过程装备多媒体CAI应用软件的开发

以创作软件３ Ｄ Ｓｔｕｄｉｏ ４．０ 及 Ｍｉｃｒｏｓｏｆｔ Ｐｏｗ ｅｒｐｏｉｎｔ ９５ 与著作软件 Ａｕｔｈｏｒｗ ａｒｅ Ｐｒｏｆｅｓｓｉｏｎａｌ３．５ 为开发工具,开发了过程装备多媒体 Ｃ Ａ Ｉ应用软件,它涵盖了《化工设备设计》课程,并增加了生物流化床反应器等方面的内容,动画效果逼真、生动、形象地反映了单元操作设备零部件之间的结构关系。完善的交互设计,界面设计和导航设计极大地方便了用户的使用,尤其适合于课堂教学。     

Functional acrylic acid as stabilizer for synthesis of smart hydrogel particles containing a magnetic Fe3O4 core

This paper reports a novel method to synthesize magnetic, stimuli-sensitive latex nanoparticles made with magnetite/poly(N-isopropylacrylamide-co-acrylic acid) (Fe₃O₄/P(NIPAAm-co-AAc)). To form a stabilized suspended core, iron oxide (Fe₃O₄) was functionalized with AAc such that further polymerization with NIPAAm and AAc monomers could occur. The P(NIPAAm-co-AAc) shell layer exhibited thermosensitive properties. The inclusion of Fe₃O₄ into the latex nanoparticles was confirmed using transmission electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA), and superconducting quantum interference device magnetometer. The NIP–(AAc2.6–Fe) latex nanoparticles contained 2.25% Fe₃O₄ (by weight), as determined by TGA analysis. The particle diameters measured approximately 160–240 nm with a lower critical solution temperature of 35 °C. These novel magnetic stimuli-responsive latex nanoparticles have potential applications in numerous fields, such as catalyst supports, protein immobilization, cancer therapy, target drug delivery systems, and other biomedical applications.     

Effect of La/K A-site Substitutions on the Ordering of Ba(Zn1/3Ta2/3)O3

The 1/3 <111>-type ordering of Ba(Zn_1/3Ta_2/3)O₃ (BZT) can be transformed to 1/2 <111>–type ordering by substituting the La³⁺ cation into the A site. The 1/3 <111> ordering in BZT is shown to be reduced, discontinued, and then replaced by 1/2 <111> ordering, using X–ray diffraction, electron microscopy, and Raman spectroscopy. On the other hand, potassium–substituted BZT only displays a reduction in the degree of ordering.     

Figure of merit for the quality of ZrO2 coatings on stainless steel and nickel-based alloy surfaces

A figure of merit (FOM) has been developed to define the quality of ceramic (e.g., ZrO₂) coatings on metal and alloy [Type 304SS and Alloy 600] surfaces. Zirconia (ZrO₂) coatings were developed as a means of protecting the metal/alloy surfaces from stress corrosion cracking (SCC) in boiling water reactor (BWR) primary heat transport circuits, by inhibiting the cathodic reaction (reduction of oxygen and hydrogen peroxide) on the surface external to the crack. The distribution of pores in the coating plays an important role in corrosion prevention, such that the lower the porosity of the coating, the better the protection afforded to the system against SCC. Since the reactors operate at high temperature (e.g., at 288 °C under full power conditions), the temperature dependence of the FOM was investigated. The figure of merit (FOM) was developed by measuring impedance data over a wide range of frequency (10 mHz-5 kHz) at temperatures of 25, 100, 200, and 288 °C in hydrogenated, buffered solutions, with the hydrogen electrode reaction (HER) being used as a “fast” redox couple. An “equivalent circuit” analog was first developed from the bare surface impedance data and this analog was then employed in a second step to model the pore bottom in defining the pore distribution on the coated surface. A lognormal distribution (LND) of the pores was assumed and the parameters of the LND were determined using a constrained optimization technique to fit the model to the experimental data for the coated surface at different temperatures. The results suggest that, as temperature increases, the coating becomes more porous, making the substrate more susceptible to corrosion cracking. At 288 °C, 87% of the SS and 85% of the Ni-alloy surfaces become porous with the pore radius varying from 0.0001 cm to 0.01 cm.     

Designing learning objects that afford learners the experience of important variations in Chinese characters

Effective teaching should focus the attention of learners to its essential aspects. It follows that instructional software can be designed in such a way that allows learners to experience the important variations in the critical aspects of the content to be learned. This paper reports on the experience of designing such special kinds of instructional learning objects for the learning of Chinese characters. The design of these learning objects takes into consideration not only what Chinese characters are all about but also how learners commonly make errors while they learn to write the characters. Out of the analysis of these learners' errors, variations in the structural features of Chinese characters were pulled out and embodied in the design of the learning objects. Learners tinkering with the learning objects can thus implicitly develop a sense of the structural features or regularity of Chinese characters, which most importantly should prepare the learners to learn more new characters in the future. The main proposal of this paper is the notion of this variation‐affording instructional software that allows learners to attend to the essential aspects of what is to be learned. Furthermore, the idea of the learning object also differs from other instructional software in its small, self‐contained and reusable nature, such that teachers can flexibly embed the learning objects into their own teaching materials.     

A fault-tolerant object service in the OMG's object management architecture

The object management architecture (OMA) has been recognized as a de facto standard in the development of object services in a distributed computing environment. In a distributed system, the provision for failure-recovery is always a vital design issue. However, the fault-tolerant service has not been extensively considered in the current OMA framework, despite the fact that an increasing number of useful common services and common facilities have been adopted in OMA. In this paper, we propose a fault-tolerance developing environment, called Phoinix, which is compatible to the OMA framework. In Phoinix, object services can be developed with embedded fault-tolerance capability to tolerate both hardware and software failures. The fault-tolerance capability in Phoinix is classified into two levels: restart, and rollback-recovery; where the fault-tolerance capability enhances as the level increases. Currently, Phoinix is ported on Orbix 2.0 and on SunOS 4.2. In this paper, the design and implementation of Phoinix is presented and its performance is evaluated.     

SOME ASPECTS OF THE THERMODYNAMICS OF MELTS

为了从二元系中两组元活度的测定值之比求得该两组元的活度值,导出了一个变通的 Gibbs-Duhem 方程式,并在 PbCl_2-SnCl_2,PbCl_2-CdCl_2,AgCl-CuCl,Cu_2S-FeS,PbO-BiO_(1.5),PbO-SbO_(1.5),CaO-CaF_2及 CaO-SiO_2-CaF_2等冶金熔体中得到应用.多年前所发展的从 Ag 和 Pb 二元相图求得两组元活度的方法已扩大到含有单个 AB 化合物的二元系.用这一方法已求得 In-Sb 和 Sn-Te 系中各组元的活度.在研究某些黑色冶金渣与金属间的平衡时,用一适当选择的非铁金属代替 Fe作为熔剂金属有助于克服某些实验上的困难.采用 Sn 或 Cu 与熔渣平衡研究了 CaO-SiO_2,CaO-Al_2O_3和 CaO-SiO_2-Al_2O_3体系.对 CaO-SiO_2二元系获得的数据可以认为具有足够的准确度来验证 Masson 模型的合理性.     

CONVECTIVE DRYING OF BANANA,GUAVA AND POTATO PIECES : EFFECT OF CYCLICAL VARIATIONS OF AIR TEMPERATURE ON DRYING KINETICS AND COLOR CHANGE

ABSTRACT

Pieces of banana, guava and potato were dried in a two-stage heat pump dryer capable of precise control of air humidity with predetermined cyclic variations of air temperature entering the drying chamber. The air temperature variations tested were : a cosine, a reversed cosine and three different square wave profiles with peak-to-valley variations from 20^°C to 40^°C. The cycle time was about 60 minutes with drying time of approximately 300 minutes. The drying samples were placed on trays in a thin layer. With appropriate choice of temperature-time variation, it is possible to reduce the overall color change while maintaining high drying rates.     

Comparison between the use of unifoil double balloon and bifoil balloon in successful mitral valvuloplasty by balloon catheter

PURPOSE: To compare immediate and long term results balloon mitral valvuloplasty (BMV) using double balloon or bifoil balloon. METHODS: One hundred and thirteen consecutive cases of BMV used aleatory double balloon (group DB--55 cases) or bifoil balloon (group BF--16 cases). Patients were similar regarding to age, sex, valvopaty etiology, functional class and echocardiographic score. Seventy one (63%) patients achieved 12 months follow-up. RESULTS: In group DB there were 2 (4%) insuccess, 2 (4%) cardiac tamponade and 2 (4%) deaths, 91% patients had immediate criteria of success. Mitral valve area (MVA) increased from 0.8 to 1.69cm2 and mitral gradient (G) by echodopplercardiographic (ECHO) decreased from 17.9 to 4.8mmHg. Three (5%) patients developed severe mitral regurgitation (MR) and needed surgical intervention. At follow-up 2 (4%) developed mitral restenosis. MVA estimated by ECHO study after one year follow-up was inferior to 1.15cm2 in 15 (32%) cases, between 1.5 and 2.0cm2 in 17 (37%) and superior to 2.0cm2 in 14 (31%). In group BF there were 2 (12.5%) insuccess, 4 (25%) developed severe MR occurring 1 death immediate post-operative mitral valve replacement. Among 14 (87%) success cases, MVA increased from 0.8 to 1.89cm2 and G decreased from 18 to 6.4mmHg. Lately 2 (12.5%) needed surgical intervention because significative MR. At 12th month follow-up the ECHO study showed that in one (10%) case MVA was < 1.5cm2, and in 3 (27%) cases was between 1.5 and 2.0cm2. CONCLUSION: There were similar good results in both groups, however group DB had more restenosis, cardiac tamponade and vascular complications and group BF had more severe MR.     

Experimental hepatitis E: pathogenesis in cynomolgus macaques (Macaca fascicularis)

Children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) who have completed 2.5 to 3 years of initial chemotherapy have an off-therapy relapse rate of approximately 20%. In an attempt to improve the survival of children with a late bone marrow (BM) relapse (ie, occurring greater than 6 months after cessation of primary therapy), the Pediatric Oncology Group designed a randomized study to compare the efficacy of doxorubicin/prednisone and cytarabine/teniposide in a multidrug retreatment chemotherapy program. Treatment consisted of remission reinduction with vincristine, prednisone, and doxorubicin, central nervous system prophylaxis with triple intrathecal chemotherapy, and continuation therapy (for 132 weeks) with alternating cycles of oral 6-mercaptopurine/methotrexate and intravenous vincristine/cyclophosphamide. Patients received intermittent courses of either prednisone/doxorubicin (regimen 1) or teniposide/cytarabine (regimen 2) during continuation therapy and a late intensification phase with either vincristine, prednisone, and doxorubicin (regimen 1) or teniposide and cytarabine (regimen 2). One hundred two of 105 evaluable patients (97%) achieved a second complete remission. Twenty-eight of 50 patients on regimen 1 have failed compared with 28 or 52 patients on regimen 2 (log-rank analysis, P = .68), indicating that this trial was inconclusive as to which treatment regimen was superior. The overall 4-year event-free survival for children with a late BM relapse was 37% +/- 6%. Age less than 10 years at initial diagnosis (P < or = .001), white blood cell count less than 5,000/microL at relapse (P = .036) and duration of first remission greater than 54 months (P = .039) were independently associated with a more favorable outcome. While the randomized trial was inconclusive, prolonged second complete remissions were secured in more than one-third of children with a late BM relapse of ALL. The prognostic factors identified may help select children with a late BM relapse who can be successfully retreated with chemotherapy alone.