基于课堂教学的多媒体课件设计分析

随着教学水平的提高,目前我国大部分的课堂教学都采用多媒体课件进行教学.然而在多媒体课件的设计方面却存在着非常明显的问题,如屏幕所呈现的内容与课本所呈现的内容基本一样,课件的实际作用无法体现,加剧学生的机械性思维固疾.师生之间缺少良好的沟通,导致教学水平一直难以得到质的提升.本文就课堂教学的多媒体课件设计的现状、出现的原因,以及课堂教学多媒体课件的正确设计方法进行简要的论述,以提高提高多媒体的使用效率.     

A social recommendation method based on opinion leaders

With the rapid development of information technology, social media has been widely used, and Internet information has been exploded, and consumers may experience information overload. Recommender systems using the social recommendation method that integrates social relationship information can provide users with target information that meets their needs. However, most of the existing methods only rely on the user’s ordinary friends to make recommendations, neglecting another influential group, the opinion leaders. In this study, we propose a new social recommendation method based on opinion leaders. The proposed method assumes that the influence of the opinion leader on the user is much greater than that of the user’s ordinary friends. The experimental results on two real datasets show that the proposed method not only has a better recommendation effect than the state-of-the-art recommendation algorithms, but also has a good performance in the cases of cold-start users.

     

驾车接近隧道过程中驾驶员瞳孔大小变化规律

为了解驾驶员驾车进入隧道过程中的瞳孔变化过程,让8位驾驶员分别驾车进入4座隧道,在此过程中用眼动仪记录驾驶员的瞳孔大小。分析眼动仪记录得到的驾驶员瞳孔大小数据的特征,通过小波变换进行数据处理,得到了驾驶员驾车进入隧道过程中瞳孔大小变化曲线。分析驾驶员瞳孔大小变化曲线发现,不同驾驶员的瞳孔大小存在个体差异;同一驾驶员多次测试的瞳孔大小存在一定的随机性;在接近隧道过程中驾驶员瞳孔逐渐变大,并在隧道洞口附近急剧变大;不同驾驶员的瞳孔变化趋势存在一定的差异;驾驶员瞳孔大小除受适应亮度的影响外,还受驾驶员的心理等因素的影响。     

A gas chromatography–mass spectrometry method for the detection of chlorpyrifos contamination in palm-based fatty acids

Chlorpyrifos is a Malaysian Pesticide Board-approved organophosphate insecticide, which may become concentrated during fractionation. The objective of this project was to develop and validate a method to detect and quantify chlorpyrifos in food-grade fatty acids ingredients, e.g. caprylic-capric acid mixture and oleic acid (OLA) used to synthesize triacylglyceride based food additives and in the cosmetic industry. A selective ion monitoring gas chromatography–mass spectrometry method with a matrix-matched calibration curve calibration was selected. The method involved the direct injection of chlorpyrifos spiked into the fatty acids matrix. The percentage recoveries at spiking levels of 0.5, 0.75, 2.5, and 4.0 μg g⁻¹ of chlorpyrifos in OLA and caprylic-capric acid ranged from 85.7%–101.1% to 97.2%–112%, respectively, with a relative standard deviation of within 11%. The intra-day and inter-day precision were deemed acceptable as indicated by an relative SD value of within 10%. A good linear relationship with a coefficient of correlation >0.99 for the matrix-matched calibration was achieved between 0.5 and 5 μg g⁻¹. The limit of detection and limit of quantification corresponded to 0.5 μg g⁻¹ for OLA and 0.55 μg g⁻¹ for caprylic-capric acid.     

Effect of special structure of clam shell powder on structure and properties of castor oil-based composites

Castor oil (CO) is an environmentally friendly renewable green resource and ideal alternative to petroleum resources. The preparation of high strength and high toughness castor oil-based polyurethane prepolymer (COPU) composites has significant applications such as supporting material and engineering plastic sheet. In this study, unmodified clam shell powder (CSP) with a unique CaCO₃-proteoglycan structure was used as a filler to prepare compatible reinforced COPU composite materials. Investigation of the mechanical properties revealed that the elastic modulus of the composite COPU reinforced with 50 wt% of CSP had increased to 5859.0 ± 8.4 MPa representing 187.77% to obtain stiffer and stronger material over pure COPU (2036.6 ± 196.9 MPa). Moreover, the scanning electron microscopy, thermogravimetric analysis and contact angle results demonstrated that the reinforced COPU composites have better compatibility, thermal stability, and water resistance than pure COPU. This work will promote the application prospects of CO-based polyurethane.     

应用于机械手的磁致伸缩触觉传感器阵列与物体识别

利用磁致伸缩材料铁镓合金(Galfenol)设计制作了触觉传感单元,并将其集成为阵列,安装在二指机械手上.基于电磁原理、逆磁致伸缩效应和欧拉伯努利动力学原理,建立触觉传感单元力测量模型.设计的传感单元测力范围为0～3N,当压力小于1.5N时,灵敏度为151mV/N,在1.5～3N区间,灵敏度约为109mV/N,测量较低的静态力时具有更高的灵敏度,在2～4Hz范围内对动态力具有动态响应快、灵敏度高的特点.根据机械手的测量范围,选取形状较为规则的六种饮料瓶样品进行了抓取,搭建实验系统进行数据采集与存储,测试了传感器阵列的输出特性,集成的传感器阵列能很好地辨识所选样品,对于装满水样品有更高的精度.选择合适的特征值,应用支持向量机算法,通过选择不同的特征值数量和训练集与分类集的比例,对采集的数据进行分类识别.经计算可知,选择三个特征值且训练集与分类集比例为9:1时识别率最高,为87.5％.     

压力加工机械载荷与轴温的监测

分析了压力加工载荷和轴温监测的基本要求，介绍了载荷和轴温测量的原理与技术，说明了监测方案的设计及实施方法。     

金属蜂窝负载Pd催化甲烷部分氧化制合成气

采用浸渍法制备负载金属Pd(其中金属Pd含量0.6g/L)活性组分的金属蜂窝载体催化剂,应用于甲烷部分氧化制合成气。实验表明,焙烧温度为950℃的催化剂较600℃的催化剂甲烷转化率、CO和H2的选择性更高,焙烧温度为950℃的催化剂在反应温度800℃,GHSV=1×105ml/g·h条件下,甲烷转化率为91%,CO和H2的选择性分别达到90%和89%。用SEM与XPS对催化剂进行表征,结果表明,950℃焙烧催化剂并没有出现明显的烧结现象,且可能由于更多零价Pd的出现,使得该催化剂的性能更好。由于金属蜂窝载体优良的导热性,对950℃焙烧温度制备的金属蜂窝催化剂,催化剂床层的飞温点温度小于880℃,可以解决其它类型催化剂在甲烷部分氧化反应中出现的飞温问题,具有一定的工业化意义。     

Hydraulic erosion of concrete by a submerged jet

The hydraulic erosion of concrete is often found in civil and marine engineering construction. The present study explores the effects of several erosion parameters on the material loss of a concrete specimen subject to the hydraulic flow produced by a submerged jet. Such an investigation has rarely been reported in the literature. The concrete specimen has a typical compressive strength of 35 MPa, and the experimental parameters include the exposure time, incidence angle, standoff distance, and the hydraulic jet pressure. The impinging velocity is estimated based on the distance considered in the round jet model. The regression analysis shows the relationship between each parameter and the material loss. One finds that the material loss is proportional to the exposure time and the hydraulic pressure. The maximum erosion lies at an incidence angle of around 30° to 45° and is affected by the fourth-order polynomial of impinging velocity. The result of the present study provides a reference to engineering practice where concrete erosion is a concern.