外照射个人剂量监测数据微机管理系统

本文主要介绍了在IBM系列微机上开发的个人剂量数据管理系统软件包的设计思想、功能和特点。经过运行试用证明,该系统对国内中、小规模剂量数据管理系统具有实用价值。     

旋转磁场下铀中夹杂物运动行为模拟与实验研究

开展了旋转磁场对金属铀的净化模拟以及实验研究。采用了带芯柱形与无芯柱形两种坩埚,对比分析了铀熔体中夹杂物的迁移与聚合长大,并对电磁净化实验工艺进行了优化。由熔体流场速率分布以及夹杂物的迁移与碰撞模拟结果和实验结果分析可知,夹杂物在旋转磁场作用下能够发生碰撞聚合长大,碰撞聚合主要集中在铀熔体芯部区域。添加坩埚芯促进了熔体中夹杂物碰撞与聚合长大,使之更易上浮去除。采用旋转磁场净化金属铀,带芯柱形坩埚熔体中夹杂物碰撞聚集效果与杂质去除效果明显优于无芯柱形坩埚。     

New highly proton-conducting membrane based on sulfonated poly(arylene ether sulfone)s containing fluorophenyl pendant groups,for low-temperature polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells

A novel series of sulfonated poly(arylene ether sulfone)s (SPAESs) containing fluorophenyl pendant groups are successfully developed and their membranes are evaluated in low-temperature proton exchange membrane fuel cells. The SPAESs are synthesized from 4,4′-dichlorodiphenylsulfone (DCDPS), 3,3′-disulfonate-4,4′-dichlorodiphenylsulfone (SDCDPS), and (4-fluorophenyl)hydroquinone by nucleophilic aromatic substitution polycondensation. The structure and properties of SPAESs membranes are characterized using ¹H-NMR, EA, FT-IR, TG, and DSC, along with the proton conductivity, water uptake, ion exchange capacity and chemical stability. A maximum proton conductivity of 0.35 S cm⁻¹ at 90 °C is achieved for SPAES membrane with 50% SDCDPS. These SPAES membranes display high dimensional stability and oxidative durability, due to the introduction of fluorophenyl pendant groups on the polymer backbone. The fuel cell performances of the MEAs with SPAES reaches an initial power density of 120.6 mW cm⁻² at 30 °C, and greatly increases to 224.3 mW cm⁻² at 80 °C using H₂ and O₂ gases.     

Biofortification with selenium and lithium improves nutraceutical properties of major winery grapes in the Midwestern United States

Enriching the micronutrients, selenium (Se) and lithium (Li), in grapes to improve their nutraceutical properties were implemented by foliar application of organic fertiliser rich in Se and Li onto five grape cultivars. The effects of this biofortification on vine vigour, fruit quality, overall micronutrients and phenolic compounds also were investigated. Agronomic biofortification was found greatly increased the Se and Li content in the whole grape by multiple times, meanwhile it did not significantly affect the vine vigour and fruit quality of grapes. However, the biofortification did impact the Ionome (including all the mineral nutrients and trace elements) and phenolic compounds in grapes and this varied among cultivars. This study demonstrated foliar spray of organic Se/Li fertiliser was a very effective strategy to biofortify these micronutrients in grape berries, particularly in the skin, and therefore might be a promising strategy to increase the consumption and awareness of these grapes.     

Fractal Characteristics and Prediction of Ti-15-3 Alloy Recrystallized Microstructure

Grain shape of the hot deforming alloy is an important of material. The fractal theory was applied to analyze index to character the microstructure and performance the recrystallized microstructure of Ti-15-3 alloy after hot deformation and solution treatment. The fractal dimensions of recrystallized grains were calculated by slit island method. The influence of processing parameters on fractal dimension and grain size was studied, It has been shown that the shapes of recrystallized grain boundaries are self-similar, and the fractal dimension varies from 1 to 2. With increasing deformation degree and strain rate or decreasing deformation temperature, the fractal dimension of grain boundaries increased and the grain size decreased. So the fractal dimension could characterize the grain shape and size. A neural network model was trained to predict the fractal dimension of recrystallized microstructure and the result is in excellent agreement with the experimental data.     

CCD实时图像采集处理系统测量透镜像差

本文给出用CCD摄像机及DIP图像处理系统在双频光栅剪切光路中测量透镜像差的原理和实测结果。     

燃煤过程中水蒸气对砷释放特性的影响

为了研究水蒸气对煤燃烧过程中砷释放特性的影响,在800~1 300℃下对庆华煤进行燃烧试验,并结合XRD分析了水蒸气对砷释放的作用机理。气氛中有水蒸气时,可以明显加快煤的失重;相同温度下,气氛中存在水蒸气时,煤中砷的逃逸有一定的增加,随着水蒸气浓度的增加,逃逸率增加趋势放缓;随着温度的增加,水蒸气对砷的逃逸率的提升效果减弱。在水蒸气气氛下灰的矿物质组成结构发生变化,石膏等硫酸盐增多,主要是水蒸气促进了石膏的形成,缩减了高活性CaO的停留时间,抑制了CaO对砷的捕捉,造成砷吸附率降低,逃逸率增加。     

雷达波导件精密挤压成形工艺

雷达用波导件具有壁厚薄且不均匀、尺寸精度高等特点,采用常规挤压成形,由于金属流动的不均匀性,会出现端部成形高度不一致的现象,不仅造成材料的极大浪费,甚至会使零件报废。该文针对常规挤压成形的缺陷进行分析,采用数值模拟与物理实验相结合的方法,研究缺陷成因和解决方法,通过改变润滑条件及成形温度,一定程度上改善了成形效果,但难以避免其他缺陷的产生。因此提出了背压挤压成形工艺,消除了成形缺陷,成功制出了合格的波导零件,并且有效提高了材料的塑性成形性能,为复杂型结构件精密挤压成形工艺提供了思路。     

以尚希庄水库为例探讨GB50487规范中标贯液化复判法的缺陷

以尚希庄水库为例,通过国际通用的Seed简化方法以及现行《水利水电工程地质勘察规范》的标贯复判法对其坝基土分别进行判别,得出不同的结果。由此对规范标贯复判法中的N计算公式提出质疑,建议对其进行完善。     

基于模糊负荷聚类的不良负荷数据辨识与修正

为辨识和修正不良负荷数据,在利用模拟退火遗传算法优化的模糊C均值（Fuzzy C-Means,FCM）算法进行负荷曲线聚类的基础上,提出将待测曲线与相应特征曲线进行比较计算差量系数的方法.差量系数大于电力公司确定的阈值的负荷点即为不良负荷数据.通过算例验证表明,该方法克服了统计历史数据中不良数据的影响,提高了不良数据辨识的可操作性和实用性.同时提出了考虑不良数据测量点外所有其他测量点负荷信息的不良数据修正方法,与仅考虑不良数据测量点前后2个测量点负荷信息的修正方法相比,提高了不良数据修正的精确性和有效性.