on certain skin diseases. We have subsequently learned that UV-light is far from being only beneficial to our health. UV-light is an important risk factor for malignant melanoma and squamous cell carcinoma of the skin (1). Furthermore, UV-light appears to have immunosuppressive effects, not only on the local skin, but on the immune system in general (2-4). Recently, it was suggested that UV-light may also increase the risk of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) (5, 6). 相似文献
95.
Adami GF Civalleri D Cella F Marinari G Camerini G Papadia F Scopinaro N 《Obesity surgery》2002,12(5):623-627
Background: The authors evaluated the relationship between leptin and the clinical, anthropometric and metabolic variables
connected to the metabolic syndrome in obese individuals. Methods: A large group of patients with different degrees of obesity
was investigated: body mass index (BMI) values, serum leptin, fasting glucose and insulin, triglycerides and HDL-cholesterol
concentrations, insulin resistance index and blood pressure were measured. Results: On multiple regression analysis, serum
leptin levels appeared to be positively correlated to the BMI and to the serum HDL-cholesterol concentration. Principal component
factor analysis revealed three factors, explaining 61.3% of the total variance of the sample. General features of these factors
were: factor 1 - BMI values and serum leptin and fasting glucose concentration; factor 2 - systolic and diastolic blood pressure
and serum triglycerides and HDL-cholesterol concentration; factor 3 - fasting serum insulin concentration and insulin resistance
index. Conclusions: In obese subjects multiple factors underlie the metabolic syndrome and therefore more than one mechanism
may account for the clustering characteristics. In obese patients leptin loads only one factor, and therefore leptin does
not appear to be a key feature in the metabolic syndrome. On the contrary, multiple correlation and factor analysis data give
rise to the hypothesis that in obese patients, leptin may play a protective role against cardiovascular risk. 相似文献
96.
Tetrasomy 15q11-q13 identified by fluorescence in situ hybridization in a patient with autistic disorder 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Silva AE Vayego-Lourenco SA Fett-Conte AC Goloni-Bertollo EM Varella-Garcia M 《Arquivos de neuro-psiquiatria》2002,60(2-A):290-294
We report a female child with tetrasomy of the 15q11-q13 chromosomal region, and autistic disorder associated with mental retardation, developmental problems and behavioral disorders. Combining classical and molecular cytogenetic approaches by fluorescence in situ hybridization technique, the karyotype was demonstrated as 47,XX,+mar.ish der(15)(D15Z1++,D15S11++,GABRB3++,PML-). Duplication of the 15q proximal segment represents the most consistent chromosomal abnormality reported in association with autism. The contribution of the GABA receptor subunit genes, and other genes mapped to this region, to the clinical symptoms of the disease is discussed. 相似文献
97.
Use of diffusion weighted MRI to predict the occurrence and severity of hemorrhagic transformation in a rabbit model of embolic stroke 总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8
Alpha-synuclein is a brain presynaptic protein that is linked to familiar early onset Parkinson's disease and it is also a major component of Lewy bodies in sporadic Parkinson's disease and other neurodegenerative disorders. Alpha-synuclein expression increases in substantia nigra of both MPTP-treated rodents and non-human primates, used as animal models of parkinsonism. Here we describe an increase in alpha-synuclein expression in a human neuroblastoma cell line, SH-SY5Y, caused by 5-100 microM MPP+, the active metabolite of MPTP, which induces apoptosis in SH-SY5Y cells after a 4-day treatment. We also analysed the activation of the MAPK family, which is involved in several cellular responses to toxins and stressing conditions. Parallel to the increase in alpha-synuclein expression we observed activation of MEK1,2 and ERK/MAPK but not of SAPK/JNK or p38 kinase. The inhibition of the ERK/MAPK pathway with U0126, however, did not affect the increase in alpha-synuclein. The highest increase in alpha-synuclein (more than threefold) in 4-day cultures was found in adherent cells treated with low concentrations of MPP+ (5 microM). Inhibition of ERK/MAPK reduced the damage caused by MPP+. We suggest that alpha-synuclein increase and ERK/MAPK activation have a prominent role in the cell mechanisms of rescue and damage, respectively, after MPP+ -treatment. 相似文献
98.
99.
Energy and Nitrogen Absorption after Biliopancreatic Diversion 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
Scopinaro N Marinari GM Pretolesi F Papadia F Murelli F Marini P Adami GF 《Obesity surgery》2000,10(5):436-441
Background: The strict long-term weight maintenance in good nutritional conditions observed after biliopancreatic diversion
(BPD) needs to be explained. Materials and Methods: 15 operated subjects were maintained at an isoenergetic and isonitrogenic
diet as similar as possible to their usual diet. Apparent absorption (AA) of energy, fat, nitrogen and calcium was calculated
subtracting the fecal content, measured directly, from the oral intake, derived from tables.The alimentary protein absorption
was directly determined by I125 albumin oral administration. Results: Mean AA for energy and fat was 57% and 32%, respectively; AAs were unrelated as absolute
value and negatively associated as percent of the intake with the energy and fat intake. I125 intestinal absorption was 73%, while nitrogen percent AA was 57%, indicating higher than normal loss of endogenous nitrogen.
Calcium AA was 551 mEq/day, 26% of the intake. A positive correlation between nitrogen and calcium AA as absolute values and
alimentary intake was observed, while there was no correlation when AA were considered as per cent of the intake. Conclusions:
For energy and fat, an increase in intake corresponds to an increase in percent malabsorption, so that the absolute amount
absorbed tends to remain constant, accounting for the excellent weight maintenance observed following BPD. This was confirmed
by a long-term hypernutrition study after BPD. On the contrary, for nitrogen and calcium, the percent absorption tends to
remain constant when intake varies, so that an increase in alimentary intake results in an increased absolute amount absorbed. 相似文献
100.
OBJECTIVE: To assess whether a quantitative analysis of the severity of the early perfusion deficit on MRI in acute ischemic stroke predicts the evolution of the perfusion/diffusion mismatch and to determine thresholds of hypoperfusion that can distinguish between critical and noncritical hypoperfusion. METHODS: Patients with acute ischemic stroke were studied in whom perfusion-weighted imaging (PWI) and diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI MRI) were performed within 7 hours of symptom onset and again after 4 to 7 days. Patients with early important decreases in points on the NIH Stroke Scale were excluded. Maps of cerebral blood flow (CBF), cerebral blood volume (CBV), and mean transit time (MTT) were created. These hemodynamic parameters were correlated with the degree of recruitment of the baseline PWI lesion by the DWI lesion. RESULTS: Twelve patients had an initial PWI > DWI mismatch of >20%. A linear relationship was observed between the initial MTT and the degree of recruitment of the baseline PWI lesion by the DWI lesion at follow-up (R(2) = 0.9, p < 0.001). Higher CBV values were associated with higher degrees of recruitment (rho = 0.732, p < 0.007). The volume of MTT of >4 (R(2) = 0.86, p < 0.001) or >6 seconds (R(2) = 0.85, p < 0.001) predicted final infarct size. CONCLUSION: Among patients who have had an acute stroke with PWI > DWI, who do not have dramatic early clinical improvement, the degree of expansion of the initial DWI lesion correlates with the severity of the initial perfusion deficit as measured by the mean transit time and the cerebral blood volume. 相似文献