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991.
Mining process models with non-free-choice constructs 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
Lijie Wen Wil M. P. van der Aalst Jianmin Wang Jiaguang Sun 《Data mining and knowledge discovery》2007,15(2):145-180
Process mining aims at extracting information from event logs to capture the business process as it is being executed. Process
mining is particularly useful in situations where events are recorded but there is no system enforcing people to work in a
particular way. Consider for example a hospital where the diagnosis and treatment activities are recorded in the hospital
information system, but where health-care professionals determine the “careflow.” Many process mining approaches have been
proposed in recent years. However, in spite of many researchers’ persistent efforts, there are still several challenging problems
to be solved. In this paper, we focus on mining non-free-choice constructs, i.e., situations where there is a mixture of choice
and synchronization. Although most real-life processes exhibit non-free-choice behavior, existing algorithms are unable to
adequately deal with such constructs. Using a Petri-net-based representation, we will show that there are two kinds of causal
dependencies between tasks, i.e., explicit and implicit ones. We propose an algorithm that is able to deal with both kinds
of dependencies. The algorithm has been implemented in the ProM framework and experimental results shows that the algorithm
indeed significantly improves existing process mining techniques. 相似文献
992.
Modeling mechatronic multibody systems requires the same type of methodology as for designing and prototyping mechatronic
devices: a unified and integrated engineering approach. Various formulations are currently proposed to deal with multiphysics
modeling, e.g., graph theories, equational approaches, co-simulation techniques. Recent works have pointed out their relative
advantages and drawbacks, depending on the application to deal with: model size, model complexity, degree of coupling, frequency
range, etc. This paper is the result of a close collaboration between three laboratories, and aims at showing that for “non-academic”
mechatronic applications (i.e., issuing from real industrial issues), multibody dynamics formulations can be generalized to
mechatronic systems, for the model generation as well as for the numerical analysis phases. Model portability being also an
important aspect of the work, they must be easily interfaced with control design and optimization programs. A global “demonstrator”,
based on an industrial case, is discussed: multiphysics modeling and mathematical optimization are carried out to illustrate
the consistency and the efficiency of the proposed approaches. 相似文献
993.
A recently proposed argument to explain the improved performance of the eight-point algorithm that results from using normalized
data (Chojnacki, W., et al. in IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell. 25(9):1172–1177, 2003) relies upon adoption of a certain model for statistical data distribution. Under this model, the cost function that underlies
the algorithm operating on the normalized data is statistically more advantageous than the cost function that underpins the
algorithm using unnormalized data. Here we extend this explanation by introducing a more refined, structured model for data
distribution. Under the extended model, the normalized eight-point algorithm turns out to be approximately consistent in a
statistical sense. The proposed extension provides a link between the existing statistical rationalization of the normalized
eight-point algorithm and the approach of Mühlich and Mester for enhancing total least squares estimation methods via equilibration.
The paper forms part of a wider effort to rationalize and interrelate foundational methods in vision parameter estimation. 相似文献
994.
E. M. Gavrishchuk E. Yu. Vilkova O. V. Timofeev U. P. Borovskikh E. L. Tikhonova 《Inorganic Materials》2007,43(6):579-583
Chemical interaction between polished surfaces of polycrystalline zinc selenide and inorganic acid solutions of various concentrations has been studied. 相似文献
995.
V. V. Ustinov A. B. Rinkevich L. N. Romashev E. A. Kuznetsov 《Technical Physics Letters》2007,33(9):771-774
The reflection of electromagnetic waves in the millimeter wave band from Fe/Cr nanostructures has been studied. It is established that the giant magnetoresistance (GMR) in the nanostructure leads to an increase in the reflection and a decrease in the transmission of microwaves, while the magnetic resonance leads to a decrease in both the reflection and transmission coefficients. 相似文献
996.
I. V. Oryshich N. E. Poryadchenko N. P. Brodnikovskii 《Powder Metallurgy and Metal Ceramics》2004,43(9-10):497-503
We have studied the oxidation resistance of chromium intermetallics: TiCr2, HfCr2, and ZrCr2, in the temperature interval 873–1473 K with isothermal holding of the specimens for up to 20 h. We have shown that the intermetallics TiCr2 and HfCr2 are oxidized 2–3 times more slowly than pure titanium and hafnium, but more than 1–2 orders of magnitude faster than chromium at T≤1273 K and 4–6 times faster at 1473 K. In this temperature interval, the intermetallic ZrCr2 is rapidly oxidized at an increasing rate as the heating temperature rises. The scaling resistance of intermetallics of Group IV d metals with chromium is determined by formation of scales in which the major role is played by the oxides TiO2, HfO2, and ZrO2, with weak protective properties. 相似文献
997.
The continuous reduction of chip size driven by the market demand has a significant impact on circuit design and assembly process of IC packages. Shrinking chip size and increasing I/O counts require finer bond pad pitch and bond pad size for circuitry layout. As a result, serious wire deflection during transfer molding process could make adjacent wires short, and this issue becomes more critical as a smaller wire diameter has to be applied for the finer pitch wire bonded IC devices.This paper presents a new encapsulation process development for 50 μm fine pitch plastic ball grid array package. Since reduced wire diameter decreases the bending strength of bonded wires significantly, wire deflection during molding process becomes quite serious and critical. Experiments on conventional transfer molding were conducted to evaluate wire span threshold with 23.0 μm diameter gold wire. The results show that the wire span threshold is about 4.1 mm, which is much shorter than the wire span threshold of over 5.0 mm for wire with 25.4 μm diameter. Finite element analysis shows there is a significant difference in the wire deflection between 23.0 μm gold wire and 25.4 μm gold wire diameter under the same action of mold flow. A novel encapsulation method is introduced using non-sweep solution. The wire span could be extended to over 5.0 mm with wire sweep less than 1%. Reliability tests conducted showed that all the units passed 1000 temperature cycles (−55 to 125 °C) with JEDEC moisture sensitivity level 2a (60 °C/60% relative humidity for 120 h) and 3 times reflow (peak temperature at 220–225 °C). It is believed that this solution could efficiently overcome the risk of wire short issues and improve the yield of ultra fine pitch wire bonds in high-volume production. 相似文献
998.
Energy management for commercial servers 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Servers: high-end, multiprocessor systems running commercial workloads, have typically included extensive cooling systems and resided in custom-built rooms for high-power delivery. Recently, as transistor density and demand for computing resources have rapidly increased, even these high-end systems face energy-use constraints. Commercial-server energy management now focuses on conserving power in the memory and microprocessor subsystems. Because their workloads are typically structured as multiple application programs, system-wide approaches are more applicable to multiprocessor environments in commercial servers than techniques that primarily apply to single-application environments, such as those based on compiler optimizations. 相似文献
999.
1000.
B. V. Kuteev V. Yu. Sergeev V. A. Belopol’sky V. M. Timokhin R. Burhenn 《Technical Physics Letters》2003,29(4):302-304
Experiments performed on a Wendelstein 7-AS stellarator revealed asymmetry of the cloud of an ablating carbon pellet. The cloud is elongated in the direction of large radius toward stronger fields, that is, opposite to the direction expected due to the toroidal drift. In order to study the effect in more detail, the three-dimensional structure of the cloud was analyzed by computer tomography. The results confirmed asymmetry of the cloud. This asymmetry is related to a drift flow existing in the plasma and directed along large radius toward stronger fields. The drift velocity is numerically estimated at ~300 m/s. 相似文献