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991.
992.
Inês J. Seabra Mara E. M. Braga Maria T. P. Batista Hermínio C. de Sousa 《Food and Bioprocess Technology》2010,3(5):674-683
Fractionated high pressure extractions from dry and in natura elderberry pomace were performed in order to obtain anthocyanin rich extracts. Experiments were carried out using CO2 supercritical fluid extraction followed by enhanced solvent extraction (ESE) with CO2/EtOH–H2O mixtures (1–100%, v/v), to obtain anthocyanin rich fractions in the second step, at 313 K and ~20 MPa. Higher extract yields, anthocyanin contents
and antioxidant activities occurred by the presence of water, both in the raw material and in the solvent mixture. The CO2 dissolved in the ESE solvent mixture favored either anthocyanin contents or antioxidant activities, which were not directly
related. Comparing to the literature data for elderberries and grapes, these fractions had higher anthocyanins contents. From
these results, an added economical value to this agroindustrial residue is proposed, using solvents and techniques “generally
regarded as safe” in the food and pharmaceutical industries. 相似文献
993.
994.
For many years the introduction of Electronic Health Records (EHRs) in medical practice has been considered the best way to
provide efficient document sharing among different organizational settings. The actual results of these technologies, though,
do not seem to have matched expectations. The issue of document sharing has been lately readdressed by proposing the creation
of patient-controlled information and communication technologies, Personal Health Records (PHRs), providing laypeople the
tools to access, manage and share their health information electronically by connecting to the existing EHRs and other institutional
information systems. In this scenario, patients are called to play a major role in coordinating healthcare professionals by
providing them the information they need. From a CSCW perspective the PHR offers an interesting case to reflect on cooperative
work that requires new infrastructures that intersect organizational settings and extend into domestic environments. So far
though, there has not been enough research to shed light on the self-care activities carried out in the households and how
these integrate with the organizational practices of doctors and institutions. Our analyses show that health record keeping
is an articulation work necessary for meetings with doctors to proceed smoothly. To do so, people integrate the information
contained in medical documents by working on them with annotations, underlinings and integrations. Moreover, we show that
health record keeping is a spatialized activity that is inextricably interwoven with the everyday routine and objects. Finally,
we provide a tentative classification of three different strategies laypeople use to sort out health records: minimum effort,
adaptive, networking. 相似文献
995.
Márcia Campos Brasil Annelise Engel Gerbase Maria Augusta de Luca José Ribeiro Gregório 《Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society》2007,84(3):289-295
Hybrid organic–inorganic films were prepared using four different hydroxylated soybean oils (HSO) or epoxidized soybean oil
as organic precursor and tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) as inorganic precursor in a mass ratio of HSO:TEOS of 90:10. The
films were macroscopically homogeneous and were characterized by swelling and extraction in solvent, thermogravimetric analysis
(TGA), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) including energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDX), adhesion and hardness. Their properties
varied as a function of the number of OH groups present in the HSO. The best hybrid system was HSOF198/TEOS, with an OH value
of 198 mg of KOH/g, which presents lower swelling coefficient, very good adhesion on aluminium surface and good hardness. 相似文献
996.
In this paper we show how to establish a reliable and efficient high level communication system in a randomly deployed network of sensors equipped with directional antennas. This high level communication system enables the programming of the sensor network using high level communication functionalities without the burden of taking care of their physical capacities (low range, unidirectional links, single frequency, presence of collisions, etc.). The high level communication functionalities we offer include point-to-point communication, point-to-area communication, and one-to-all communication. The basic idea to implement this system is to simulate a virtual network that emerges from the ad-hoc network using self-organization, self-discovery and collaborative methods. We also analyse the efficiency, scalability and robustness of the proposed protocols. 相似文献
997.
We present results of a numerical simulation of the thermal convection in the subsurface mushy ice layer of Europa, one of the Jupiter’s moons. Beside fluid dynamics and heat transfer within such a layer, heat conduction in the solid crustal surface and heat exchange between the two phases – mushy ice and solid crust – are included in our model in order to follow also the evolution of the phase front. 相似文献
998.
Ian W Hamley Valeria Castelletto Nágila MPS Ricardo Maria EN Pinho Colin Booth David Attwood Zhuo Yang 《Polymer International》2007,56(1):88-92
Small‐angle X‐ray scattering was used to characterise aqueous micellar gels of triblock copolymers E137S18E137, E82S9E82, E76S5E76, E62P39E62, and of two mixtures: E137S18E137 and E62P39E62 (Mix 1) and E82S9E82 and E62P39E62 (Mix 2), each 50/50 wt%. E = oxyethylene, CH2CH2O; S = oxyphenylethylene, OCH2CH(C6H5); and P = oxypropylene, OCH2CH(CH3). Within the concentration and temperature ranges investigated (30–40 wt% copolymer, 20–80 °C), spherical micelles of copolymers E137S18E137, E82S9E82 and E62P39E62 packed into body‐centred cubic (BCC) structures. Gels of E76S5E76 were stable only at high concentrations and low temperatures, and a 70 wt% copolymer solution at T = 30 °C formed a hexagonal gel consistent with cylindrical micelles. It is likely that the mixed copolymers would form two distributions of micelles, and more complex structures were expected. However, gels of Mix 2 had well‐ordered BCC structures, while the less ordered gels of Mix 1 were also best characterised as BCC. Copyright © 2006 Society of Chemical Industry 相似文献
999.
A highly efficient Suzuki cross-coupling reaction between phenyl bromide and phenylboronic acid catalyzed by the palladium complex Pd[tBuNH(S)NHP(O)(OiPr)2-S]2Cl2 in acetonitrile, toluene, THF or DMF has been investigated. The bases we have employed for this reaction were Na2CO3, K2CO3 or Cs2CO3. It was established that using DMF and K2CO3 at 100 °C shows excellent yields of the product at the catalyst amount of 0.1 mmol. The cross-coupling reactions of iodo- and chloro-benzene with phenylboronic acid were also investigated. The influence of the halide nature was as expected. 相似文献
1000.
Jewgenij Botaschanjan Manfred Broy Alexander Gruler Alexander Harhurin Steffen Knapp Leonid Kof Wolfgang Paul Maria Spichkova 《Formal Aspects of Computing》2008,20(6):637-662
Formal verification of software systems is a challenge that is particularly important in the area of safety-critical automotive systems. Here, approaches like direct code verification are far too complicated, unless the verification is restricted to small textbook examples. Furthermore, the verification of application logic is of limited use in industrial context, unless the underlying operating system and the hardware are verified, too. This paper introduces a generic model stack, allowing the verification of all system layers as well as the concrete application models being used in the upper layers. The presented models and proofs close the gap between the correctness proof for the lower layers of car electronics developed at the Saarland University and the verification procedure for distributed applications developed at the Technische Universität München. 相似文献