Apolipoprotein E polymorphism in the early onset of coronary heart disease

Objective To assess the relationship between apolipoprotein E (apoE) polymorphism and the early onset of coronary heart disease (CHD) and the effect of apoE on lipids and lipoproteins in healthy Chinese subjects. Methods Sixty-eight patients with CHD younger than 55 years (CHD1), 136 patients with CHD older than 65 years (CHD2), and 136 healthy subjects were enrolled, and their plasma levels of triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC) and high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) were determined. The apoE genotypes were identified by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism.Results apoE 3/4 genotype and E4 allele frequency in the CHD1 group were higher than those in the CHD2 group and healthy subjects, while no differences were found between CHD2 and healthy subjects. Meanwhile, the plasma levels of TC and low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) were higher in the CHD2 group than in both CHD1 group and healthy subjects.Each apoE isoprotein has variable TC and LDL-C levels that is E2 (E2/2+E2/3)＜E3(E3/3)<E4(E4/4+E3/4). Conclusion apoE is one of the genetic factors that affect TC and LDL-C levels, and apoE 4 has a very close relation to CHD, suggesting that apoE 4 is an independent genetic factor of the early onset of CHD.     

超高效液相色谱法测定激素性股骨头坏死患者血浆中甲泼尼龙质量浓度

目的 建立测定激素性股骨头坏死患者血浆中甲泼尼龙质量浓度的超高效液相色谱(UPLC)法.方法 色谱柱为Waters Acquity UPLC BSH C18柱(50 mm×2.1 mm,1.7μm),流动相为乙腈-水(29:71,V/V),流速为0.3 mL/min,检测波长为242 nm,柱温为30℃,进样量为1μL...     

CT能谱成像评估血友病性关节病患者膝关节滑膜含铁血黄素沉积

Objective To observe the value of CT spectral imaging in assessment of synovial hemosiderin deposition (SHD) in the knee joint in patients with hemophilic arthropathy (HA). Methods Twenty-five HA patients (40 assessable knees) underwent CT spectral imaging and MR scanning. According to the MRI international prophylaxis study group (IPSG) score of SHD, the knees were divided into mild group and severe group. CT value, iron (water) concentration (FeC), water (iron) concentration (WC), effective atomic number (Eff-Z) and average spectral curve slope (aSCS) of SHD area were measured and calculated, respectively. Meanwhile,the adjacent semi-membrane muscles in the same slice were taken as controls. The spectral parameters of CT were compared with One-Way ANOVA, and ROC curves were plotted to obtain the spectral parameters and the optical diagnostic threshold of SHD. Results CT value, FeC, and aSCS of SHD area were statistically significant among three groups (F=148.08, 307.88, 7.80, 364.62 and 261.50, P<0.01), and the differences of parameters between any two groups except WC were statistically significant (all P<0.05). The area under ROC curve of SHD evaluated with aSCS was the largest, and the thresholds for the diagnosis of severe and mild SHD of aSCS was 1.84 and 0.42, respectively. Conclusion Multiple parameter analysis of CT spectral imaging is of great value for assessment of the severity of SHD in the knee joint in HA patients, therefore having important clinical significance.     

前列腺癌^125I粒子植入治疗对下尿路症状的影响（附70例报道）

目的探讨前列腺癌^125I粒子植入治疗后下尿路症状的变化规律,为临床治疗提供参考。方法接受^125I粒子植入治疗的前列腺癌患者72例,失访2例,随访70例,年龄58～85岁,平均年龄（73．6±10．4）岁。临床分期T1bNoMo～T3bNoMo。治疗前PSA0．4～55．2ng／mL,Gleason评分6～9分,前列腺体积19mL～59mL。国际前列腺症状评分（IPSS评分）5～21分,平均14分。植入粒子30～90粒,平均活度0．38mCi,总活度平均27．22mCi;植入针12～23根。术前1周至术后6个月常规使用α-肾上腺能受体阻滞剂。观察治疗后下尿路症状的变化。结果70例随访3～72个月,中位随访时间29．3个月。出院后无急性尿潴留发生;轻度尿失禁2例（2．9％）,均在术后2～4个月好转。出现尿频、尿急及排尿困难或加重65例（92．9％）。术后0．5、1、2、3、6、9、12、18、24个月出现尿频、尿急及排尿困难或加重者分别为34．3％、85．7％、92．9％、82．8％、45．7％、28．6％、17．1％、8．5％、2．8％。下尿路症状持续时间与治疗前IPSS评分成正相关,P值为0．007。结论前列腺癌^125I粒子植入治疗后下尿路症状常见,持续时间较长,但不严重,大多数可恢复。持续时间与治疗前IPSS评分相关,使用α-肾上腺能受体阻滞剂可以有效缓解症状并避免手术干预。     

高血压病中医证型与大动脉功能参数的相关研究

目的：研究不同中医证型原发性高血压病的动脉功能参数,为中医辨证论治原发性高血压病提供依据。方法：将618例原发性高血压病患者采用临床问卷调查,填写高血压患者登记表格及中医症候分级量化表后进行辨证分型,分为无症状者、肝火亢盛型、阴虚阳亢型、痰湿壅盛型、阴阳两虚型、证型不明确者。结果：阴阳两虚证型组中心动脉反射波增强指数均明显高于无症状、肝火亢盛、阴虚阳亢、痰湿壅盛及证型不明确组别组别,且有明显统计学差异（P〈0.05）,无症状组外周反射波增强指数、中心动脉收缩压明显低于肝火亢盛、阴虚阳亢、痰湿壅盛、阴阳两虚及证型不明确组别,且有明显统计学差异（P〈0.05）。结论：阴阳两虚证型组大动脉硬化程度明显大于其他组别,大动脉硬化程度与高血压持续时间有一定的相关性。     

血压盐敏感者一氧化氮系统与非对称性二甲基精氨酸和补钾的作用

目的通过观察慢性盐负荷及补钾后血浆非对称性二甲基精氨酸(ADMA)和血、尿一氧化氮(NO)水平的变化及其与血压的关系,探讨血压正常盐敏感者(SS)的血管内皮功能损伤及补钾的保护作用。方法选60例年龄在20～60岁的血压正常者参与为期3周的慢性盐负荷及补钾试验,包括基线调查3d,低盐(LS)饮食,高盐(HS)饮食,和高盐补钾(HS K)饮食各7d的研究。每个阶段均测量血压,并收集血、尿标本。血、尿NO用Griess法测量,血浆ADMA用高效液相色谱法测量。结果受试者60例中共检出SS13例,检出率为21.6%。盐负荷后,SS血浆ADMA的浓度明显升高[(0.89±0.09vs0.51±0.07)μmol/L,P<0.05],而血浆NO的水平则较LS饮食期显著降低[(41.8±7.6vs63.5±7.6)μmol/L,P<0.01]。在HS摄入的基础上大剂量口服补钾可以逆转单纯HS负荷对SS血浆ADMA浓度和血、尿NO水平的作用[(ADMA:0.52±0.09vs0.89±0.09)μmol/L;NO:(58.1±7.4vs41.8±7.6)μmol/L],血浆ADMA浓度和平均动脉压之间存在正相关关系。结论血压正常SS于HS负荷后伴随血压升高,血浆ADMA显著升高、NO降低,同时补充钾盐可以逆转前述作用,提示补钾可能通过抑制ADMA的升高降低血压。     

β-细辛醚对缺糖缺氧再灌注损伤原代大鼠海马神经元的保护作用*

 目的：探讨β-细辛醚对缺糖缺氧再灌注损伤原代海马神经元的保护作用及其机制。方法：利用MTT法检测缺糖缺氧再灌注诱导的原代大鼠海马神经元的细胞活力,用分光光度法检测caspase-3的活性,用Western blotting法检测p-JNK和Bcl-2的蛋白表达,RT-PCR检测Bcl-2和caspase-3 mRNA表达。结果：与正常对照组比较,缺糖缺氧再灌注损伤组细胞活力明显下降,caspase-3活性明显升高,p-JNK蛋白表达和caspases-3 mRNA表达显著升高,Bcl-2蛋白表达显著降低,差异有统计学意义（均P＜0.05）。与缺糖缺氧再灌注损伤组比较,不同剂量β-细辛醚预处理组抑制了这些指标的改变（均P＜0.05）。结论：β-细辛醚通过抑制JNK介导的线粒体通路抑制缺糖缺氧再灌注诱导的原代海马神经元凋亡。     

紫菀的研究进展及质量标志物预测分析

紫菀是临床常用的化痰止咳要药,始载于《神农本草经》。紫菀化学成分丰富,主要包括萜类及其苷、肽类、黄酮、蒽醌、香豆素、有机酸、酚类、甾醇、挥发油及苯丙素类等。现代药理学研究表明,紫菀在抗肿瘤、抗病毒、抗氧化等方面也具有显著的药理活性。对紫菀的资源分布、化学成分、药理活性研究进展进行综述,并依据质量标志物的概念及确定原则对紫菀的质量标志物进行预测分析,以期为紫菀质量标准的深入研究提供参考。     

南五加扶正固本作用的研究——抗排异作用及抗炎作用

本文用小鼠移植心脏组织后存活时间的延长,观察南五加的抗排异作用;用大鼠后足肿胀程度以及肉芽重量观察南五加的抗急、慢性炎症作用。实验结果发现南五加有明显的抗排异及抗急慢性炎症等作用。     

玉米须水提物对2型糖尿病大鼠糖-脂代谢及氧化应激的影响

目的探讨玉米须水提物对2型糖尿病大鼠糖-脂代谢及氧化应激状态的影响。方法将雄性Sprague-Dawley大鼠随机分为正常对照组、模型对照组、阳性对照组(二甲双胍)及玉米须水提物低、中、高剂量组,除正常对照组外,其余各组采用高脂高糖饲养加小剂量链脲佐菌素(STZ)诱导2型糖尿病大鼠模型。各组大鼠给药干预8周后,采用全自动生化仪检测空腹血糖(FBG)、三酰甘油(TG)、血总胆固醇(TC)和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)的水平;紫外可见分光光度计测定血清游离脂肪酸(FFA)、丙二醛(MDA)和超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)的水平。结果玉米须水提物干预后,其中中、高剂量组可显著降低大鼠血清FBG、FFA、TG和TC的水平(P0.05或P0.01),且呈剂量依赖型,高剂量组显著降低血清LDL-C的水平(P0.05);同时,玉米须水提物各剂量组可显著降低大鼠血清MDA的含量,明显升高血清SOD的活性(P0.05或P0.01)。结论玉米须水提物可改善糖尿病大鼠糖-脂代谢,抑制氧化应激反应,对2型糖尿病大鼠产生保护作用。