Object loss, mourning, and adjustment to disability.

This article explores the relationship between concepts of object loss and mourning and the loss of a bodily part or psychological or physical function in a rehabilitation context. The psychoanalytic literature on object loss and the mourning process is reviewed and related to existing literature on the adjustment-to-disability process. Similarities and differences between the classical mourning process and the adjustment-to-disability process are discussed, and suggestions are offered for using psychoanalytic strategies to facilitate adjustment to disability. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Anaphoric inference during reading.

Examined whether antecedents are reactivated by anaphor, in 3 experiments with a total of 144 undergraduates, using additional control sentences and an alternative response time measure. Ss read a series of texts each containing a target item. Immediately after the last line of each text, the item was probed using a recognition task in Exp I and a naming task in Exp II. Ss were faster to respond to the item when the last line contained an anaphoric reference to it than when the last line referred to a different item from the text. Additional control conditions ensured that the effect was not due to semantic priming and that the probed item was not in working memory when the last line was encountered. Findings in Exp III, which compared reading and naming times when the last sentence continued the established topic with times when the last sentence changed the topic, suggest that previous evidence for reinstatement reflected interference from a change of topic in the last line rather than facilitation due to reinstatement of the probed item. It is suggested that the paradigm developed by G. McKoon and R. Ratcliff (see record 1981-24997-001) requires careful control of variables. (17 ref) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Facilitation and inhibition of the human startle blink reflexes by stimulus anticipation.

The cutaneous eyeblink has 2 electromyographic components, 1 unilateral and early (R1) and 1 bilateral and late (R2), which are served by different neural pathways. These 2 reactions were measured when the eliciting stimulus was expected or relatively surprising. Forewarning was varied in 3 ways: Subjects received notice that the stimulus was about to occur on some trials (Experiment 1); delivered the stimulus to themselves on some trials (Experiments 2 & 3); or experienced a series of trials in which a tone was paired with the eliciting stimulus, followed by tone-alone trials interspersed with test trials (Experiment 4). In each case, forewarning enhanced R1 amplitudes while depressing R2 but reduced the latency of both components. This mixed pattern of effects reveals that the preparatory state provoked by forewarning focuses excitatory and inhibitory processes simultaneously on different reflex pathways: inhibition central and excitation peripheral. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Issues in preparing an edited volume in psychology.

Discusses the factors that should be considered when preparing to edit a high-quality, scholarly psychology book. The issues discussed include the book editor–publisher relationship, the book editor–chapter contributor relationship, and what makes a good final product. Three laws of editing are offered: (1) conceptualize clearly; (2) edit fiercely; and (3) edit for the reader, not the writer. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

A survey on future research about electron beam welding for aerospace applications

Electron beam welding plays an important role in the aerospace industry where components like sensors,gears,actuators and air frames used in aircraft and rocket engines were welded using this technique.Welding is normally performed in a vacuum to avoid the scatter of electron due to the presence of gas molecules in the atmosphere and hence electron beam welding process provides the greater results.But still joining of dissimilar metals is challenging.This paper represents review of process,generation and distribution of heat source various input parameters,materials,microstructure,mechanical strength and the possibilities of joining dissimilar metals using electron beam welding.     

Conversion of polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) to methyl crotonate for the production of biobased monomers

Within the concept of the replacement of fossil with biobased resources, bacterial polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) can be obtained from volatile fatty acids (VFAs) from agro‐food waste streams and used as an intermediate toward attractive chemicals. Here we address a crucial step in this process, the conversion of PHB to methyl crotonate (MC), which can be converted via cross‐metathesis with ethylene to methyl acrylate and propylene, two important monomers for the plastics industry. The conversion of PHB to MC proceeds via a thermolysis of PHB to crotonic acid (CA), followed by an esterification to MC. At pressures below 18 bar, the thermolysis of PHB to CA is the rate‐determining step, where above 18 bar, the esterification of CA to MC becomes rate limiting. At 200°C and 18 bar, a full conversion and 60% selectivity to MC is obtained. This conversion circumvents processing and application issues of PHB as a polymer and allows PHB to be used as an intermediate to produce biobased chemicals. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2015 , 132, 42462.     

Effect of different plasticizer on structural and electrical properties of PEMA-based polymer electrolytes

Plasticized poly(vinyl chloride)/poly(ethyl methacrylate) PVC/PEMA-based blend polymer electrolyte films containing lithium perchlorate (LiClO₄) as a salt were prepared by solvent casting technique. The effects of the plasticization on structural, thermal and electrical properties of the plasticized polymer blend electrolytes were investigated. The changes in the structural and complex formation properties of the materials were studied by XRD and FTIR techniques. Dielectric relaxation studies of the polymer electrolyte have been undertaken, and the results are discussed. TG/DTA technique is used to study the thermal stability. Complex impedance analysis is used to calculate the bulk resistance of the complexes. The effect of different plasticizer on the structural and physical properties of polymer blend electrolyte is well correlated.     

American Symbolism in Intercultural Communication: An Animosity/Ethnocentrism Perspective on Intergroup Relations and Consumer Attitudes

What leads to acceptance versus rejection of messages that represent one's own culture/in‐group, or a foreign culture/out‐group? We investigate how symbols in mass communication might be used to overcome biases toward in‐group and out‐group messages. We experimentally study these effects across countries representing varying levels of consumer ethnocentrism (which relates to attitudes about one's own country, or in‐group) and country‐specific animosity (which relates to attitudes about a particular foreign country, or out‐group). We select 4 countries based on varying levels of ethnocentrism and U.S.‐focused animosity. Using a Social Identity perspective, we find support for asymmetries of response regarding in‐group preference and out‐group discrimination within the context of U.S. and indigenous cultural representations in the form of symbols and brands.     

Hydrogen Generation from CO2 Reforming of Biomass-Derived Methanol on Ni/SiO2 Catalyst

Topics in Catalysis - CO2 reforming of methanol for producing hydrogen was experimentally carried out in a fixed-bed reactor on 10%Ni/SiO2. The 10%Ni/SiO2 was completely reduced during H2...     

Analytical solution of amperometric enzymatic reactions based on Homotopy perturbation method

Electrochemical polymerization is a simple and direct technique often employed for immobilizing redox enzymes at an electrode surface. Besides these, it allows precise control over the amount, spatial distribution and orientation of the enzymes. Analytical expressions pertaining to the immobilization of enzyme by electrochemical polymerization on the electrode surface were obtained by Homotopy perturbation method (HPM). This expression further distinguishes the product of the enzyme reaction at the electrode surface from those occurring alongside the polymer employed for immobilization. These analytical results are compared with the available limiting case results and they are found to be in good agreement.