基于两步加权L1范数约束的高分辨率波达方向和功率估计

该文提出一种基于两步加权L1范数约束的波达方向(DOA)和功率联合估计新算法。该算法首先对阵列协方差矩阵元素进行求和平均运算获得统计性能更优的向量观测模型,进而在相应的过完备基下获得观测模型的稀疏表示。利用MUSIC谱函数和初始估计结果作为权值构建两步加权L1范数约束稀疏重构方法,重构获得多信源的DOA和功率估计。通过2分布函数选择了合理的正则化参数。计算机仿真结果显示,与同类其它方法相比,该文所提算法具有更高的分辨率和估计精度。     

Ce3+掺杂Li2O-MgO-Al2O3-SiO2玻璃的结构与荧光猝灭现象

采用熔融淬冷法制备了不同浓度Ce³⁺离子掺杂的20Li₂O-5MgO-20Al₂O₃-55SiO₂玻璃闪烁材料。采用X射线衍射(XRD)、高分辨透射电镜(HRTEM)技术、密度检测等方法研究了玻璃的微观结构随Ce³⁺离子掺杂浓度的变化规律, 采用荧光分光技术检测了玻璃的紫外光致激发光谱(PLE)、发射光谱(PE)。研究结果表明: 在不对称的晶体场作用下, Ce³⁺离子5d能级被劈裂为5个组分; 随着玻璃基质内Ce³⁺离子掺杂浓度增大, 玻璃的非晶化程度加深; 5d能级的劈裂宽度随之增大, 由此导致激发带向低能量端展宽、发射光谱明显红移; Ce³⁺离子的荧光发射强度随Ce³⁺离子掺杂浓度先升高、后降低, 浓度猝灭过程成为其荧光发射效率降低的主要原因。     

基于位置预查询的因特网移动支持方案

提出一种预查询移动支持方案(mobile Internet protocol_based on location pre-query,简称MIP_Q),以解决家乡网络的流量瓶颈和单点故障问题,从而提高移动通信的效率和可靠性.MIP_Q通过扩展域名服务系统管理和跟踪移动节点的当前位置信息,省去了家乡代理;采用并行切换控制方式,同时避免了MIP(mobile Internet protocol,简称MIP)中的三角路由和隧道路由问题;借助有效的计算方法,分析和比较了MIP_Q与MIP,MIP_LR的平均移动通信成本和切换时延;在实现方面与广泛应用的广域蜂窝移动网络进行了类比.结果表明:MIP_Q在切换效率和新增实体数等方面优于同类方案;MIP_Q可以极大地降低节点的移动通信成本,减小切换时延;MIP_Q具有良好的可行性.最后提出MIP_Q的仿真和实现方案.     

挖掘最大频繁模式的新方法

由于其内在的计算复杂性，挖掘密集型数据集的频繁模式完全集非常困难，解决方案之一是挖掘最大频繁模式集．该文在频繁模式完全集挖掘算法Opportune Project基础上，提出了挖掘最大频繁模式的新算法MOP．它采用宽度与深度优先相结合的混合搜索策略，能恰当地选择不同的支持集表示和投影方法，将闭合性剪裁和一般性剪裁相结合，并适时前窥，实现搜索与剪裁效率最优化．实验表明，MOP效率是MaxMiner的2～8倍，比MAFIA高2个数量级以上．     

活化剂用量对活性碳纳米管电化学容量的影响

采用KOH为活化剂，通过改变活化剂用量，得到不同活化程度的活性碳纳米管．将这些ACNTs分别作为电极材料应用于电化学超级电容器，经电化学容量性能测试，发现ACNTs的电化学容量随活化剂用量的变化而变化，当mKOH／mcNT要s=3时，达到最大值．同时用TEM和HRTEM对ACNTs进行形貌分析，用氮气自动吸附仪测试了ACNTs的比表面积和等温吸附曲线，发现ACNTs的电化学容量随活化剂用量的变化与其BET比表面积有直接关系，其BET比表面积的大小决定其电化学容量的高低．     

鸡肉中强力霉素残留测定不确定度评定

目的对液相色谱-质谱/质谱法测定鸡肉中强力霉素残留的不确定度进行评定,找出影响检测结果准确性的关键因素,从而提高检测结果准确性。方法按照GB/T 21317-2007《动物源性食品中四环素类兽药残留量检测方法液相色谱-质谱/质谱法与高效液相色谱法》对鸡肉中强力霉素残留量进行测定。通过建立数学模型,对影响测量结果的不确定度来源如标准物质的纯度、标准物质的称量、标准曲线的配制、样品的称量、样品的制备、标准曲线的拟合、样品测量重复性等因素进行分析和评定。结果鸡肉中强力霉素残留量为123.8μg/kg,扩展不确定度为8.9μg/kg,测定结果表示为:X=(123.8±8.9)μg/kg(k=2)。结论样品测量重复性和标准曲线绘制是本次测定测量不确定度的主要来源,在检测过程中应加以控制。     

定时器驱动的RM调度机制建模及其性能优化

在Katcher等人对定时器驱动的RM(Rate Monotonic)调度机制研究的基础上,通过对该机制下实时任务抢占行为的分析,建立了周期性任务的抢占模型,给出了直接抢占发生的充分必要条件,据此确定了任务间的抢占关系,进而精确了可调性的判定条件,然后讨论了系统的平均响应时间．依据此抢占模型,受生物界寄生现象的启发,提出了一个改善嵌入式系统实时性能的方法,将获取机制和利用机制分离,屏蔽了复杂优化计算对目标嵌入式系统性能的负面影响．最后,通过实验验证了该方法在改善抢占关系、减少抢占开销和增强系统可调度性方面的有效性,结果表明可调度利用率可以提高0．25％～6．64％。     

Synthesis,characterization and kinetic of a surfactant-modified bentonite used to remove As(III) and As(V) from aqueous solution

In this study, organobentonites were prepared by modification of bentonite with various cationic surfactants, and were used to remove As(V) and As(III) from aqueous solution. The results showed that the adsorption capacities of bentonite modified with octadecyl benzyl dimethyl ammonium (SMB3) were 0.288 mg/g for As(V) and 0.102 mg/g for As(III), which were much higher compared to 0.043 and 0.036 mg/g of un-modified bentonite (UB). The adsorption kinetics were fitted well with the pseudo-second-order model with rate constants of 46.7 × 10⁻³ g/mg h for As(V) and 3.1 × 10⁻³ g/mg h for As(III), respectively. The maximum adsorption capacity of As(V) derived from the Langmuir equation reached as high as 1.48 mg/g, while the maximum adsorption capacity of As(III) was 0.82 mg/g. The adsorption of As(V) and As(III) was strongly dependent on solution pH. Addition of anions did not impact on As(III) adsorption, while they clearly suppressed adsorption of As(V). In addition, this study also showed that desorbed rates were 74.61% for As(V) and 30.32% for As(III), respectively, after regeneration of SMB3 in 0.1 M HCl solution. Furthermore, in order to interpret the proposed absorption mechanism, both SMB3 and UB were extensively characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) analyses.     

Imaging liquids using microfluidic cells

Chemistry occurring in the liquid and liquid surface is important in many applications. Chemical imaging of liquids using vacuum-based analytical techniques is challenging due to the difficulty in working with liquids with high volatility. Recent development in microfluidics enabled and increased our capabilities to study liquid in situ using sensitive techniques such as electron microscopy and spectroscopy. Due to its small size, low cost, and flexibility in design, liquid cells based on microfluidics have been increasingly used in studying and imaging complex phenomena involving liquids. This paper presents a review of microfluidic cells that were developed to adapt to electron microscopes and various spectrometers for in situ chemical analysis and imaging of liquids. The following topics will be covered, including cell designs, fabrication techniques, unique technical features for vacuum compatible cells (e.g., detection windows, device materials), and imaging with electron microscopy and spectroscopy. Challenges are summarized and recommendations for future development priority are proposed.