三种不同方法检查尿液细胞成分的对比

目的：探讨利用不同方法检测尿液细胞成分的符合情况、影响因素及临床价值。方法：采用H-100干化学分析仪、UF-50全自动尿沉渣分析仪和显微镜对740份尿液联合检查。对白细胞和红细胞阳性标本的三种检测结果进行对比。结果：以镜检法为标准UF-50红细胞准确度为89.7%,白细胞准确度为95.8%;干化学法红细胞准确度为88.5%,白细胞准确度为94.3%。UF-50在敏感度和特异度等方面明显优于干化学法。结论：三种检测方法的联合应用更能提高尿液检查的质量,对疾病的诊断、鉴别诊断及病程中动态观察有重要的参考价值。     

肝功能衰竭患者血清胆碱酯酶检测的临床意义

目的：探讨肝功能衰竭患者血清胆碱酯酶含量检测的意义。方法：选取慢性肝衰竭、慢加急性肝衰竭患者共47例，分别检测血清中胆碱酯酶含量。结果：（1）慢性肝衰竭患者血清中胆碱酯酶含量比慢加急性肝衰竭患者低。（2）死亡组患者血清胆碱酯酶与治愈组患者相比无统计学差异。结论：血清胆碱酯酶含量的检测，有助于评价肝衰竭患者发作前的肝脏基础。     

产妇并发内外痔243例预防与治疗

目的　探讨预防和治疗产妇内外痔的有效措施。方法　对 2 43例产妇有直肠粘膜外翻或肛缘水肿者及时采取局部按摩回纳脱出的直肠粘膜 ,”Y”形胶布固定并与同期 2 5 0例患者 (不作特殊处理 )进行对照观察预后情况。结果　观察组患者肛管的直肠粘膜脱出水肿均于 48h内消失 ,其中 12例产妇留皮赘 ;对照组患者在 7～ 10d粘膜脱出水肿逐渐消失 ,但均留有皮赘。结论　该方法是预防和治疗产妇内外痔的有效措施。     

AIDS患者胃黏膜CD4~+T淋巴细胞与HIV感染关系的初步分析

目的探讨AIDS患者胃黏膜CD4^＋T淋巴细胞的丢失、重建与HIV感染的关系。方法对35例AIDS患者胃黏膜组织冰冻切片和PBMC涂片采用核酸原位杂交方法及免疫组化双重染色,观察CD4^＋T淋巴细胞的HIV感染情况。结果①高效抗逆转录病毒治疗（HAART）治疗1～4年后,AIDS患者胃黏膜单个核细胞（MMC）中CD4^＋T细胞计数仍然低于对照组[（37.44±18.00]%vs（50.35±3.41）%]（P〈0.01）;但PBMC中CD4^＋T细胞计数与对照组无显著性差异[（42.70±10.66）%vs（51.00±6.60）%]（P〉0.05）。②未治疗组与治疗〈1年组胃黏膜MMC中CD4^＋T细胞HIV阳性率无显著性差异[（2.76±1.92）%vs（1.88±1.56）%]（P〉0.05）;治疗1～4年组则明显低于未治疗组[（0.54±0.49）%vs（2.76±1.92）%（P〈0.01）;三组AIDS患者PBMC中CD4^＋T细胞HIV感染率均具有显著性差异[（19.44±8.17）%vs（9.76±6.98）%vs（4.95±8.26）%]（P〈0.05）。结论相对于外周血,AIDS患者胃黏膜免疫重建可能是不完全的。AIDS患者胃黏膜CD4^＋T细胞HIV感染在胃黏膜CD4^＋T细胞的丢失与重建延迟过程中可能并非发挥主要的作用。     

获得性免疫缺陷综合征患者胃黏膜组织人类免疫缺陷病毒感染分析

Objective To investigate the distribution and amount of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection in gastric mucosa from untreated acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) patients and highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) treated patients.Methods Thirty-five AIDS patients (14 untreated patients and 21 patients receiving HAART) and 10 HIV-1 seronegative patients with gastrointestinal symptoms were enrolled and examined by upper endoscopy.The labeled HIV-1 double-stranded cDNA probe was a PCR product corresponding to the LTR and gag gene of the HIV-1 genome.HIV in gastric mucosal tissues from AIDS patients was detected using in situ hybridization (ISH) and compared with that in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC).Results ① No obvious character was found in gastrointestinal symptoms,endoscopy examination and pathology results of AIDS patients.② The expression of HIV gene was mainly detected in the gastric mucosal mononuclear cell (MMC).Other cells were also observed with HIV expression including mucosal epithelial cells,gland epithelial cells and interstitial cells.③There was no difference in HIV expression between sinus ventriculi and gastric body.④ HIV gene expression from AIDS patients was (1.97±3.25)% in gastric mucosa,no difference in HIV gene expression between two groups (P＞0.05).⑤ HIV gene expression in PBMC smear from AIDS patients was (12.38 ± 9.17)%.HIV expreesion in PBMC from patients who had received HAART for 1-4 years were markedly lower than that from patients who had not received HAART (P＜0.05).Conclusions The gastric mueosa is one of HIV infected sites.The potential effect of HAART on the decrease of HIV infected cells in gastric mucosa was unsatisfactory.     

北京西城区家蝇抗药性调查研究

目的探讨家蝇抗药性状况及防治对策。方法药膜法。结果西城区家蝇对高效氯氰菊酯、残杀威的抗药系数为125.4和1194.3。结论家蝇在西城区对高效氯氰菊酯、残杀威达到了高等抗药水平,应停止使用残杀威药物灭蝇,高效氯氰菊酯类药物应与其他药物交替使用,以达到更好的防治效果。     

60例老年普外科患者围术期护理探讨

目的 通过临床观察,探讨老年普外科患者围术期护理对患者康复起到的重要作用.方法资料选取该院2012年1-12月收治的60例普外科老年患者.对该组60岁以上的老年患者的围术期护理做详细记录：术前心理护理、术前身体指标调整、卫生指导、术后安全护理、皮肤黏膜护理、饮食指导以及并发症的预防.结果 60例老年手术患者术后出现呼吸道感染5例,切口愈合缓慢2例,肠梗阻2例,切口感染1例,胆瘘1例,通过及时的发现和相应的护理措施,以上患者都已经痊愈出院.通过合理的围术期护理可以保证手术的顺利进行同时加快患者的康复速度,降低并发症发生率.     

放松疗法对人工流产者的干预影响

目的:探索放松疗法在人工流产中应用的可行性。方法:随机将100例人工流产者分成实验组50例、对照组50例,实验组术前予以放松训练,对照组术前未予任何干预,然后对术中情况进行比较。结果:两组疼痛评分和焦虑、抑郁情况及人流综合征发生率存在显著性差异(P<0.05)。结论:术前进行放松训练可大大降低人工流产者痛苦及紧张、抑郁心理,减少人流综合征的发生率。