Free Sugars Intake among Chinese Adolescents and Its Association with Dental Caries: A Cross-Sectional Study

This study aims to estimate the free sugars intake, identify the primary food sources of free sugars, and explore the relationship between free sugars intake and dental caries among Chinese adolescents. This cross-sectional study included 1517 middle-school students aged 12–14 years in Changsha city, China. Adolescents completed a 12-item Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) and oral health assessment. The students’ dental caries experience was available as DMFT score (number of decayed, missing, and filled permanent teeth). Statistical analyses included the Mann–Whitney test, Kruskal–Wallis test, Chi-square test, and binary logistic regression model. The average intake of free sugars was 53.1 g/d in adolescents, and 43.2% of the students consumed more than 50 g of free sugars daily. The primary contributor to free sugars was sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs). Age, boarders, and high family income were risk factors for excessive free sugars intake (p < 0.05), and increased free sugars intake was a risk factor for dental caries (odds ratio, OR = 1.446, 95% confidence interval: 1.138–1.839). Both the free sugars intake and dental caries prevalence in Chinese adolescents were high. Targeted interventions are urgently needed to address the excessive consumption of free sugars and improve Chinese adolescents’ oral health.     

异丙酚对人脐静脉内皮细胞凋亡相关基因Bcl-2及Bax表达的影响

目的 :观察异丙酚 (Propofol)及肿瘤坏死因子 α(TNF α)对培养的人脐静脉内皮细胞 (HUVECs)凋亡相关基因Bcl 2及Bax表达的影响 ,探讨异丙酚抑制凋亡的机理。方法 :将培养的人脐静脉内皮细胞 3～ 4代于融合状态 ,随机分为 7组 :对照组 (P0 ) ,2 5 μmol/L异丙酚组 (P2 5) ,TNF α组 (P0 +TNF α) ,12 .5 μmol/L异丙酚和TNF α组 (P12 .5+TNF α) ,2 5 μmol/L异丙酚和TNF α组 (P2 5+TNF α) ,5 0 μmol/L异丙酚和TNF α组 (P50 +TNF α) ,10 0 μmol/L异丙酚和TNF α组 (P10 0 +TNF α)。各组加入相应药物培养 2 4h后收获细胞 ,采用免疫细胞化学染色方法测定Bcl 2及Bax蛋白表达。结果 :与对照组 (P0 )相比 ,异丙酚 2 5 μmol/L组 (P2 5)Bcl 2及Bax蛋白表达无明显变化 (P >0 .0 5 ) ;TNF α(P0 +TNF α)组Bcl 2蛋白表达降低 ,Bax蛋白表达升高 (P <0 .0 0 1) ;而不同浓度的异丙酚预处理后再加入肿瘤坏死因子的各组 (P12 .5+TNF α、P2 5+TNF α、P50 +TNF α、P10 0 +TNF α)Bcl 2蛋白表达增加 ,Bax蛋白表达降低 (P <0 .0 5或P <0 .0 1)。结论 :临床相关浓度的异丙酚可通过调节Bcl 2及Bax蛋白表达抑制TNF α诱导的内皮细胞凋亡     

Serum folic acid levels and erectile dysfunction: A meta-analysis and systematic review

The aim of this study was to assess the relationship between serum folic acid (FA) levels and erectile dysfunction (ED) through a meta-analysis. A research was conducted in MEDLINE via PubMed, Cochrane Library, EMBASE and Web of Science up to 22 November 2020 to identify studies related to FA and ED. Two authors independently screened the literature, evaluated methodological quality and extracted the data. We used RevMan5.3 and STATA 14.0 for meta-analysis. A total of six studies including 1,842 participants were included, and the results showed that the FA levels in the non-ED group were significantly higher than those in the ED group (MD = 3.37, 95% CI 1.49–5.52, p = 0.004). Subgroup analysis indicated that with the increase in ED severity, the difference in FA levels between groups was more obvious (MD: 1.99 vs. 4.63 vs. 5.63). The differences in FA levels between groups seem more significant in the younger group (MD = 4.87, 95% CI 2.58–6.89, p < 0.001) than in the older group (MD = 3.15, 95% CI 2.21–4.08, p < 0.001). In conclusion, FA deficiency is closely related to ED, and the degree of FA deficiency may reflect the severity of ED. In addition, the association seems to be more pronounced in the younger group.     

Safety and efficacy of thulium laser resection of bladder tumors versus transurethral resection of bladder tumors: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Lasers in Medical Science - The thulium laser resection of bladder tumor (TmLRBT) is widely used in the treatment of non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC), and we conduct this study to compare...     

微小RNA-362在脑星形细胞瘤中的表达

目的研究微小RNA(microRNA,miR)-362在不同级别星形细胞瘤中的表达,探讨其临床意义及价值。方法使用定量聚合酶链反应(PCR)方法比较长治医学院附属和平医院32例星形细胞瘤患者和4例正常脑组织中miR-362的表达。多组间比较采用单因素方差分析,两组间比较使用配对t检验。结果所有星形细胞瘤组织miR-362表达(0.194±0.052)明显低于正常脑组织miR-362表达(0.436±0.044,t=8.887,P<0.05),差异有统计学意义,其中低级别星形细胞瘤组织miR-362表达(0.172±0.045)和高级别星形细胞瘤(0.202±0.070)均明显低于正常脑组织miR-362表达(t=10.101,t=6.386,P<0.05),差异有统计学意义,但低级别星形细胞瘤组织miR-362表达与高级别星形细胞瘤miR-362表达之间差异无统计学意义(t=1.284,P>0.05)。结论miR-362在星形细胞瘤组织中表达下调,但在低级别与高级别星形细胞瘤间无差异。     

表面改性与致孔对干姜醇提物压片关键性能改善的研究

目的 以干姜Zingiberis Rhizoma醇提物为研究对象,研究表面改性、聚集与致孔相结合的共处理方式改善干姜醇提物的压片关键性能。方法 以共聚维酮（plasdone S-630,PVP/VA）和碳酸氢铵分别为改性剂和致孔剂,采用喷雾干燥共处理方法制备不同比例的干姜醇提物改性复合粉体,测定并比较各粉体的密度、流动性、粒径、孔隙率和压缩性等粉体学性质和抗张强度、屈服压、功和能等相关压片性质,并采用扫描电子显微镜（SEM）对各粒子表面形态进行表征。结果 仅加入共聚维酮或碳酸氢铵制备的复合粒子的孔隙率、抗张强度（TS）、有效功（Esp）和能（E2）均优于原粉粒子。此外,相比于碳酸氢铵或共聚维酮单独制备的复合粒子,碳酸氢铵-共聚维酮（7.0%、14.0%、21.0%）共喷雾制备的复合粒子所压制片剂的抗张强度进一步提升：分别为（1）3.8～9.7、4.0～12.5、4.2～13.7倍和（2）1.5～2.1、1.3～2.2、1.2～1.8倍。即同时加入共聚维酮和碳酸氢铵制备的多孔复合粒子使上述性质得到进一步改善。另外,崩解时间会随共聚维酮加入而有所延长（9～14 min）,碳酸氢铵的致孔作用...     

TPGS表面修饰岩白菜素固体脂质纳米粒的制备与口服生物利用度研究

目的 制备D-α-维生素E聚乙二醇1000琥珀酸酯（TPGS）修饰岩白菜素固体脂质纳米粒（TPGS surface-modified bergenin solid lipid nanoparticles,TPGS-Ber-SLN）,并考察其体外释药和口服药动学行为。方法 采用高压均质法制备TPGS-Ber-SLN。以包封率、载药量和粒径为考察指标,通过单因素考察结合Box-Behnken设计-效应面法（Box Behnken design- response surface methodology,BBD-RSM）优化TPGS-Ber-SLN处方,并制备成冻干粉末。X射线粉末衍射法（X-ray powder diffraction,XRPD）和差式扫描量热法（differential scanning calorimetry,DSC）分析岩白菜素在TPGS-Ber-SLN冻干粉末中的存在状态,透析袋法考察TPGS-Ber-SLN在不同介质中释药情况。以岩白菜素原料药为参考,比较TPGS-Ber-SLN在体内药动学行为及口服生物利用度。结果 TPGS-Ber-SLN最佳处方工艺：岩白菜素用量为40 mg,单硬脂酸甘油酯用量525 mg,泊洛沙姆188质量浓度为17.5 mg/mL,TPGS质量浓度为0.2 mg/mL,均质次数为9次。TPGS-Ber-SLN的平均包封率、载药量、粒径及ζ电位分别为（83.16±1.09）%、（4.97±0.13）%、（229.46±19.07）nm和（-15.67±0.23）mV,体外释药过程符合Weibull模型。口服药动学结果显示,TPGS-Ber-SLN的t_max延长至（2.07±0.43）h,t_1/2延长至（4.21±0.78）h,C_max和生物利用度分别提高至3.91倍和5.34倍。结论 TPGS-Ber-SLN显著改变了岩白菜素的药动学行为,增加了口服吸收生物利用度。     

关节镜辅助复位内固定与切开复位内固定治疗胫骨平台骨折的疗效比较

目的比较关节镜辅助复位内固定(ARIF)和切开复位内固定(ORIF)治疗胫骨平台骨折的疗效。方法回顾性分析2016年1月至2018年8月华中科技大学附属协和医院骨科收治的75例胫骨平台骨折患者的资料。男58例,女17例;年龄20~54岁,平均47岁。左侧42例,右侧33例。骨折根据Schatzker分型:Ⅰ型23例,Ⅱ型49例,Ⅲ型3例。患者按治疗方案不同分为2组:ARIF组(采用ARIF治疗40例),ORIF组(采用ORIF治疗35例)。记录并比较两组患者的手术时间、切口长度、术中出血量、住院时间、术后并发症情况及术后12个月美国特种外科医院(HSS)膝关节功能评分。结果ARIF组和ORIF组患者的术前一般资料比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05),具有可比性。所有患者术后获12~15个月(平均13.5个月)随访。75例患者伤口均一期愈合,无神经、血管损伤等相关并发症。术后6个月所有患者骨折均获愈合。ARIF组的手术时间[(58.3±4.2)min]较ORIF组[(48.4±5.2)min]长,ARIF组的切口长度[(4.3±0.9)cm]较ORIF组[(6.2±0.8)cm]短,ARIF组术中失血量[(60.8±4.5)mL]较ORIF组[(72.8±6.5)mL]少,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。ARIF组和ORIF组住院时间分别为(5.1±0.6)、(5.5±1.6)d,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。ARIF组和ORIF组分别有15例和5例患者合并软组织损伤,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。术后12个月ARIF组和ORIF组患者的HSS评分优良率分别为100%(40/40)和85%(34/40),差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论ARIF和ORIF治疗SchatzkerⅠ~Ⅲ型胫骨平台骨折均可以获得良好疗效;但ARIF可以更准确地评估和治疗胫骨平台骨折合并的膝关节软组织损伤,具有手术时间短、切口小、出血少的特点。     

剪切波弹性成像与FNA-Tg对甲状腺乳头状癌侧颈部淋巴结转移的诊断价值

目的：探讨剪切波弹性成像(shear wave elastography,SWE)与细针穿刺洗脱液甲状腺球蛋白(fine-needle aspiration washout thyroglobulin,FNA-Tg)对甲状腺乳头状癌侧颈部淋巴结转移的诊断价值。方法：回顾性分析159例经病理证实为甲状腺乳头状癌(papillary thyroid carcinoma,PTC)的患者资料,对颈部211枚可疑淋巴结进行常规超声、SWE参数平均值(E_mean)、FNA-Tg检查,以术后病理结果为金标准,比较各检测方法的诊断效能。结果：(1)SWE E_mean转移组[(50.96±27.66) kPa]高于非转移组[(32.20±17.34) kPa],差异有统计学意义(t=8.761,P<0.01)。受试者工作特征(receiver operating characteristic,ROC)曲线分析表明,SWE E_mean最佳诊断阈值为40.42 kPa时对PTC颈部淋巴结转移预测价值较高,曲线下面积(area under...