谈病案所有权问题

在我国,关于病案的保存和保管向来争议不多,但是病案到底归谁所有却经常令人产生异议,我国至今尚无任何一部法律或者规章明确病案的所有权。我们认为病案作为一种物和一种档案分别受民法和档案管理法律的调整,本文以上述法律规范为基础,从病案的产生以及演变等过程,分析了病案的所有权和权能,同时也剖析了我国关于病案的几种观点,最终确立了病案归医疗机构所有的论点。     

卡文在老年人围手术期应用的初步观察

胃肠外营养自20世纪70年代以来广泛应用于临床，它是通过静脉途径供给患者所需的营养物质，经历了从营养素分瓶输注到倡导混合输注的过程。临床在输注方式上目前仍以分瓶输注为多，但这并不合理，以往的三升袋是将氨基酸、葡萄糖、脂肪酸等营养制剂在配制室混合后输注，由于其营养输入的合理性而受到营养专家多年倡导，但在实际应用上并不如分瓶输注普遍，主要是其存在诸多不便，如渗透压高、保存时间短、要有专用的配制室、输注时间长等，另外在混合输注过程中出现患者不适的比例也较高。     

双腔起搏器工作模式的心电图判别

本文分析了7份双腔起搏心电图,并对双腔起搏器工作模式的判别方法进行了探讨。 图1 貌似VVI起搏方式,但每个心室脉冲前均有窦性P波,且P波与心室脉冲之间的距离相等,为P波触发心室起搏。因无提前出现之QRS波,故无法判断有无心室感知功能。放置磁铁后仍无心房脉冲信号,胸壁RS_2扫描刺激时不能抑制心室脉冲,故可确认为VAT模式而除外VDD或DDD模式的可能。     

成人先天性胆管扩张症手术治疗

目的 探讨成人先天性胆管扩张症手术治疗的经验体会。方法 回顾分析1985年1月至2004年12月中国医科大学附属第一医院普外科收治的成人先天胆管扩张症68例手术治疗资料。依Flanigan分型：Ⅰ型59例，Ⅱ型3例，Ⅳ型6例。所有病例均行囊肿切除，结果 术后发生胆汁漏6例。胰漏3例，急性胰腺炎2例。死亡2例，56例经1-20年随访，随访率为82．3％。5例表现轻度胆管炎，2例吻合口狭窄。余下49例均痊愈，无胆管炎及胆管狭窄表现。结论 囊肿切除、胆管空肠Roux-en-Y吻合是成人先天性胆管扩张症的首选治疗。切除囊肿时，囊肿近端在尽量切净囊肿基础上行大口吻合，防止术后吻合口狭窄；囊肿远端在保证睫液引流通畅、不损伤胰管开口的基础上，尽量切净囊肿内膜。     

宫腔镜联合中药灌肠治疗输卵管粘连的临床观察

目的：观察因输卵管粘连引起不孕症应用官腔镜联合中药保留灌肠使输卵管通畅及受孕的疗效。方法：120例患随机分成A、B两组，于月经干净2—3天，使用宫腔镜行双侧输卵管通液或疏通术。A组同时加用中药保留灌肠，每晚1次，直至受孕(经期俘用)。结果：A组输卵管通畅率及受孕率分别为68．33％和53．33％，，显高于B组的60％(P＜0．05)和41．66％(P＜0．05)。结论：使用宫腔镜疏通术联合中药保留灌肠能显提高输卵管通畅率及受孕率。     

胃良性和恶性病变组织中β-半乳糖凝集素3和接骨木凝集素的表达及其临床病理意义

Objective To study the expressive levels of galectin-3(gal-3) and sambucus nigra agglutinin (SNA) and their clinicopathological significance in the benign and malignant lesions of stomach. Methods EnVisonTM immunohistochemistry for assaying gal-3 expressive level and ABC cytochemistry for determining SNA expressive level were used in conventional paraffin-embedded sections from specimens of gastric cancer(n=49), peritumoral tissues(n=20), metastastic foci of lymph nodes(n=36), and different types of benign lesions(n=80). Results The positive rates of gal-3 and SNA were significantly higher in gastric cancer tissues than those in peritumoral tissues and different types of benign lesions (P<0.05, P<0.01). The positive cases of gal-3 and/or SNA in peritumoral tissues and benign lesions showed mild- to severe-atypical hyperplasia of mucous epithelial cells. No difference was found between the primary foci and metastatic foci in gal-3 and SNA expressions (P>0.05). The positive rates of gal-3 and SNA were significantly lower in histologic grade Ⅱ, infitrating depth T1,T2 and no-metastasis of regional lymph node than those in histologic grade Ⅲ, Ⅳ, infitrating depth T3,T4 and metastasis of lymph node in gastric cancer(P<0.05). The positive rates of gal-3 and SNA were higher in lymphnede metastatic site N1 and no-metastasis of distant organs than those in lymphnede metastatic site N2, N3 and metastasis of distant organs, but no significant difference was found (P>0.05). The consistence was found between the expression of gal-3 and SNA in gastric cancer tissues (χ2=6.59,P<0.05). Conclusions The expressive levels of gal-3 and SNA may be important molecular markers of lectins for reflecting the carcinogenesis, progression and biological behaviors in gastric cancer.