微信公众平台在某军医大学战场救治教学中的应用研究

课题组按照教学设计、教学实践和教学反思三个步骤,组织实施微信公众平台辅助战场救治课程教学。教学设计重点关注教学内容设置、学习过程展开和学习效果评价三个环节。内容设置突出重点内容和各知识点的关联性;学习过程强调课前传授和课中内化两个步骤;效果评价综合运用多种方法。通过调查、访谈及分析考试成绩表明,这种新的教学方式被实验班学员普遍接受;该班学员三项核心能力有普遍提高;其考试成绩也高于对照班学员。该应用研究为军医大学组织开展微信公众平台辅助其他课程教学,提供了新鲜思路和有益尝试。此外,对于微信公众平台呈现方式不够多元化等问题,课题组认为尚需深入研究和探讨。     

Modification of C.I. Pigment Red 146 with surfactants and graphene oxide

Organic pigments are important in a range of fields, from printing ink to industrial coatings. Azo pigments are some of the most common pigments in use today, but they typically have poor solvent solubility and tend to agglomerate. Consequently, the size and crystal structure of the pigment particles has a crucial effect on their optical and physical properties, such as color strength and solvent resistance, respectively. Several technologies, such as microreactors, have been developed to control pigment particle size, but an in-depth study of the effects of modification conditions on pigment properties (color, flowability, and solvent resistance) has not been reported to date. Therefore, in this paper, we report the surface modification of C.I. Pigment Red 146 particles using anionic (Igepon T) and non-ionic surfactants (Peregal O-25) and additives (DB-60 as the second diazo component and graphene oxide) on the pigment properties. In addition, we examined the effect of hydrothermal treatment at different temperatures on the same properties. The various modifications resulted in an increase in the solvent resistance, a reduction in the particle size (from 30.581 to 12.252 μm), a narrowing of the particle size distribution, and an increase in hydrophilicity. In addition, the color brightness and brilliance were significantly improved, and the maximum color strength reached 112.6%. These findings have applications for the development of pigments having enhanced color properties, solvent resistance, and processability.

The color properties and solvent resistance of modified Pigment Red 146 were obviously improved by adding surfactants and graphene oxide.     

Selenium substituted axitinib reduces axitinib side effects and maintains its anti-renal tumor activity

Axitinib is a potent vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR) inhibitor, which has a strong inhibitory effect on the three isoforms of VEGFR 1–3. Having strong therapeutic efficacy, its broad use is limited by its side effects such as hypertension, proteinuria, cardiovascular damage, and liver and kidney dysfunction. Selenium compounds are broadly reported to have a good protective effect on cardiovascular disease, inflammation, infection, and immune function. In this study, a selenium substitute of axitinib was synthesized, and its anti-renal cell carcinoma activity and side effects were investigated. The results of the study indicated that Se-axitinib had potent antitumor activity on renal cell carcinoma (RCC), alleviated vascular hyperpermeability, and also alleviated axitinib-related side effects including hypertension, liver dysfunction and kidney dysfunction significantly. Therefore, we suggest that Se-axitinib could be a solution to the severe side effects of VEGFR inhibitors and provide evidence to improve the outcome of RCC treatment.

Se-axitinib is a selenium substitution of sulfur in axitinib, which reduced the side effect of VEGFR inhibitors and maintained the potent anticancer activity of the original drug.     

Determination of heavy metals in water using an FTO electrode modified with CeO2/rGO nanoribbons prepared by an electrochemical method

The rGO/CeO₂/FTO nanocomposite modified electrode was prepared by an electrochemical method. A simple and highly sensitive electrochemical sensing platform for electrochemical rGO and modified CeO₂ nanoribbons directly on FTO electrodes was developed. Simultaneous determination of Pb²⁺ and Cd²⁺ used the differential pulse anodic stripping voltammetry (DPASV) method. The method was simple to operate, and CeO₂ nanobelts could be obtained simultaneously by electrodeposition and reduction of GO without further processing. This is an environmentally friendly electrochemical method to obtain modified electrodes under mild conditions. The experimental results showed that the linear calibration curves of Pb²⁺ and Cd²⁺ are 1–300 and 0.2–500 μg L⁻¹, respectively. At the same time, no interference from other coexisting metal ions was found during the detection process, which proved that the modified electrode had good stability and repeatability.

The rGO/CeO₂/FTO nanocomposite modified electrode was prepared by an electrochemical method.     

A hybrid composite of H2V3O8 and graphene for aqueous lithium-ion batteries with enhanced electrochemical performance

Aqueous rechargeable lithium-ion batteries (ARLBs) are regarded as a competitive challenger for large-scale energy storage systems because of their high safety, modest cost, and green nature. A kind of modified composite material composed of H₂V₃O₈ nanorods and graphene sheets (HVO/G) has been effectively made by a one-step hydrothermal method and following calcination at 523 K. XRD, SEM, TEM, and TG are used to determine the phase structures and morphologies of the composite materials. Owing to the advantage of the layered structure of H₂V₃O₈ nanorods, the excellent conductivity of the graphene sheets, and the 3D network structure of the modified composite, the ARLBs with HVO/G can deliver an adequate specific capacity of 271 mA h g⁻¹ at 200 mA g⁻¹ and have a retention rate of 73.4% after 50 cycles. The average discharge capacity of ARLB with HVO/G as anode has a considerable improvement over that of HVO/CNTs and HVO, whatever the current rate used. Moreover, we find that the diffusion coefficient of lithium-ion increases by an order of magnitude through the theoretical calculation for HVO/G ARLB. The new ARLB with HVO/G electrode is a potential energy storage system with great advantages, such as simple preparation, easy assembly process, excellent safety and low-cost environmental protection.

Aqueous rechargeable lithium-ion batteries (ARLBs) are regarded as a competitive challenger for large-scale energy storage systems because of their high safety, modest cost, and green nature.     

Molecular insights into the ‘defects’ network in the thermosets and the influence on the mechanical performance

The introduction of ‘defects’ to the thermoset crosslinking network is one of the most applicable strategies for improving the modulus and toughness simultaneously. However, the reinforcement effect disappears when the ‘defects’ proportion exceeds the threshold. The speculated mechanism was that the aggregation and entanglement of the ‘defects’ chains changed the matrix topology, making the stacking structure more compact. However, the ‘defects’ are hardly directly observed in the experiment. As the result, the relationship between the ‘defects’ proportion and the package state of the matrix, and the effect on the material''s mechanical performance was not explored. Herein, the network of bisphenol-A diglycidyl (DGEBA) with diethyltoluenediamine (DETDA) as the hardener was constructed using MD simulation, and n-butylamine was decorated on the matrix by replacing a proportion of DETDA acting as the ‘defects’. The results indicated that the aliphatic chains aggregated and entangled at a low concentration, occupying the voids in the rigid aromatic crosslinking structure, thus lowering the free volume. The strong non-bonding interactions drew the matrix segments close together, thus reinforcing the resin. However, the microphases formed by the aliphatic chains no longer filled the voids but created a new free volume and loosened the network when the content increased, which reduced the mechanical performance of the material. The experimental results were consistent with the findings in the simulations. The moduli of the resin increased with the increase in the n-butylamine content first and then declined. The maximum moduli of the thermosets was 3.4 GPa in S₃₀, which was about 25% higher compared with the control; the corresponding elongation at break was 8.9%, which was about 46% improved compared with the control.

The introduction of ‘defects’ to the thermoset crosslinking network is one of the most applicable strategies for improving the modulus and toughness simultaneously.     

Improved nitrogen reduction activity of NbSe2 tuned by edge chirality

Efficient catalysts for the electroreduction of N₂ to NH₃ are of paramount importance for sustainable ammonia production. Recently, it was reported that NbSe₂ nanosheets exhibit an excellent catalytic activity for nitrogen reduction under ambient conditions. However, existing theoretical calculations suggested an overpotential over 3.0 V, which is too high to interpret the experimental observations. To reveal the underlying mechanism of the high catalytic activity, in this work, we assessed NbSe₂ edges with different chirality and Se vacancies by using first principles calculations. Our results show that N₂ can be efficiently reduced to NH₃ on a pristine zigzag edge via the enzymatic pathway with an overpotential of 0.45 V. Electronic structure analysis demonstrates that the N₂ molecule is activated by the back-donation mechanism. The efficient tuning of the local chemical environments by edge chirality provides a promising approach for catalyst design.

The zigzag edge of the NbSe₂ monolayer exhibits an overpotential as low as 0.45 V along the enzymatic pathway.     

A novel robust nomogram based on peripheral monocyte counts for predicting lymph node metastasis of prostate cancer

Accurate methods for identifying pelvic lymph node metastasis(LNM)of prostate cancer(PCa)prior to surgery are still lacking.We aimed to investigate the predicti...     

新型冠状病毒感染相关急性黄斑区神经视网膜病变的神经眼科特征

目的：总结新型冠状病毒(SARS-CoV-2)感染相关急性黄斑区神经视网膜病变(AMN)的神经眼科特征。

方法：纳入2022-12-27/2023-02-01就诊于西安市第一医院(西北大学附属第一医院)神经眼科并经相关检查确诊为AMN的患者8例(6例女性,2例男性)共14眼纳入本次研究。所有患者病前均有SARS-CoV-2感染史。收集患者的临床资料。纳入最佳矫正视力(BCVA)、非接触间接眼压测定、眼底彩色照相、近红外成像(IR)、频域光学相干断层扫描(SD-OCT)、OCT血流成像(OCTA)、眼底荧光素血管造影(FFA)、吲哚菁绿血管造影(ICGA)、视野、视觉诱发电位(VEP)和视网膜电流图(ERG)检查结果。对纳入患者的神经眼科特征进行分析总结。

结果：纳入的8例患者年龄20-43(平均30±6.63)岁。病前3-11(平均5±3.51)d有SARS-CoV-2感染史,8例患者中有6例在感染SARS-CoV-2的5 d内出现视觉症状。患者的临床表现为视力下降或视物遮挡感; 纳入患者的视力0.08-1.0; 视野缺损表现为中心、旁中心暗点或合并周边暗点。VEP可见P100或P2峰时延迟; ERG提示视网膜感光细胞 功能受损。在疾病早期,SARS-CoV-2感染相关AMN患者可能存在视力、视野和视网膜外层病变大小及形状可能不匹配的情况,并发现视力越低,VEP峰时越迟。

结论：除眼底多模影像,SARS-CoV-2感染相关AMN的神经眼科特征需要临床医师关注,视功能及电生理可以辅助临床更加全面评估患者及判断预后。