Increased Bioactive Lipids Content in Human Subcutaneous and Epicardial Fat Tissue Correlates with Insulin Resistance

Obesity is a risk factor for metabolic diseases. Intramuscular lipid accumulation of ceramides, diacylglycerols, and long chain acyl-CoA is responsible for the induction of insulin resistance. These lipids are probably implicated in obesity-associated insulin resistance not only in skeletal muscle but also in fat tissue. Only few data are available about ceramide content in human subcutaneous adipose tissue. However, there are no data on DAG and LCACoA content in adipose tissue. The aim of our study was to measure the lipids content in human SAT and epicardial adipose tissue we sought to determine the bioactive lipids content by LC/MS/MS in fat tissue from lean non-diabetic, obese non-diabetic, and obese diabetic subjects and test whether the lipids correlate with HOMA-IR. We found, that total content of measured lipids was markedly higher in OND and OD subjects in both types of fat tissue (for all p?<?0.001) as compared to LND group. In SAT we found positive correlation between HOMA-IR and C16:0-Cer (r?=?0.79, p?<?0.001) and between HOMA-IR and C16:0/18:2 DAG (r?=?0.56, p?<?0.001). In EAT we found a strong correlation between C16:0-CoA content and HOMA-IR (r?=?0.73, p?<?0.001). The study showed that in obese and obese diabetic patients, bioactive lipids content is greater in subcutaneous and epicardial fat tissue and the particular lipids content positively correlates with HOMA-IR.     

Security of ping-pong protocol based on pairs of completely entangled qudits

Quantum secure direct communication protocols offer confidential transmission of classic information over quantum channel without prior key agreement. The ping-pong based protocols provide asymptotic security and detailed analysis of security level provided by each variant of the protocol is required. The paper presents a general method of calculation of the eavesdropped information as a function of the attack detection probability. The method is applied to the ping-pong protocol based on completely entangled pairs of qudits. The upper and lower bounds on the amount of the leaked information and eavesdropping detection probability are provided.     

BFe30-1-1白铜杆的热型连铸

进行了 4、 8BFe30 1 1白铜杆的热型连铸试验 ,在铸型温度 12 30℃、冷却位置 8mm、拉铸速度30mm/min、压头 30mm时 ,可获得表面光洁的 4白铜杆 ;枝晶间距 30～ 4 0 μm ,横向偏析比为 0 .71 压头为 18mm时 ,获得了表面光洁的 8白铜杆 ;枝晶距 4 5～ 5 5 μm ,横向偏析比为 0 .6 3 其σb 为 338～35 3MPa ,δ10 大于 70 % 分析表明 ,缩小两相区宽度并使之位于铸型出口处是消除热裂纹的关键     

江汉平原区构造演化对中、古生界油气系统的影响

江汉平原区中、古生界经历了加里东、海西-早印支、晚印支-早燕山、晚燕山-喜山期等多旋回沉积构造发展阶段,纵向上构成了震旦系-志留系及志留系-侏罗系两套油气系统。每一个构造运动期都是一次油气的大规模运聚期。构造运动所产生的构造裂缝对区内储层的储集性能具有明显的改善作用,构造运动形成的风化壳是储层发育的有利层段。加里东、海西-早印支、晚印支-早燕山以及晚燕山-喜山期4次主要构造活动,使得4套油气保存单元经历了形成-改造、破坏-残存或重铸的演变过程。印支期以来的构造运动是江汉平原区中、古生界油气系统形成和演化的主要动力和影响因素。印支期区内构造格局以大隆大坳为特征,是区内烃源岩的生烃高峰期,形成了隆起区早期的油气富集。早燕山期是区内中、古生界内幕构造的主要形成期,同时,也是油气运聚和油气藏形成的主要时期。晚燕山-喜山期则是油气藏改造和调整期,不同类型的油气藏最终定型于喜山期。区内仙桃-戴家场和当阳次级深坳陷是原生改造型油气藏勘探的有利地区,沉湖-土地堂复向斜北部麻洋潭构造带是晚期生烃型油气藏勘探的有利地区,丫新和万城潜山带是次生多源型油气藏勘探的最有利地区。     

Rißbildung in turmartigen Tragwerken: Schleuderbetonmast versus Stahlbetonschornstein

Crack Formation in Tower like Structures: Mast of centrifugal concrete vs. chimney of normal concrete Numerous tower like structures are used as antenna carriers in the age of cell phones. Most of them are for this aim designed masts of high strength concrete and old purposely equipped chimneys. Some of those structures show conspicuous vertical cracks which may affect the wind bearing capacity and thus, have to be assessed. In connection with this task the fact must be considered that the experiences with crack behavior of normal concrete structures are only conditionally valid for masts of centrifugal concrete. Regarding all this the differences in crack behavior of high strength masts and low strength chimneys are addressed in this paper. The investigation results were gained by the computation method from DIN V 1056, DIN EN 13084 and CICIND Model Code and represent an important part of the quality assurance of the tower like structures.     

Fixed Cartesian grid based numerical model for solidification process of semi-transparent materials II: Reflection and refraction or transmission of the thermal radiation at the solid–liquid interface

Mathematical and numerical models of solidification process in materials which were semi-transparent both in the solid and liquid phases were developed in this paper. These models took into account different optical and thermophysical properties in phases, herein for the first time different refractive index in the solid and the liquid phase. Also optical phenomena like reflection and refraction or transmission of the thermal radiation at transparent as well as either specular, partially specular and partially diffusive or diffusive solid–liquid interface were also considered. Conditions for the radiation intensity at the transparent solid–liquid interface were formulated according to the specular reflection and Snell’s laws. The numerical model was based on the Fixed Grid Front Tracking Method combined with the Immersed Boundary Technique for phase change process and on the Pixelation Technique for optical phenomena at the solid–liquid interface. Subsequently, comparisons of obtained results with results presented in the literature for one-dimensional two layers slab proved the correctness and accuracy of the proposed approach. Also the effect of different refractive index in the solid and the liquid phase on solidification process in an idealized square cavity were studied.     

Viscosity of Associated Mixtures Approximated by the Grunberg-Nissan Model

Previous experiments demonstrated that microheterogeneities occur in liquid systems (2-methylpyridine or 2,6-dimethylpyridine) +  water. They are most probably due to the association of the hydrates through hydrogen bonds between water molecules. Substitution of methanol for water causes that the mixtures become homogenous. The results of viscometric studies reported in this study confirmed that the molecular clusters in aqueous solutions are much larger than the complexes occurring in the methanolic systems. Taking into consideration “kinetic entities” rather than monomeric molecules, the dependence of viscosity on concentration and temperature have been satisfactorily approximated by the Grunberg–Nissan relation with two adjustable coefficients. The kinetic entities were trimers of water, dimers of methanol, and monomeric amines. The same approach proved to be valid for the activation energy of viscous flow as well.     

Effect of Ozone on Fruit Quality and Fungicide Residue Degradation in Apples during Cold Storage

ABSTRACT

The potential of the ozone-enriched atmosphere for the improvement of the shelf life of apples of Gloster variety (Malus domestica) in cold storage was investigated. The storage experiment was conducted for 84 days. During that period, ozone at the concentration of 1 ppm was dosed every 12 hours for 1 minute. However, the exposure to ozone at such a concentration was unsuccessful in terms of inhibition of fungal disease development. Furthermore, the captan level in apples was reduced; therefore, they were more susceptible to fungal disease. On the other hand, the tests of the physical properties showed that utilization of ozone slowed down the ripening of apples; therefore, extending their shelf life provided that they were not infected.     

Local anodic oxidation by atomic force microscopy for nano-Raman strain measurements on silicon-germanium thin films

Nanolithography based on local anodic oxidation (LAO) by atomic force microscopy is a promising technique for patterning strained film nanostructures on the silicon substrates. Due to its versatility and precise control, LAO is suited for preparing well defined calibration structures for local strain measurements. We investigated silicon-germanium patterns prepared by LAO and subsequent selective anisotropic wet etching. By combining the nanolithography and etching, dedicated strain test structures with a line width of 65 nm were achieved and utilized for calibration of tip-enhanced Raman measurements.