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61.
The rapid growth of Chinese economy has tremendously stimulated the expansion of energy consumption. The structure of energy consumption in China is featured with the coal domination. Air pollution is becoming increasingly severe. As a result, we are confronted with the extremely arduous task to balance energy consumption and environmental protection. In order to coordinate the relationship between energy consumption and environmental protection in a strategic way, this paper analyzes comprehensively the instruments, effects and perspectives of energy-related environmental management. Meanwhile, this paper illustrates the barriers and challenges facing the energy and energy-related environmental management in China, and suggests a priority strategy of management instrument, mainly composed of energy-saving, optimization of energy structure, promulgation of environmental standards, advance in environmental technologies, internalization of environmental costs, establishment of a public benefit fund and adoption of a Renewable Portfolio System. 相似文献
62.
The external region of a cell membrane, known as the glycocalyx, is dominated by glycosylated molecules, which direct specific interactions such as cell-cell recognition and contribute to the steric repulsion that prevents undesirable non-specific adhesion of other molecules and cells. Mimicking the non-adhesive properties of a glycocalyx provides a potential solution to the clinical problems, such as thrombosis, that are associated with implantable devices owing to non-specific adsorption of plasma proteins. Here we describe a biomimetic surface modification of graphite using oligosaccharide surfactant polymers, which, like a glycocalyx, provides a dense and confluent layer of oligosaccharides. The surfactant polymers consist of a flexible poly(vinyl amine) with dextran and alkanoyl side chains. We show that alkanoyl side chains assemble on graphite through hydrophobic interaction and epitaxial adsorption. This constrains the polymer backbone to lie parallel to the substrate, with solvated dextran side chains protruding into the aqueous phase, creating a glycocalyx-like coating. The resulting biomimetic surface is effective in suppressing protein adsorption from human plasma protein solution. 相似文献
63.
Li Qiu Tongwen Chen 《Automatic Control, IEEE Transactions on》1994,39(12):2506-2511
Treating causality constraints, this paper studies optimal synthesis of multirate sampled-data systems with an ℋ2 performance criteria. An explicit solution is obtained by input-output space extensions (lifting) and frequency-domain techniques 相似文献
64.
Recent studies show that the cytokine interleukin-6 (IL-6) is expressed at elevated levels in the CNS in several disease states and contributes to the neuropathological process. The mechanisms through which IL-6 exerts its CNS effects are primarily unknown. We have investigated the pathophysiological effects of IL-6 on developing CNS neurons using a culture model system and a chronic treatment paradigm. Here, we show, using current- and voltage-clamp recordings, that chronic IL-6 treatment of developing cerebellar granule neurons increases the membrane and current response to NMDA and that these effects are the primary mechanism through which IL-6 produces an enhanced calcium signal to NMDA. We also show that calcium influx through voltage-sensitive calcium channels contributes to the enhanced calcium signal to NMDA in the IL-6-treated neurons in a developmentally regulated manner and that the membrane depolarization to NMDA is more sensitive to the NMDA receptor antagonist ifenprodil in the IL-6-treated neurons compared with control neurons at a late developmental stage, consistent with a larger proportion of NMDA receptors containing the NMDAR2B subunit in the IL-6-treated neurons. Additional studies show that IL-6 treatment reduces the number of granule neurons in culture and enhances neurotoxicity involving NMDA receptors. These results support a pathological role for IL-6 in the CNS and indicate that NMDA receptor-mediated functions are likely to play a critical role in neuropathological changes observed in CNS diseases associated with elevated CNS levels of IL-6. 相似文献
65.
本文研究了TiO2掺入对CaO稳定ZrO2(简称CaSZ-NiCr)金属陶瓷烧结特性的影响,测定了CaSZ-NiCr-TiO2金属陶瓷烧结样品的密度和显微硬度,结果表明,TiO2的掺入能提高CaSZ-NICr金属陶瓷的烧结密度和显微硬度,对CaSZ-NiCr金属陶瓷有助烧结作用.金相观察表明,TiO3的掺入改变了NiCr相在金属陶瓷中的形貌,说明了NiCr与CaSZ的浸润性有一定的改善.XRD和EPMA分析结果显示,TiO2偏聚在NiCr金属相中,不影响CaSZ的稳定性. 相似文献
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68.
Zhang Zhe Wang Chunyu Qiu Weichao Qin Wenhu Zeng Wenjun 《International Journal of Computer Vision》2021,129(3):703-718
International Journal of Computer Vision - Occlusion is probably the biggest challenge for human pose estimation in the wild. Typical solutions often rely on intrusive sensors such as IMUs to... 相似文献
69.
针对坦克水平向炮控伺服系统中存在的摩擦不确定因素及未建模动态,首先建立水平向炮控伺服系统的数学模型,将摩擦扰动和未建模动态视为一个综合扰动项,然后利用扩张状态观测器对综合扰动项进行观测和补偿,并将扩张状态观测器(ESO)补偿回路作为经典PID控制方法的内回路,实现ESO-PID的复合控制;最后对所用方法进行仿真,结果表明,在原有控制方法的基础上设计控制器,集合了PID控制算法的"被动抗扰"和自抗扰控制方法中扩张状态观测器的"主动抗扰"特性,能够在保持控制系统原有特性的基础上大幅度提高炮控系统的稳定精度以及低速性能。 相似文献
70.
中频数字接收机是随着数字信号处理技术的不断发展而成熟起来的;此文主要是基于软件无线电的思想,采用MATLAB和DSP相结合的新颖开发方法,利用MATLAB-DSP集成开发环境Embedded Target for the TI TMS320C6000DSP Platform,从Simulink模型自动生成TIC6000DSP的可执行代码,从而缩短了DSP算法软件的研发周期;文中的输入信号是AM调制信号,采样率为1.6MHz,调制信号为2kHz,载波为400kHz,经过128倍抽取和滤波,最后输出数据流速率为12.5kHz;通过仿真实验证明,采用软件无线电的思想不仅满足了设计需求,而且增强了不同系统之间的互通性、兼容性、灵活性和可靠性,同时降低了成本。 相似文献