The Effects of Radiotherapy on Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma in Patients with Liver Metastases

Background: While radiotherapy has been studied in the treatment of locally advanced pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), few studies have analyzed the effects of radiotherapy on PDAC in patients with liver metastases. This study aimed to determine whether PDAC patients with liver metastases have improved survival after radiotherapy treatment. Methods: The data of 8535 patients who were diagnosed with PDAC with liver metastases between 2010 and 2015 were extracted from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. Survival analysis and Cox proportional hazards regression analysis of cancer-specific mortality and overall survival were performed, and propensity score matching (PSM) was used to reduce selection bias. Results: After PSM, the median overall survival (mOS) and median cancer-specific survival (mCSS) in the radiotherapy group were longer than those in the nonradiotherapy group (OS: 6 months vs. 4 months; mCSS: 6 months vs. 5 months, both p < 0.05), respectively. The multivariate analysis showed that cancer-specific mortality rates were higher in the nonradiotherapy group than in the radiotherapy group (HR: 1.174, 95% CI: 1.035–1.333, p = 0.013). The Cox regression analysis according to subgroups showed that the survival benefits (OS and CSS) of radiotherapy were more significant in patients with tumor sizes greater than 4 cm (both p < 0.05). Conclusions: PDAC patients with liver metastases, particularly those with tumor sizes greater than 4 cm, have improved cancer-specific survival (CSS) rates after receiving radiotherapy.     

Prediction of tumor recurrence by distinct immunoprofiles in liver transplant patients based on mass cytometry

Recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) after liver transplantation (LT) is a marker of poor prognosis. However, the reliable biomarkers of post-LT HCC recurrence remain to be identified. In this study, serial peripheral blood samples from the LT recipients with and without HCC recurrence were collected at five time points. Single-cell mass cytomertry (CyTOF) was utilized for the in-depth analysis of peripheral blood monocellular cells (PBMCs). CyTOF analysis showed that at 3 weeks post-LT, the activated immune cell population was increased, while the fraction of immune cells with suppressive functions (myeloid-derived suppressive cells) was reduced. The post-LT immune composition in patients with LT for HCC was enormously different from that in patients with LT for causes other than HCC. Furthermore, at 3 weeks after LT, compared with patients without recurrence, the patients with HCC recurrences were high in two subsets of T cells: CD57⁺ HLA-DR⁺ CD8⁺ and CD28⁺γδ. The CD57⁺ HLA-DR⁺ CD8⁺ T cells presented high levels of perforin, granzyme B, and Ki-67 and displayed a highly cytotoxic and proliferative phenotype, while the CD28⁺γδ T cells had reduced levels of IFN-γ and, hence, were less activated compared to CD28^- cells. Based on these findings, we concluded that analyzing the PBMCs of LT recipients by CyTOF can predict the post-LT HCC recurrence. The distinct immune features can stratify patients with the risk of HCC recurrence at 3 weeks after LT, which will help clinician in further management plan and improve the prognosis of patients.     

天然罗汉松二萜体外抗登革病毒活性研究

登革病毒(dengue virus,DENV)是造成热带和亚热带地区登革热和登革出血热季节性大爆发的蚊媒病原体,可导致严重威胁生命的疾病,因此亟需研发DENV疫苗和药物.本研究发现从石栗枝叶中分离的罗汉松型二萜(3α,5β,10α)-13-methoxypodocarpa-8,11,13-triene-3,12-dio...     

Design,synthesis, and evaluation of a novel PET imaging agent targeting lipofuscin in senescent cells

Promoting a senescent phenotype to suppress tumour progression may present an alternative strategy for treating cancer and encourages the development of positron emission tomography (PET) imaging biomarkers for assessing response to treatment. The accumulation of lipofuscin deposits in senescent cells is visualised using the pathology stain Sudan Black B (SBB) which is an emerging biomarker of senescence. We describe the design, synthesis and evaluation of [¹⁸F]fluoroethyltriazole-SBB ([¹⁸F]FET-SBB), a fluorine-18 radiolabelled derivative of SBB. The in vitro uptake of [¹⁸F]FET-SBB in a senescent cell line corelated with lipofuscin deposits; in vivo PET imaging and metabolite analysis confirm a favourable pharmacokinetic and metabolic profile for further studies of in vivo models of senescence.

Lipofuscin deposits in senescence cells are visualised using the pathology stain Sudan Black B (SBB), an emerging biomarker of senescence. This work develops and evaluates a fluorine-18 derivative for positron emission tomography (PET) imaging.     

Effect of maleic anhydride grafted poly(lactic acid) on rheological behaviors and mechanical performance of poly(lactic acid)/poly(ethylene glycol) (PLA/PEG) blends

A series of polylactic acid (PLA)/polyethylene glycol (PEG) blends was prepared by melt blending using PEG as a plasticizer to address the disadvantages of PLA brittleness. PEG can weaken the intermolecular chain interactions of PLA and improve its processing properties. PLA-grafted maleic anhydride (GPLA) was reactively blended with PLA/PEG to obtain a high tenacity PLA/PEG/GPLA blend. GPLA was prepared by melt grafting using diisopropyl peroxide as the initiator and maleic anhydride as the graft. The effects of different PEG molecular weights (1000–10 000 g mol⁻¹) on the properties of PLA/PEG/GPLA blends were investigated. GPLA reacted with PEG1000 (M_w = 1000 g mol⁻¹) to form short PLA branched chains and reacted with {"type":"entrez-protein","attrs":{"text":"PEG10000","term_id":"1256949604","term_text":"PEG10000"}}PEG10000 (M_w = 10 000 g mol⁻¹) to form a small number of PLA branched chains, which was unconducive to increasing the intermolecular chain entanglement. The branched PLA formed by the reaction between PEG6000 (M_w = 6000 g mol⁻¹) and GPLA had a remarkable effect on increasing intermolecular chain entanglement. The complex viscosity, modulus, and melt strength values of PLA/PEG6000/GPLA blends were relatively large. The elongation at break of the blends reached 526.9%, and the tensile strength was 30.91 MPa. It provides an effective way to prepare PLA materials with excellent comprehensive properties.

Preparation of PLA/PEG/GPLA blends with high toughness by reactive blending of PLA grafted maleic anhydride (GPLA).     

Preparation of VOC low-temperature oxidation catalysts with copper and iron binary metal oxides via hydrotalcite-like precursors

Catalysts are the key to catalytic combustion which is known as an effective method for VOC treatment of industrial waste gas. However, in a typical catalyst, the efficiency of non-noble catalysts, with well economic, is generally poor at catalytic oxidation of VOC from industrial waste gas. In this work, a non-noble catalyst CuFe-4.5 from Cu–Fe elements combined with the properties of hydrotalcite to successfully be prepared. The difference between hydrotalcite as a precursor catalyst and the traditional method was systematically investigated by XRD, FT-IR, SEM, TG, N₂ adsorption–desorption isotherms, H₂-TPR, O₂-TPD, and XPS. By forming the hydrotalcite structure, the structural properties of the derivative oxide catalyst can be optimized and the interaction between Cu and Fe in the system can be strengthened. It is more prone to electrons cycle, has more chemically adsorbed oxygen, facilitates catalyst surface activation and shows better efficiency. The catalyst with high activity for VOC in flue gas at low temperature, with 90% conversion at 236 °C, which is about 60 °C lower than commercial catalysts such as EnviCat® from Clariant, Germany, and also has some advantages over current studies. Our study provides a new perspective on the design of efficient VOC catalysts.

Design diagram for the removal toluene by Cu–Fe catalyst prepared from precursor hydrotalcite.     

基于真实世界中刺五加注射液应用于脑血管病的复杂网络分析

目的：基于真实世界分析刺五加注射液应用于脑血管病的联合用药特点。方法：提取全国18家三甲医院信息系统数据库中应用刺五加注射液治疗脑血管病患者的医嘱记录表,基于Tabu搜索算法对刺五加注射液的联合用药进行分析。结果：通过分析筛选出刺五加注射液应用于脑血管病患者常见的联合用药组合：脑血管病合并肺部感染：刺五加注射液+清开灵注射液/醒脑静注射液+抗生素;脑血管病合并危险因素：刺五加注射液+阿托伐他汀+阿司匹林+奥扎格雷+降糖药+缬沙坦/氯沙坦/厄贝沙坦+利尿剂;脑血管病合并脑心综合征的用药组合：刺五加注射液+脑心通胶囊+比索洛尔+参麦注射液+前列地尔。结论：本研究为真实世界研究,挖掘出的用药方案可为临床用药提供参考,实际用药需临床医师根据患者具体病情选择最佳方案。     

APP/PS1痴呆小鼠海马特异性过表达芳香化酶对空间学习记忆的影响及相关神经机制研究

目的 探讨海马芳香化酶(aromatase,AROM)对APP/PS1小鼠(AD小鼠)空间学习记忆、特异性病理及突触可塑性的影响及其机制.方法 采用Western blot检测不同月龄雄性WT小鼠与AD小鼠海马AROM和雄激素受体等的表达;构建AROM的过表达病毒载体(oAROM),于6月龄AD小鼠海马立体定位注射,3...     

升降汤加减治疗食管癌术后胃肠功能紊乱的疗效观察

目的 探讨对食管癌术后胃肠功能紊乱患者采用升降汤进行治疗的效果及对生活质量的影响。方法 选取2015年1月—2019年1月在我院进行食管癌手术的患者,遴选术后出现胃肠功能紊乱及符合纳入标准的患者60例作为本研究对象,根据随机原则分为对照组（30例,采用西药治疗）与观察组（30例,采用西药联合升降汤加减治疗）,比较两组患者的治疗效果及生活质量。结果 经过不同方案的治疗后,与对照组比较,观察组患者总有效率与生活质量更高,差异有统计学意义（P <0.05）;与对照组比较,观察组患者临床症状评分与并发症发生率的更低,差异有统计学意义（P <0.05）。观察组患者经治疗后肠鸣音恢复时间、首次排便时间及首次排气时间较对照组更短,差异有统计学意义（P <0.05）。结论 食管癌术后胃肠功能紊乱患者采用升降汤加减进行治疗后,能有效改善患者的临床症状,提高生活质量,且治疗后的并发症率较低,可在临床上进行推广使用。