基于物联网的农田环境在线监测系统

针对农田环境监测面积大、点多、时间长的特点,提出基于物联网架构的农田环境监测系统,系统由传感层、传输层和应用层构成。设计开发了以飞思卡尔MC9S12XS128为微处理器的无线传感器网络节点的硬件电路和太阳能供电系统,编制了协调器与路由器的底层软件,测试了远端服务器与WSN网络单点和多点之间的通信性能。现场试验结果表明:基于物联网的农田环境监测系统,运行稳定、可靠,为科学预测和科学种植提供了依据。      

冷等离子体处理对水稻种子萌发的影响

为提高水稻种子的萌发性能,利用冷等离子体处理机分别以空气、氦气为真空室环境介质,以60、70、80、90和100W的处理功率对浙优023、秀水134和浙优6326 3种水稻种子进行处理,并进行发芽试验.结果表明,在60 ～100W的处理功率范围内,冷等离子体处理对水稻种子的萌发具有明显的促进作用,与未经任何处理的对照组相比,以空气、氦气为处理介质3种水稻种子的发芽势、发芽率分别可提高1.75％ ～13.5％、1.0％～8.75％;以空气为处理介质,浙优023、秀水134、浙优6326水稻种子的较佳冷等离子体处理功率分别为90、100和80 W;以氦气为处理介质,秀水134、浙优6326水稻种子的较佳处理功率为60 W,但浙优023水稻种子不宜以氦气为介质进行冷等离子体处理.     

面向不确定数据的农产品追溯方法

针对现有追溯模型无法对可追溯单元的混合过程进行定量表示的缺陷,将不确定数据引入到追溯系统中,搭建了不确定数据追溯模型,提出了一个新的面向不确定数据追溯的查询方法,利用不确定数据的基本表示和查询方法,解决了多源追溯问题.基于模型,实现了追溯模型中的简单查询、节点评价和单节点异常推断功能.并且给出了多节点异常的求解方法.     

方草捆压捆机打结器空间参数研究

以D型打结器为对象,在打结器时序研究的基础上对打结器空间结构布局进行了研究。通过打结器工作原理分析,确定了保证D型打结器成结八大动作顺利实现的各关键空间结构参数关系,建立了打结器参数化模型。以mathematica 8.0为工具对空间关键轴参数进行设计,最终确定了具有不同空间参数的机架Ⅰ和机架Ⅱ。两机架配合New Holland其他零件后进行了打结试验。结果表明,在室内,机架Ⅰ的成结率比机架Ⅱ低1.0%,但相同预紧力下,其所成绳结平均可承受拉力比机架Ⅱ所成绳结提高了13.9%;在田间,机架Ⅰ成结率比机架Ⅱ低4.0%,但其所成绳结可承受拉力比机架Ⅱ高2.5%。田间所成绳结的平均可承受拉力比室内成结高94.2%~115.9%,表明预紧力及成结过程外界对捆绳的附加拉力会影响最终绳结可承受拉力。     

基于动态性能的车架结构模型分析研究

客车车架的动态特性是影响整车振动舒适性的关键因素。为探讨纵横梁结构对某轻型客车车架动态特性的影响,建立车架的研究性模型,对研究性模型进行多种方案的计算分析,综合各方案的计算结果,确定影响车架动态特性最大的结构特征,以此为基础对原车架进行改进,提高了车架的模态频率。计算结果表明,该研究方法简便有效,可推广应用于对其它结构的研究。     

番茄穴盘苗自动移栽机顶杆式取苗装置的设计——基于UG三维软件

针对新疆生产建设兵团的大面积种植模式,穴盘苗向大田移栽,存在人工移栽成本高、移栽周期长、成熟期不一致以及不利于机械采收等问题,利用UG三维软件,设计了一种基于液压顶杆式的番茄穴盘苗自动移栽机取苗装置,对新疆番茄、辣椒和棉花等经济作物大面积机械移栽有良好的推动作用,有利于增加团场职工的经济收入,对新疆的农业经济发展具有十分重要的意义。     

Antioxidant capacity of oat (Avena sativa L.) extracts. 1. Inhibition of low-density lipoprotein oxidation and oxygen radical absorbance capacity

Milled oat groat pearlings, trichomes, flour, and bran were extracted with methanol and the fractions tested in vitro for antioxidant capacity against low-density lipoprotein (LDL) oxidation and R-phycoerythrin protein oxidation in the oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) assay. The oxidative reactions were generated by 2,2'-azobis(2-amidinopropane) HCl (AAPH) or Cu(2+) in the LDL assay and by AAPH or Cu(2+) + H(2)O(2) in the ORAC assay and calibrated against a Trolox standard to calculate Trolox equivalents (1 Trolox equivalent = 1 TE = activity of 1 micromol of Trolox). The antioxidant capacity of the oat fractions was generally consistent with a potency rank of pearlings (2.89-8.58 TE/g) > flour (1.00-3.54 TE/g) > trichome (1.74 TE/g) = bran (1.02-1.62 TE/g) in both LDL and ORAC assays regardless of the free radical generator employed. A portion of the oat antioxidant constituents may be heat labile as the greatest activity was found among non-steam-treated pearlings. The contribution of oat tocols from the fractions accounted for <5% of the measured antioxidant capacity. AAPH-initiated oxidation of LDL was inhibited by the oat fractions in a dose-dependent manner, although complete suppression was not achieved with the highest doses tested. In contrast, Cu(2+)-initiated oxidation of LDL stimulated peroxide formation with low oat concentrations but completely inhibited oxidation with higher doses. Thus, oats possess antioxidant capacity most of which is likely derived from polar phenolic compounds in the aleurone.     

Drying Enhancement of Rough Rice by an Electric Field

Corona discharge produced by a multiple point-to-plate high-voltage electric field (HVEF) was used to investigate the enhancement of rough rice drying and its effect on rice fissuring and germination. The HVEF consisted of a 16 needle point cathode with a direct current power supply, and a grounded stainless steel plate anode. The drying rate of the treated rough rice was notably greater than that of the control, and the drying rate was described by an exponential model. There was a good agreement between the predicted and experimental results (coefficient of determination R²=0·98). The electric field treatment significantly enhanced drying but had no effect on rice fissuring at a lower temperature. The average drying rate of the treated rice increased 2·83, 1·59 and 1·63 times at 25, 40 and 50°C, respectively, compared to the corresponding control. The drying rate also increased with increasing electric field strength. The electric field treatment did not have significant effects on the percentage of kernels having heavy fissures or the germination rate of rough rice (probability P>0·05). The total number of fissured kernels in the treated sample was increased compared to the control.     

计算机视觉技术在番茄收获中的应用

运用双目立体视觉技术对红色番茄进行定位,图像进行灰度变换后,对图像的二维直方图进行腐蚀,膨胀以后除小团块,提取背景区边缘,然后用拟合曲线实现彩色图像的分割,将番茄从背景中分离出来,对目标进行标定后,用面积匹配实现共轭图像中目标的配准,运用体视成像原理,从两幅二维图像中恢复目标的三维坐标,从实验数据可知,当目标与摄像机的距离为300－400mm时,深度误差可控制在3％－4％。     

微波在线式粮食水分检测系统

微波检测是一种新的水分无损检测方法.为此,针对粮食水分检测的特点和要求,设计了基于微波的粮食水分在线式检测系统,实现了对粮食水分含量的实时和连续检测;重点介绍了微波水分检测原理、系统组成结构、数据采集及结果分析.