52种胶粘剂有害化学物成分及其含量分析

目的对市售及生产、使用胶粘剂样品有害化学物含量进行测定分析,为制定胶粘剂行业职业病防治措施提供科学依据。方法随机采集市售以及制鞋和箱包企业生产、使用的胶粘剂样品,用气相色谱分析方法分析其有害化学物含量。结果检测胶粘剂52种,其中41种含有各种有害化学物,占检测胶粘剂的78%。胶粘剂中苯、甲苯、正己烷、三氯乙烯检出率分别为34.62%、51.92%、48.08%和7.69%;超标率分别为15.38%、30.77%、7.69%和3.85%;含量范围分别为0.04～865.16、0.84～734.9、0.89～338.95及2.19～52.05gkg;平均含量分别为(175.46±287.35)、(290.82±243.75)、(58.83±85.97)及(36.91±38.17)gkg。个别标识为绿色环保型胶粘剂的甲苯、正己烷含量也明显高出国家最低限量标准。绝大多数的胶粘剂往往是多种有害化学物混合存在。国产胶粘剂有害化学物含量明显高于进口胶粘剂。结论一些胶粘剂产品含有的有害化学物含量大大超出国家限量标准,个别产品甚至由纯正己烷、苯或甲苯作为溶剂。为确保劳动者健康,应进一步加大监管力度,尽快制定相应行业胶粘剂中化学物质的限量标准。     

血液灌流对硫线磷和硫酸阿托品的吸附作用

Objective To study on adsorption effect of cadusafos and atropine sulfate by hemoperfusion.Method Hemoperfusions were performed for sheep blood samples with cadusafos and atropineby through imitated extracorporeal closed circulating perfusion apparatus.Residual cadusafos was determined by gas chromatography and residual atropine was determined by high performance liquid chromatography.Result Dose of adsorption agent was 0.5,1.0 and 1.5 g,respectively.Two hours after hemoperfusion with membrane coated activated charcoal,clearance rate of cadusafos in 3 groups all exceeded 90%.and clearance rate of atropine sulfate was 61.9%,84.9%,88.9%,respectively.One and a half hours after hemoperfusion with HA230 absorption resin,clearance rate of eadusafos in 3 groups all exceeded 90%,and clearance rate of atropine sulfate was 88.0%,97.2%,98.4%,respectively.Three hours after hemoperfusion with membrane coated activated charcoal,The concentration ratio of cadusafos and atropine sulfate in blood promoted to 10.1 times,and the ratio was 6.7 times after hemoperfusion with HA230 absorption resin.Conclusion It suggested that cadusafos were mostly removed from blood after 1.5～2.0hours hemoperfusion with membrane activated charcoal or HA230 absorption resin.The concentration ratio of cadusafos and atropine sulfate in blood will increased after hemoperfusion.     

血液灌流对硫线磷和硫酸阿托品的吸附作用

Objective To study on adsorption effect of cadusafos and atropine sulfate by hemoperfusion.Method Hemoperfusions were performed for sheep blood samples with cadusafos and atropineby through imitated extracorporeal closed circulating perfusion apparatus.Residual cadusafos was determined by gas chromatography and residual atropine was determined by high performance liquid chromatography.Result Dose of adsorption agent was 0.5,1.0 and 1.5 g,respectively.Two hours after hemoperfusion with membrane coated activated charcoal,clearance rate of cadusafos in 3 groups all exceeded 90%.and clearance rate of atropine sulfate was 61.9%,84.9%,88.9%,respectively.One and a half hours after hemoperfusion with HA230 absorption resin,clearance rate of eadusafos in 3 groups all exceeded 90%,and clearance rate of atropine sulfate was 88.0%,97.2%,98.4%,respectively.Three hours after hemoperfusion with membrane coated activated charcoal,The concentration ratio of cadusafos and atropine sulfate in blood promoted to 10.1 times,and the ratio was 6.7 times after hemoperfusion with HA230 absorption resin.Conclusion It suggested that cadusafos were mostly removed from blood after 1.5～2.0hours hemoperfusion with membrane activated charcoal or HA230 absorption resin.The concentration ratio of cadusafos and atropine sulfate in blood will increased after hemoperfusion.     

胶粘剂中有害成分含量的气相色谱测定法

目的　建立适用于胶粘剂中苯、甲苯、二甲苯、正己烷和三氯乙烯含量的分析方法。方法用二甲基甲酰胺溶解胶粘剂样品 ,用键和聚乙二醇毛细管色谱柱、氢火焰检测器气相色谱法对主要有害化合物进行分离 ,保留时间定性 ,峰面积定量 ,并用气相色谱 -质谱方法对定性的准确性进行验证。结果　胶粘剂中苯、甲苯、二甲苯、正己烷和三氯乙烯在 7.0～ 2 93.0mg L浓度范围内具有线性相关性 ;相对标准偏差为 1.81%～ 3.6 7% ,回收率为 92 .37%～ 10 5 .96 % ,最低检出浓度分别为 0 .0 0 5、0 .0 0 5、0 .0 0 5、0 .0 0 5和 0 .0 4 0g kg。结论　该方法适用于胶粘剂中苯、甲苯、二甲苯、正已烷和三氯乙烯的检测 ,方法准确可行。     

空气中芳香族硝基化合物的毛细管气相色谱法测定

芳香族硝基化合物的空气监测方法有硝基苯 (NB)的盐酸萘乙二胺比色法、二硝基苯 (DNB)的乙醚 -丙酮比色法和填充柱气相色谱法、三硝基甲苯 (TNT)的乙醇 -碱分光光度法和填充柱气相色谱法、一硝基氯苯 (NCB)和二硝基氯苯(DNCB)的盐酸萘乙二胺比色法[1 4 ] ,上述方法不能同时测定芳香族硝基化合物和共存化合物。为了监测对硝基氯苯 (4 NCB)、二硝基甲苯 (DNT)和TNT有关的生产车间工人接触芳香族硝基化合物的剂量 ,并同时对共存的化合物进行监测 ,我们采用大孔径毛细管气相色谱柱 ,对这类化合物样品的采集方法和测定方法进行研究 ,…     

工作场所空气中碘的离子色谱测定法

目的 建立工作场所空气中蒸气态碘的离子色谱测定方法.方法 工作场所空气中的碘蒸气用碱性炭管采集,碘与碱反应生成碘离子.用碳酸氢钠溶液解吸活性炭上的碘离子后进样,经离子色谱柱分离后,用电化学检测器检测,以保留时间定性、峰高或峰面积定量.结果 该法具有很好的回收率和批内、批间精密度,回收率在碘的5、10和15 μg的加标水平的平均回收率分别为115.0%、103.8%和106.4%;5μg的批内和批间精密度分别为3.1%和1.9%,10μg的批内和批间精密度分别为2.0%和1.2%,15μg的批内和批间精密度分别为1.8%和2.5%.该法的最低检出浓度(采集7.5 L空气样品)为0.08 mg/m3,满足职业接触限值检测的要求.结论 该方法适用于工作场所空气中蒸气态碘的浓度测定.     

人血浆中总铂的石墨炉原子吸收测定方法研究

目的:建立石墨炉原子吸收测定法检测人血浆中总铂浓度.方法:样品采用1%HN03直接稀释的方法进行预处理,自动进样器直接进样,测定样品中总铂浓度.结果:铂浓度在0～2000μg/L范围内时,方法线性良好,线性相关系数为0.9998,检出限为13μg/L.RSD范围为2.0%～9.4%,平均回收率范围为99.71%～101.6%.结论:方法前处理过程简便,样品用量少.灵敏度高,适用于经钔类抗癌药物治疗后肿瘤患者血药浓度的日常监测.     

72例健康人尿密度和尿肌酐相关性分析

目的比较不同方法测定的健康人群尿密度和尿肌酐的相关性,探讨尿密度和尿肌酐在不同性别及年龄人群中的变化,探寻采用尿密度估算尿肌酐的可行性。方法采集健康人群尿液样本72份,采用尿密度计和分析试纸法测定尿密度,用苦味酸比色法和酶法测定尿肌酐,比较不同方法测定尿密度与尿肌酐之间相关性,计算尿肌酐与尿密度的回归分析方程。结果尿密度随年龄变化不明显,而40岁以上人群的尿肌酐水平显著降低(P<0.05)。结论对于健康人群采用尿密度推算尿肌酐水平具有一定的可行性。     

车间空气中双甲脒的气相色谱法测定

双甲脒是新型高效低毒有机氮杀虫杀螨剂 ,通用名为Amitraz,化学名称为 1,5 双 (2 ,4 二甲苯基 ) 3 甲基 1,3,5 三氮杂戊二烯 1,4 ,白色或浅黄色针状晶体 ,熔点 86℃～87℃ ,成品主要为原粉和乳油。在生产过程中 ,主要以粉尘分散于空气中。双甲脒氢火焰离子化检测器气相色谱测定方法有比较成熟的研究 ,但对车间空气中粉状双甲脒的采样效率研究还未见报道。一、材料与方法1 仪器和试剂 :(1)GC 5a气相色谱仪 ,氢火焰离子化检测器。 (2 )色谱柱 :0 .5m× 3mmID ,玻璃柱 ,聚乙二醇 2 0M∶KOH∶釉化 30 1担体 (6 0～ 80目 ) =1∶1∶10 0…