碱性抛光液对铜布线电特性的影响

随着互连电路的规模发展到亚微米级,互连延迟已经成为超过门延迟的重要因素。减小延迟在互连结构中是不可避免的问题。化学机械抛光是最适合在多层铜互连结构中达到平整化目的的手段。出于对整体过程的考虑,我们将考察化学机械抛光对铜晶圆片电特性的影响。在这篇文章中,我们将考察两种抛光液在化学机械抛光中的影响,一种抛光液是酸性抛光液,来自于SVTC,另一种是碱性抛光液,由河北工业大学提供的。着重考察了三个方面的特性,电阻,电容和漏电流。电阻测试结果显示,河北工业大学提供的抛光液抛光后,电阻更小。而被两种抛光液抛光后的电容则相差不多,电容值分别为1.2 E^-10F 和1.0 E^-10F。同样,河北工业大学提供的抛光液抛光后的漏电流是1.0E^-11A,低于SVTC提供的酸性抛光液。结果显示,河北工业大学提供的碱性抛光液会产生小的碟形坑和氧化物损失,优于SVTC提供的酸性抛光液。     

各组分体积分数对碱性抛光液存储时间的影响

主要研究了碱性抛光液各组分体积分数对其有效存储时间的影响。实验中每隔两个月测试了抛光液的pH值、平均粒径和Cu膜去除速率等参数随存储时间的变化值。研究表明:FA/O螯合剂体积分数是影响抛光液有效存储时间的主要因素,螯合剂体积分数越高抛光液的有效存储时间越短。在FA/O螯合剂体积分数较低时(8%),Cu布线碱性抛光液的有效存储时间在半年以上,基本能够符合产业化要求。SiO2磨料体积分数和非离子型表面活性剂体积分数是影响碱性抛光液有效存储时间的次要因素,对其有效存储时间影响不明显。     

盐酸胍在阻挡层化学机械抛光中对速率选择性及表面形貌的影响

We propose an alkaline barrier slurry containing guanidine hydrochloride（GH） and hydrogen peroxide.The slurry does not contain any corrosion inhibitors, such as benzotriazole（BTA）. 3-inch samples of tantalum copper and oxide were polished to observe the removal rate. The effect of GH on removal rate selectivity along withhydrogenperoxidewasinvestigatedbycomparingslurrycontainingGHandH2O2withslurrycontainingonly GH. Details about the tantalum polishing mechanism in an alkaline guanidine-based slurry and the electrochemical reactions are discussed. The results show that guanidine hydrochloride can increase the tantalum polishing rate and the selectivity of copper and barrier materials. The variation of the dishing and wire line resistance with the polishing time was measured. The dishing value after a 300 mm pattern wafer polishing suggests that the slurry has an effective performance in topography modification. The result obtained from the copper wire line resistance test reveals that the wire line in the trench has a low copper loss.     

Alkaline barrier slurry applied in TSV chemical mechanical planarization

We have proposed a TSV （through-silicon-via） alkaline barrier slurry without any inhibitors for barrier CMP （chemical mechanical planarization） and investigated its CMP performance. The characteristics of removal rate and selectivity of Ti/SiO2/Cu were investigated under the same process conditions. The results obtained from 6.2 mm copper, titanium and silica show that copper has a low removal rate during barrier CMP by using this slurry, and Ti and SiO2 have high removal rate selectivity to Cu. Thus it may be helpful to modify the dishing. The TSV wafer results reveal that the alkaline barrier slurry has an obvious effect on surface topography correction, and can be applied in TSV barrier CME     

大分子螯合剂在低压力低磨料条件下铜膜的化学机械抛光中的应用

The mechanism of the FA/O chelating agent in the process of chemical mechanical polishing （CMP） is introduced. CMP is carried on a φ300 mm copper film. The higher polishing rate and lower surface roughness are acquired due to the action of an FA/O chelating agent with an extremely strong chelating ability under the condition of low pressure and low abrasive concentration during the CMP process. According to the results of several kinds of additive interaction curves when the pressure is 13.78 kPa, flow rate is 150 mL/min, and the rotating speed is 55/60 rpm, it can be demonstrated that the FA/O chelating agent plays important role during the CMP process.     

Cu CMP工艺中新型低pH碱性抛光液稳定性的研究

Abstract： The stability of a novel low-pH alkaline slurry （marked as slurry A, pH = 8.5） for copper chemical mechanical planarization was investigated in this paper. First of all, the stability mechanism of the alkaline slurry was studied. Then many parameters have been tested for researching the stability of the slurry through comparing with a traditional alkaline slurry （marked as slurry B, pH = 9.5）, such as the pH value, particle size and zeta potential. Apart from this, the stability of the copper removal rate, dishing, erosion and surface roughness were also studied. All the results show that the stability of the novel low-pH alkaline slurry is better than the traditional alkaline slurry. The working-life of the novel low-pH alkaline slurry reaches 48 h.     

新型碱性精抛液对300mm铜膜全局平坦化的影响

The copper removal rate and uniformity of two types copper slurries were investigated, which was performed on the 300 mm chemical mechanical planarization （CMP） platform. The experiment results illustrate that the removal rate of the two slurries is nearly the same. Slurry A is mainly composed ofa FA/OI1 type chelating agent and the uniformity reaches to 88.32%. While the uniformity of slurry B is 96.68%, which is mainly composed of a FA/OV type chelating agent. This phenomenon demonstrates that under the same process conditions, the uniformity of different slurries is vastly different. The CMP performance was evaluated in terms of the dishing and erosion values. In this paper, the relationship between the uniformity and the planarization was deeply analyzed, which is mainly based on the endpoint detection mechanism. The experiment results reveal that the slurry with good uniformity has low dishing and erosion. The slurry with bad uniformity, by contract, increases Cu dishing significantly and causes copper loss in the recessed region. Therefore, the following conclusions are drawn： slurry B can improve the wafer leveling efficiently and minimize the resistance and current density along the line, which is helpful to improve the device yield and product reliability. This investigation provides a guide to improve the uniformity and achieve the global and local planarization. It is very significant to meet the requirements for 22 nm technology nodes and control the dishing and erosion efficiently.     

不同压力下螯合剂浓度在碱性Cu CMP中的影响

We propose the action mechanism of Cu chemical mechanical planarization(CMP) in an alkaline solution.Meanwhile,the effect of abrasive mass fraction on the copper removal rate and within wafer non-uniformity(WIWNU) have been researched.In addition,we have also investigated the synergistic effect between the applied pressure and the FA/O chelating agent on the copper removal rate and WIWNU in the CMP process.Based on the experimental results,we chose several concentrations of the FA/O chelating agent,which added in the slurry can obtain a relatively high removal rate and a low WIWNU after polishing,to investigate the planarization performance of the copper slurry under different applied pressure conditions.The results demonstrate that the copper removal rate can reach 6125 °/min when the abrasive concentration is 3 wt.%.From the planarization experimental results,we can see that the residual step height is 562 ° after excessive copper of the wafer surface is eliminated.It denotes that a good polishing result is acquired when the FA/O chelating agent concentration and applied pressure are fixed at 3 vol% and 1 psi,respectively.All the results set forth here are very valuable for the research and development of alkaline slurry.     

新型CMP用二氧化硅研磨料

介绍化学机械抛光技术的重要性，找出影响其性能的关键冈素即为研磨料。然后对常用的研磨料种类做概要论述，找出其优缺点。并在前人研究的基础上研制出更具优势的抛光研磨料，详细介绍其特点及使用条件，另对它的使用效果进行了简要说明。     

蓝宝石衬底片化学机械抛光的研究

为了提高蓝宝石化学机械抛光（CMP）效果，对其抛光工艺进行了研究。采用SiO2磨料对蓝宝石衬底片进行抛光，分析了抛光时的温度、pH条件、磨料粒径及浓度，结果表明，采用80nm大粒径、高浓度的SiO2磨料，既可以保证抛光速率，又能得到良好的表面状；当pH值在10～12时，可加速蓝宝石在碱性条件下的化学反应速率，从而提高抛光速率；在30℃时，能较好地平衡化学作用与机械作用，获得平滑表面；加入适量添加剂，可增大反应产物的体积，易于提高机械作用的效果，以获得较高的去除速率。