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101.
Jae-Keun Lee Hee-Soo Shin Chan-Jung Park Chang-Geon Lee Jung-Eun Lee Young-Whan Kim 《Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering》2002,19(1):41-45
A laboratory-scale electrodewatering system, incorporating an electric field as an additional driving force to conventional
pressure dewatering, has been developed to decrease the water content of sludges generated in wastewater treatment. Consisting
of a piston-type filter press, a power supply and a data acquisition system, the electrodewatering system’s performance was
evaluated as a function of applied pressure, applied voltage, sludge type and filtration time. Experiments were carried out
using sewage sludges with the electric field up to 120 V/cm and pressure ranging from 98.1 to 392.4 kPa. Electrodewatering
involving a combination of electric field and pressure enhances both the dewatering rate and final dewatered volume. The final
water content of sewage sludges in the electrodewatering system can be reduced to 62 wt%, as compared to 78 wt% achieved with
the pressure filtration alone. The electrodewatering system shows the potential to be an effective method for reducing the
water content in sludges. 相似文献
102.
Dynamic mechanical properties of three different styrene-based ionomer blends containing ca. 5 mol% of ionic repeat units were investigated; the three ionic units were itaconate (ITANa), methacrylate (MANa), and styrenesulfonate (SNa). For SNa-MANa ionomers, it was observed that this ionomer system showed only two loss tangent peaks, implying that this ionomer system resembles a typical miscible system. When the ion content increased, however, the ionomer blend showed two cluster loss tangent peaks, indicating the presence of phase-separated cluster regions. This suggests that, with increasing ion content, the role of ionic units becomes more important than that of host non-ionic units to determine ionomer properties. In the case of ITANa-MANa and ITANa-SNa ionomers, however, it was suggested that the multiplets of the MANa and SNa ionomers might be disrupted upon the addition of the ITANa ionomers. In addition, the SEM images showed that the fracture surfaces of ionomers changed upon blending. 相似文献
103.
Ki-Pung Yoo Hun Yong Shin Min Jeong Noh Seong Sik You 《Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering》1997,14(5):341-346
To design a supercritical fluid extraction process for the separation of bioactive substances from natural products, a quantitative
knowledge of phase equilibria between target biosolutes and solvent is necessary. How-ever, mostly no such information is
available in literature to date. Thus in the present study, illustratively the solubility of bioactive coumarin and its various
derivatives (i.e., hydroxy-, methyl-, and methoxy-derivatives) in supercritical CO2 were measured at 308.15–328.15 K and 10–30 MPa. Also, the pure physical properties such as normal boiling point, critical
constants, acentric factor, molar volume and standard vapor pressure for coumarin and its derivatives were estimated. By these
estimated information, the measured solubilities were quantitatively correlated by an approximate lattice equation of state
proposed recently by the present authors. 相似文献
104.
Chul Kwak Stanley I. Sandler Hun-Soo Byun 《Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering》2006,23(6):1016-1022
The correlation of vapor-liquid equilibrium data for high-pressure carbon dioxide systems is of interest in a number of industrial
applications, including supercritical extraction. Here, we consider the correlation of data for 12 binary systems of carbon
dioxide separately with alcohols, with hydrocarbons, and with acetone, benzene, and water. The Wong-Sandler (W-S) and modified
Huron — Vidal first order (MHV1) free energy-based equation of state mixing rules (the W-S and MHV1 models) were used in the
calculations. Both combined equation of state+free energy models generally resulted in good correlations of the experimental
data over wide ranges of temperature and pressure with temperature — independent parameters. However, for the carbon dioxide+water
system, the W-S model produced an 11% average absolute deviation in pressure, while no parameter that resulted in an AAD in
pressure of less than 20% could be found for the MHV1 model. 相似文献
105.
Porous carbon beads were prepared by carbonizing at 700 and 1000 °C under N2 (NN-series) or CO2 atmospheres (CO-series) and a subsequent oxidization with boiling nitric acid solution (13%, v/v) for 3 h (ANN- and ACO-series). BET surface area of both CO- and NN-series samples tends to increase with increasing carbonization temperature, but CO-series samples show higher BET surface areas (700 °C: 610 m2/g, 1000 °C: 780 m2/g) compared with those of NN-series samples (700 °C: 380 m2/g, 1000 °C: 580 m2/g). After acid oxidation, BET surface areas of NN-series samples increased from 580 to 650 m2/g, whereas those of CO-series samples decreased from 780 to 600 m2/g. On subsequent acid oxidation, acidic surface functional groups increased in both CO- and NN-series samples, but the CO-series samples tend to have much more acidic surface functional groups. Adsorption of halogenated methanes, such as tetra-, tri- and dichloromethanes, onto the samples of CO-, NN-, ACO- and ANN-series was thought to be driven initially by the basicity, but the acidic functional groups that could attract adsorbates via dipole-dipole interaction might hinder the adsorption of subsequently incoming adsorbates. 相似文献
106.
Novel polyimides were synthesized from 1‐[3′,5′‐bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl] pyromellitic dianhydride (6FPPMDA) by a conventional two‐step process: the preparation of poly(amic acid) followed by solution imidization via refluxing in p‐chlorophenol. The diamines used for polyimide synthesis included bis(3‐aminophenyl)‐3,5‐bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl phosphine oxide, bis(3‐aminophenyl)‐4‐trifluoromethylphenyl phosphine oxide, and bis(3‐aminophenyl)phenyl phosphine oxide. The synthesized polyimides were designed to have a molecular weight of 20,000 g/mol by off‐stoichiometry and were characterized by Fourier transform infrared, NMR, differential scanning calorimetry, and thermogravimetric analysis. In addition, their intrinsic viscosity, solubility, water absorption, and coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) were also measured. The adhesion properties of the polyimides were evaluated via a T‐peel test with bare and silane/Cr‐coated Cu foils, and the failure surfaces were investigated with scanning electron microscopy. The 6FPPMDA‐based polyimides exhibited high glass‐transition temperatures (280–299°C), good thermal stability (>530°C in air), low water absorption (1.46–2.16 wt %), and fairly low CTEs (32–40 ppm/°C), in addition to good adhesion properties (83–88 g/mm) with silane/Cr‐coated Cu foils. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 96: 1801–1809, 2005 相似文献
107.
Native corn starch‐ and hydroxypropylated starch (HPS‐) based plastic films were prepared using the short pulp fiber as the reinforcement and the glycerol as the plasticizer. The results of tensile test showed that the strain and stress at break and elastic modulus increased with pulp content. With glycerol content, the strain at break increased considerably, but the breaking stress and elastic modulus decreased. And the stress–strain curves showed that the brittleness problem of films was overcome by the pulp, glycerol, and water content. The hydroxypropyl starch films showed results similar to those of the native starch films. The results of the three‐point bending test showed that maximum deflection, flexural strength, and specific work increased with pulp content, but the flexural modulus was the highest at a pulp content of 20%. And with the glycerol content, the maximum deflection and specific work of rupture increased, but the bending elastic modulus decreased. The hydroxypropyl starch films showed results similar to those of native starch films as far as the maximum deflection and flexural strength were concerned, but the bending elastic modulus and specific work of the hydroxypropyl starch films were considerably lower than those of starch films. So it was concluded that the flexibility of films was improved by the hydroxypropylation. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 88: 2108–2117, 2003 相似文献
108.
This study is to investigate the factors influencing the alcohol production byKluyveromyces fragilis using the juice of Jerusalem Artichoke tubers.
The cell growth rate and ethanol production rate were stimulated by aeration and by the addition of unsaturated fatty acids
and the cell mass production and the ethanol production were substantially improved.
It was found that oxygen and unsaturated fatty acids added played a decisive role on the increase of alcohol tolerance of
yeast. 相似文献
109.
High oleic acid oil suppresses lung tumorigenesis in mice through the modulation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase cascade 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Yamaki T Yano T Satoh H Endo T Matsuyama C Kumagai H Miyahara M Sakurai H Pokorny J Shin SJ Hagiwara K 《Lipids》2002,37(8):783-788
This study was undertaken to estimate the effect of dietary high oleic acid oil (OA) on 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone
(NNK)-induced lung tumorigenesis in mice. Diet containing 10% oil was fed to mice through experimental periods. On day 30
after NNK injection (100 mg/kg body weight, i.p.), the treatment increased the level of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) as well as proliferating cell nuclear antigen, a marker of cell proliferation in a high linoleic acid oil (LA)-fed group
but not in an OA-fed group. The NNK treatment also induced the activation of an extracellular signal-regulated kinase (Erk)
cascade (Erk, Mek and Raf-1) in an LA-fed group. On the other hand, OA feeding abolished the NNK-induced activation of the
Erk cascade. In conjugation with these events, OA feeding reduced lung tumor incidence and tumor multiplicity (percentage
of mice with tumors) in mice compared with LA feeding at the 20th experimental week. These results suggest that OA suppresses
lung tumorigenesis and that this suppression is correlated with the inhibition of PGE2 production and inactivation of the Erk cascade. 相似文献
110.
Byoung Chul Kim Hyun Woog Kang Young Han Kim 《Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering》2006,23(5):789-794
A crystallization monitoring system using a quartz crystal oscillator was utilized to predict different shapes of crystal
formation by measuring crystal growth rate and to measure supersaturation. Applying different rates of cooling, crystal formation
of different shapes was induced, and the frequency variation of the oscillator and the crystal shape observed with an SEM
were compared to determine how the frequency variation can be interpreted for the prediction of produced crystal shape. The
experimental results obtained from the crystallization of potassium nitrate and cupric sulfate solutions showed that the proposed
frequency measurement technique could be applied in the prediction of crystal shape of cooling crystallization processes.
In addition, supersaturation was determined from the measurements of solution and coolant temperatures. 相似文献