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81.
Florent Peres Bernard Berthomieu François Vernadat 《Discrete Event Dynamic Systems》2011,21(3):395-424
Complex systems are often designed and built from smaller pieces, called components. Components are open sub-systems meant
to be combined (or composed) to form other components or closed systems. It is well known that Petri nets allow such a component
based modeling, relying on parallel composition and transition synchronization. However, synchronizing transitions that carry
temporal constraints does not yield a compositional method for assembling components, a highly desirable property. The paper
addresses this particular problem: how to build complex systems in a compositional manner from components specified by Time
Petri nets (TPN). A first solution is proposed, adequate for a particular subclass of Time Petri nets but significantly increasing the complexity
of components. Then an improved solution is developed, relying on an extension of Time Petri nets with two relations added
on transitions. This latter solution requires a much simpler transformation of nets, does not significantly increase their
complexity, and is applicable to a larger class of TPN. 相似文献
82.
Emmanuel?FiliotEmail author Naiyong?Jin Jean-Fran?ois?Raskin 《Formal Methods in System Design》2011,39(3):261-296
In this paper, we present new monolithic and compositional algorithms to solve the LTL realizability problem. Those new algorithms are based on a reduction of the LTL realizability problem to a game whose winning condition is defined by a universal automaton on infinite words with a k-co-Büchi acceptance condition. This acceptance condition asks that runs visit at most k accepting states, so it implicitly defines a safety game. To obtain efficient algorithms from this construction, we need several additional ingredients. First, we study the structure
of the underlying automata constructions, and we show that there exists a partial order that structures the state space of
the underlying safety game. This partial order can be used to define an efficient antichain algorithm. Second, we show that the algorithm can be implemented in an incremental way by considering increasing values of k in the acceptance condition. Finally, we show that for large LTL formulas that are written as conjunctions of smaller formulas, we can solve the problem compositionally by first computing winning strategies for each conjunct that appears in the large formula. We report on the behavior of those
algorithms on several benchmarks. We show that the compositional algorithms are able to handle LTL formulas that are several pages long. 相似文献
83.
Julien Fleureau Karim Bensalah Denis Rolland Olivier Lavastre Nathalie Rioux-Leclercq François Guillé Jean-Jacques Patard Renaud de Crevoisier Lotfi Senhadji 《Expert systems with applications》2011,38(11):14301-14306
In this study, we propose to evaluate the potential of Raman spectroscopy (RS) to assess renal tumours at surgery. Different classes of Raman renal spectra acquired during a clinical protocol are discriminated using support vector machines classifiers. The influence on the classification scores of various preprocessing steps generally involved in RS are also investigated and evaluated in the particular context of renal tumour characterization. Encouraging results show the interest of RS to evaluate kidney cancer and suggest the potential of this technique as a surgical assistance during partial nephrectomy. 相似文献
84.
Alvaro E. Cuno Parari Claudio Esperança Antonio A. F. Oliveira 《The Visual computer》2009,25(10):911-922
This work presents methods for deforming meshes in a shape-sensitive way using Moving Least Squares (MLS) optimization. It
extends an approach for deforming space (Cuno et al. in Proceedings of the 27th Computer Graphics International Conference,
pp. 115–122, 2007) by showing how custom distance metrics may be used to achieve deformations which preserve the overall mesh shape. Several
variant formulations are discussed and demonstrated, including the use of geodesic distances, distances constrained to paths
contained in the mesh, the use of skeletons, and a reformulation of the MLS scheme which makes it possible to affect the bending
behavior of the deformation. Finally, aspects of the implementation of these techniques in parallel architectures such as
GPUs (graphics processing units) are described and compared with CPU-only implementations. 相似文献
85.
Mathieu Le Coz François Delclaux Pierre Genthon Guillaume Favreau 《Computers & Geosciences》2009,35(8):1661-1670
Digital Elevation Models (DEMs) are used to compute the hydro-geomorphological variables required by distributed hydrological models. However, the resolution of the most precise DEMs is too fine to run these models over regional watersheds. DEMs therefore need to be aggregated to coarser resolutions, affecting both the representation of the land surface and the hydrological simulations. In the present paper, six algorithms (mean, median, mode, nearest neighbour, maximum and minimum) are used to aggregate the Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM) DEM from 3″ (90 m) to 5′ (10 km) in order to simulate the water balance of the Lake Chad basin (2.5 Mkm2). Each of these methods is assessed with respect to selected hydro-geomorphological properties that influence Terrestrial Hydrology Model with Biogeochemistry (THMB) simulations, namely the drainage network, the Lake Chad bottom topography and the floodplain extent.The results show that mean and median methods produce a smoother representation of the topography. This smoothing involves the removing of the depressions governing the floodplain dynamics (floodplain area<5000 km2) but it eliminates the spikes and wells responsible for deviations regarding the drainage network. By contrast, using other aggregation methods, a rougher relief representation enables the simulation of a higher floodplain area (>14,000 km2 with the maximum or nearest neighbour) but results in anomalies concerning the drainage network. An aggregation procedure based on a variographic analysis of the SRTM data is therefore suggested. This consists of preliminary filtering of the 3″ DEM in order to smooth spikes and wells, then resampling to 5′ via the nearest neighbour method so as to preserve the representation of depressions. With the resulting DEM, the drainage network, the Lake Chad bathymetric curves and the simulated floodplain hydrology are consistent with the observations (3% underestimation for simulated evaporation volumes). 相似文献
86.
87.
88.
Jean-François Aujol 《Journal of Mathematical Imaging and Vision》2009,34(3):307-327
This paper deals with first-order numerical schemes for image restoration. These schemes rely on a duality-based algorithm proposed in 1979 by Bermùdez and Moreno. This is an old and forgotten algorithm that is revealed wider than recent schemes (such as the Chambolle projection algorithm) and able to improve contemporary schemes. Total variation regularization and smoothed total variation regularization are investigated. Algorithms are presented for such regularizations in image restoration. We prove the convergence of all the proposed schemes. We illustrate our study with numerous numerical examples. We make some comparisons with a class of efficient algorithms (proved to be optimal among first-order numerical schemes) recently introduced by Y. Nesterov. 相似文献
89.
François Waldner Diego De Abelleyra Santiago R. Verón Miao Zhang Bingfang Wu Dmitry Plotnikov 《International journal of remote sensing》2016,37(14):3196-3231
Accurate cropland information is of paramount importance for crop monitoring. This study compares five existing cropland mapping methodologies over five contrasting Joint Experiment for Crop Assessment and Monitoring (JECAM) sites of medium to large average field size using the time series of 7-day 250 m Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) mean composites (red and near-infrared channels). Different strategies were devised to assess the accuracy of the classification methods: confusion matrices and derived accuracy indicators with and without equalizing class proportions, assessing the pairwise difference error rates and accounting for the spatial resolution bias. The robustness of the accuracy with respect to a reduction of the quantity of calibration data available was also assessed by a bootstrap approach in which the amount of training data was systematically reduced. Methods reached overall accuracies ranging from 85% to 95%, which demonstrates the ability of 250 m imagery to resolve fields down to 20 ha. Despite significantly different error rates, the site effect was found to persistently dominate the method effect. This was confirmed even after removing the share of the classification due to the spatial resolution of the satellite data (from 10% to 30%). This underlines the effect of other agrosystems characteristics such as cloudiness, crop diversity, and calendar on the ability to perform accurately. All methods have potential for large area cropland mapping as they provided accurate results with 20% of the calibration data, e.g. 2% of the study area in Ukraine. To better address the global cropland diversity, results advocate movement towards a set of cropland classification methods that could be applied regionally according to their respective performance in specific landscapes. 相似文献
90.
Luís Miguel Alves Fernandes Gonçalo Cruz Matos Diogo Azevedo Ricardo Rodrigues Nunes Hugo Paredes Leonel Morgado 《Behaviour & Information Technology》2016,35(11):907-918
ABSTRACTGestural interaction devices emerged and originated various studies on multimodal human–computer interaction to improve user experience (UX). However, there is a knowledge gap regarding the use of these devices to enhance learning. We present an exploratory study which analysed the UX with a multimodal immersive videogame prototype, based on a Portuguese historical/cultural episode. Evaluation tests took place in high school environments and public videogaming events. Two users would be present simultaneously in the same virtual reality (VR) environment: one as the helmsman aboard Vasco da Gama’s fifteenth-century Portuguese ship and the other as the mythical Adamastor stone giant at the Cape of Good Hope. The helmsman player wore a VR headset to explore the environment, whereas the giant player used body motion to control the giant, and observed results on a screen, with no headset. This allowed a preliminary characterisation of UX, identifying challenges and potential use of these devices in multi-user virtual learning contexts. We also discuss the combined use of such devices, towards future development of similar systems, and its implications on learning improvement through multimodal human–computer interaction. 相似文献