人工心脏瓣膜的发展和实验

近30年来,对于有病变的、功能失常的心脏瓣膜进行置换已成为常规手术,其间已发表了几千篇有关多种不同类型人造瓣膜设计与制造的科研与临床论文提供给心脏外科医师。尽管从已经发表的论文中拥有了广泛的资料,但只是近年来国际标准组织才发表有关实验室标准的记述,即在一种新的瓣膜投入常规应用之前,需要进行动物实验和临床实验。如果引进一种新的瓣膜代用品,其性能说明或其他方面的资料,随国家不同而不同,因此需要卫生当局与厂家的共同认可。     

乳腺肿块29例诊治体会

我院乳腺外科,2005年6月～8月共收治乳腺肿块患者29例.全部患者都行手术治疗,术后全部常规送病理检查.结合文献分析,总结讨论如下.     

新疆阿克苏地区重点人群碘营养和智力水平调查

Objective To investigate the iodine nutritional status of school children, lactating women and infants in iodine deficient areas of Baicheng and Wushi Counties in Xinjiang Autonomous Region. Methods According to the geographic location of east, south, west and north of county, 10 primary schools of 8 townships were selected. In each school, 10 children among each gender and age group from 8 to 10 years old were selected. A total of 300 school children were chosen. One hundred and four infants aged 0-2 years old and their mother were selected in 8 townships. Iodine content in edible salt at household level, the urinary iodine in school children and lactating women, total goiter rate(TGR) and the status of the intelligence quotient (1Q) of school children, the status of psychological development of infants were observed. Direct titration assay for testing the salt iodine, colorimetric ceric-arsenic assay and vitriolic ammonium assimilation were used for testing urinary iodine. The size of thyroid gland was measured by palpation. The Combined Raven Test for Chinese Rural was used to test the IQ. The psychological development of infants was tested by Danver Development Screening Test (DDST). Results The coverage rate of iodized salt at household level was 73.1% (123/182), however, the proportion of households using adequately iodized salt was 64.1% (118/182). The medium of urinary iodine in school children was 103.7 μ/L, with 47.8%(75/157) less than 100 μg/L and 28.0% (44/157) less than 50 μg/L; it was 123.0 μg/L in Baieheng County, with 44.4%(28/63) less than 100 μg/L and 33.3%(21/63) less than 50 μg/L; it was 100.3 μg/L in Wushi County, 50.0%(47/94) less than 100 μg/L and 24.5%(23/94) less than 50 μg/L. The medium of urinary iodine in locating women was 143.3 μg/L, it was 119.7 μg/L and 184.6 μg/L in Baicheng and Wushi Counties, respectively. The total rate of goiter in school children was 14.3%(43/300), it was 10.8%(13/120) and 16.6%(30/180) in Baicheng and Wushi Counties, respectively. The average IQ in school children was 80.6±11.6, it was 83.0±11.6 and 79.0±11.7 in Baicheng and Wushi Counties, respectively. The proportion of mental retardation in school children (IQ≤69) was 13.0% (39/300), it was 6.7% (8/120) and 17.2%(31/180) in Baicheng and Wushi Counties, respectively. In addition, the proportion of psychological development in infants being normal, suspicious and abnormal was 78.8%(82/104), 12.5% (13/104) and 8.7%(9/104), respectively. Conclusion This study confirms the fact that there is also existence of mental retardation in children and infants, caused by iodine deficiency.     

快速免疫治疗过敏性哮喘

快速免疫治疗过敏性哮喘１５０医院（河南洛阳４７１０３１）程相铎周裕成李瑞李东阳从１９９３年以来我们开展了快速免疫治疗过敏性哮喘，收到了一定的效果，现予以报道。１病例选择：按全国统一标准〔１〕，选择经皮肤过敏原测定或特异性ＩｇＥ检测确诊的尘螨过敏性哮...     

烹调油烟对小鼠骨髓细胞染色体畸变率和微核率影响的研究

本文在昆明种小鼠吸入不同浓度（２８，６７，１００ｍｇ／Ｍ＾３）烹调油烟（ＣＯＦ）的情况下，观察小鼠骨髓细胞染色体畸变率和嗜多染红细胞（ＰＣＥ）微核率。实验结果显示，吸入ＣＯＦ各剂量组小鼠骨髓细胞染色体畸变率和微核率的均随ＣＯＦ浓度上升而增高（Ｐ〈０．０５），且呈剂量反应关系，两率相关系数为０．８８，表明ＣＯＦ进入体内后具有一定的体细胞诱变活性。     

低心排综合征的预防和治疗

低心排综合征(简称LCOS)是循环功能不全的一种,是由于正常器官的血循环不足而引起的功能不全。这种情况存在于急性心肌梗塞后的病人,不过,在恶性高血压或败血性休克病人中也有循环功能不全,但是,其血液动力学参数与心肌梗塞病人有显著不同。治疗病人的关键是早期诊断。循环功能不全的早期征象是: 有神志的情况仍是神经组织循环不足及早期的指征。在加强医疗病房(简称ICU)中,由于对所有病人进行了脑电图监测和脑血流的研究,可发现潜在的变化。     

锌缺乏对学龄前儿童智力发育的影响

本文以配对设计对锌缺乏组（低于110μg／g）和对照组（锌高于110μg／g）的4～6．5岁儿童各50名，用（C—WYCSI）智力量表进行智商测定，结果表明锌缺乏组其言语智商、操作智商、总智商均低于对照组（P＜0．01），且各份测验的得分中多数项目且低于对照组（P＜0．05）。     

老年慢性酒精中毒与抑郁症的抑郁症状比较

目的 :探讨老年慢性酒精中毒性精神障碍与老年抑郁症之间抑郁症状有何差异。方法 :应用老年抑郁量表 (GDS)、汉密尔顿抑郁量表 (HAMD)、症状自评量表 (SCL 90 )及简易智能状态检查表 (MMSE)测定 4 8例伴有抑郁症状的老年慢性酒精中毒病人与 36例老年抑郁症病人。结果 :酒精中毒组的躯体症状、精神运动性抑制及自杀行为的发生率较抑郁症组低 ,其差异有显著性 (P <0 0 1) ,而焦虑与激越较抑郁症组高 ,其差异有显著性 (P <0 . 0 1)。酒精中毒组的HAMD总分明显低于抑郁症组 (P <0 . 0 1)。SCL 90中的躯体化、人际关系敏感、敌对及精神病性因子方面 ,二者之间有显著性差异 (P <0 . 0 1)。酒精中毒组MMSE总分较抑郁症组高(P <0 . 0 1)。结论 :老年慢性酒精中毒的抑郁症状程度较抑郁症轻 ,某些抑郁症状表现与抑郁症不同 ,其认知功能缺损较抑郁症为重