The detection of flaws in optoelectronic systems

Potentially dangerous spots (PDSs), for example, leaks in product pipelines (oil and gas pipelines), are revealed using optoelectronic systems (OESs) that are usually mounted on airborne vehicles (e.g., helicopters). Earlier, a relevant problem consisted of revealing the onset of leaks in PDSs; however, today it is necessary to detect the PDSs of leaks in order to prevent their development. The complexity of the problem is related to the fact that product pipelines are most often located near densely populated areas and near reservoirs with drinking water. The appearance of PDSs is usually characterized by deviations in the temperature and other physical parameters from standard values in small areas. The detection of such spots necessitates decreasing the flying height of an OES carrier. As a rule, this yields a deterioration of imaging quality and OES overheating, which decreases the efficiency of this PDS detection method. Conservative OES developers believe that a low imaging quality and OES overheating result from random flaws in the OES assembly. Contrary to this, it is shown that failures occur due to a deterministic flaw at the stage of designing drives for an OES platform.     

Adsorption of CO<Subscript>2</Subscript> on skeletal cobalt and nickel zirconium phosphates after their treatment with high-frequency hydrogen and argon plasma

The effect of the treatment of solid skeletal electrolytes, such as double zirconium phosphates Me_0.5Zr₂(PO₄)₃ (Me = Ni and Co), with high-frequency H₂ and Ar plasma on the adsorption and desorption of CO₂ was examined. It was found that the treatment of cobalt zirconium phosphate with high-frequency H₂ plasma increases its specific surface area, while the pore size is reduced approximately tenfold (from 6.2 to 0.56 nm). Treatment with H₂ and Ar plasma influences the adsorption characteristics of CO₂ in various ways. The activated character of CO₂ adsorption on the initial NiZr and CoZr phosphates remains after their treatment with high-frequency H₂ plasma, while the strength of binding between adsorbate molecules and the surface increases. Treatment with Ar plasma leads to a reduction of CO₂ adsorption with increasing temperature, and the isosteric heats do not depend on the nature of the conductive ion (Co²⁺ or Ni²⁺).     

Development of galvanic isolators on the basis of nanostructures from spin-valve magnetoresistive effect

In article the basic is constructive-technological decisions applied in galvanic isolators (GI) with giant magnetoresistive by effect are considered. Results of research of spin-valve magnetoresistive (SVMR) nanostructures with an antiferromagnetic film (Ta–FeNiCo–CoFe–Cu–CoFe–FeNiCo–FeMn–Ta) for creation on their basis domestic digital GI are presented. Are received magnetoresistive elements on the basis of the developed technological processes of formation nanostructures with size SVMR of effect 7–8%, at a room temperature.     

Specific features of nonequilibrium depletion accompanied by the trapping of minority carriers by surface states in metal–insulator–semiconductor structures

Specific features (abrupt changes in current caused by voltage variation) of nonequilibrium depletion in metal–insulator–semiconductor structures based on gallium arsenide and silicon with a 40-nm-thick film of yttria-stabilized zirconia were revealed. These features may help extend the range of application of the nonequilibrium depletion effect in microelectronics.     

Capacitors with nonlinear characteristics based on stabilized zirconia with built-in gold nanoparticles

It is shown that capacitors based on stabilized zirconia with gold nanoparticles exhibit nonlinear properties: the admittance of these capacitors depends on the amplitude of the control voltage, test-signal frequency, and temperature. The nonlinearity is due to electron capture by traps generated during nanoparticle formation. The possibility of determining the trap parameters by measuring the capacitor admittance has been established.     

Effect of the composition of the solid solution of the case-hardened layer on contact endurance of 18KhGNMFL steel

Translated from Fiziko-Khimicheskaya Mekhanika Materialov, No. 5, pp. 77–81, September–October, 1988.