组织结构对涤纶经编织物卷边性的影响

为减少织物卷边对后道工序带来的影响,对各把梳栉的组织结构配置以及牵拉密度的选择进行了探讨。以55.5 dtex 24 f涤纶全牵伸丝(FDY)为原料,生产出7种不同组织和4种不同牵拉密度的两梳经编织物,对其卷边量进行测试,并结合显微镜下的线圈图进行分析。结果表明：随着牵拉密度的增大,经编织物横、纵向卷边量均不断减小,其中牵拉密度对横向卷边的影响要明显大于纵向卷边;两梳同向编织的织物横向卷边性要明显好于反向编织;当前梳组织不变,增加后梳延展线长度时,织物的横、纵向卷边量均不断减少,尤其是横向卷边量下降明显;而当后梳组织不变,增加前梳延展线长度时,织物的横、纵向卷边量均不断增加。     

Electrostatic and mechanical properties of extrusion spun PTFE monofilament with integration of microtourmaline particles

This study reports on polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) monofilaments prepared by extrusion spinning with the integration of tourmaline particles. The resultant PTFE monofilaments have excellent electrostatic properties and contain different amounts and sizes of tourmaline particles. Tensile tests show that the PTFE monofilaments with 7 wt % and 1 wt % of 5 μm particles possessed tensile strengths of 1175 N and 1026 N, which were 12.5% and 23.6% lower than those of the pure PTFE monofilament, respectively. In electrostatic properties, there was 14.3% growth in surface voltage compared with the original PTFE monofilament in the series of monofilaments with varying content of tourmaline particles. When the particle size was 5 μm, the voltage was 14.7% higher than that of pure PTFE monofilament in the series of monofilaments with varying sizes of tourmaline particles. In addition, a model of electric field distribution around the monofilament was proposed based on a static electricity test. Successful research on such an intriguing monofilament might provide a novel application of the PTFE and tourmaline. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2018 , 135, 46401.     

复杂线路环境下配电网专用声控扳手的研制

根据机器人扳手的工作状况及环境,开发了一种适用于10 k V配电网带电作业机器人专用声控扳手,该声控扳手将语音识别系统和红外遥控系统相结合,首先通过麦克风进行语音信号采集,然后DSP对语音信号进行预处理和特征提取,进行语音识别,最后红外遥控系统根据识别结果发出相应的控制命令达到对扳手电机的控制。实验表明所设计的体系结构合理、可行,利用该声控扳手可以完成更换跌落保险、绝缘子、避雷器等工作。     

管状复合材料的应用与发展

介绍了管状复合材料的应用与发展情况,描述了管状复合材料的几种制备方法,重点介绍了纺织结构整体成型管状复合材料的发展,对比了三维编织、三维机织和三维针织织造管状结构的情况及其力学性能。阐述了管状复合材料在结构骨架材料、传动轴、输送管道及运动器材的应用情况,最后展望了管状复合材料的发展前景。     

交通领域用纺织品阻燃综述

介绍交通领域用纺织品的组成和性能要求,综述交通领域用阻燃纺织品的制备、性能测试及评价标准,并结合交通领域用纺织品的生产现状探讨其发展方向。     

钛含量对Inconel 690镍基合金力学性能的影响

研究了Ti含量(0.35%～1.10%)对Inconel 690镍基合金(%:0.034～0.036C、29.40～29.68Cr、9.11～9.22Fe、0.34～0.36A1、0.004 4～0.004 5N)950～1 100℃水冷+715℃15～100 h空冷后的室温和350℃的组织和力学性能。结果表明,含1.10%Ti合金的强度(Rm和Rp0.2)较含0.35%～0.70%Ti合金的强度高200～400 MPa,强度提高的主要原因为715℃时效后1.10%Ti合金析出3.70%～3.99%γ′强化相,而0.35%～0.70%Ti合金715℃时效后γ′强化相析出量仅为0～0.53%。     

南海北部神狐海域天然气水合物成藏系统

深化对于南海北部神狐海域天然气水合物（以下简称水合物）成藏系统的认识，有助于科学评价该区水合物资源潜力、指导下一步的勘查工作。为此，借鉴常规油气成藏系统理论，充分利用水合物勘查实践成果，提出了水合物成藏系统的概念，并以此系统论思想为基础，从水合物成藏的气源供给、流体输导及储集层出发，利用地震、测井、取心及测试等资料，深入分析了神狐海域水合物成藏系统的特征。研究结果表明：①该区水合物成藏具有双源、多通道、多期成藏的特征；②来自浅部的生物气和深部的热成因气，通过具有渗漏能力的断裂、底辟、气烟囱等通道以及具有一定渗透性的沉积岩运移至水合物稳定域内形成水合物藏；③气源供给、输导通道及储集层共同控制了水合物的差异聚集；④水合物成藏系统在纵向上呈现出明显的成藏组合，主要表现为低饱和度水合物层—高饱和度水合物层—水合物＋游离气层—游离气层上下叠置分布的特征；⑤平面上，不同区域水合物的产出状态、分布厚度、饱和度等差异明显。结论认为，神狐海域具有良好的水合物成藏条件，但水合物在聚集和分布上则呈现出不均匀性的特征，评价其资源潜力应综合考虑气源供给、输导通道及不同类型储集层在时空下的耦合关系。     

仿生鳞片针织结构自供能传感织物的制备及其性能

为研究仿生鳞片针织结构自供能传感织物结构对其性能的影响,利用针织成形工艺将锦纶纱线、聚四氟乙烯纱线及镀银锦纶纱线设计并制备三维仿生鳞片针织结构,形成基于仿生鳞片针织结构的自供能传感织物,并对其性能进行研究。结果表明：该仿生鳞片针织结构自供能传感织物可大规模织造,其电学输出性能受鳞片与间隔部分接触面积的影响,可通过调节纵向间隔来调控其电学性能;织物的各向异性与鳞片的纵向间隔及排列方式有关,小纵向间隔、叠瓦状排列方式下的应变强化特征明显,可提供较强的支撑性;该自供能传感织物保持织物内在舒适性的同时,兼具智能性与功能性,满足柔性与防护性需求。     

Crocodile Skin-Inspired Protective Composite Textiles with Pattern-Controllable Soft-Rigid Unified Structures

Functional textiles with desirable protective properties (i.e., high cut-, stab-, and abrasion resistance) and wearability (i.e., excellent flexibility and permeability) remain unmet goals for personal protective equipment. Herein, inspired by crocodile skin, a unique and soft-rigid unified structure (SRUS) is reported by integrating rigid protective blocks onto a soft textile substrate while obtaining a high cut-, stab-, and abrasion-resistant composite textile that is flexible, waterproof, and breathable. Rigid blocks, consisting of epoxy resin reinforced by inorganic powders, strongly adhere to the soft textile surface with small intervals between each other via a pattern-controllable integrated molding (PCIM) approach. Consequently, the SRUS design guarantees superior protective performance through rigid protective blocks and satisfactory flexibility and permeability via soft textiles and intervals. The SRUS textile achieves excellent cut-resistance (58 N), the highest grades of stab- (38 N) and abrasion-resistance (600 r mg⁻¹), and good flexibility (65 mN cm) and permeability (60 mm s⁻¹) values, indicating a distinct combination of desirable protective and wearable performance. The proposed SRUS protective textiles, incorporating the PCIM approach, offer a novel strategy for manufacturing functional soft composite textiles that combine high protective performance and good wearability, opening up a new avenue for the development of personal protective equipment.