Functional Properties of Vinegar

A variety of natural vinegar products are found in civilizations around the world. A review of research on these fermented products indicates numerous reports of health benefits derived by consumption of vinegar components. Therapeutic effects of vinegar arising from consuming the inherent bioactive components including acetic acid, gallic acid, catechin, ephicatechin, chlorogenic acid, caffeic acid, p‐coumaric acid, and ferulic acid cause antioxidative, antidiabetic, antimicrobial, antitumor, antiobesity, antihypertensive, and cholesterol‐lowering responses. The aims of this article are to discuss vinegar history, production, varieties, acetic acid bacteria, and functional properties of vinegars.     

Intelligent Cloud Based Load Balancing System Empowered with Fuzzy Logic

Cloud computing is seeking attention as a new computing paradigm to handle operations more efficiently and cost-effectively. Cloud computing uses dynamic resource provisioning and de-provisioning in a virtualized environment. The load on the cloud data centers is growing day by day due to the rapid growth in cloud computing demand. Elasticity in cloud computing is one of the fundamental properties, and elastic load balancing automatically distributes incoming load to multiple virtual machines. This work is aimed to introduce efficient resource provisioning and de-provisioning for better load balancing. In this article, a model is proposed in which the fuzzy logic approach is used for load balancing to avoid underload and overload of resources. A Simulator in Matlab is used to test the effectiveness and correctness of the proposed model. The simulation results have shown that our proposed intelligent cloud-based load balancing system empowered with fuzzy logic is better than previously published approaches.     

Liver-Tumor Detection Using CNN ResUNet

Liver tumor is the fifth most occurring type of tumor in men and the ninth most occurring type of tumor in women according to recent reports of Global cancer statistics 2018. There are several imaging tests like Computed Tomography (CT), Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), and ultrasound that can diagnose the liver tumor after taking the sample from the tissue of the liver. These tests are costly and time-consuming. This paper proposed that image processing through deep learning Convolutional Neural Network (CNNs) ResUNet model that can be helpful for the early diagnose of tumor instead of conventional methods. The existing studies have mainly used the two Cascaded CNNs for liver segmentation and evaluation of Region Of Interest (ROI). This study uses ResUNet, an updated version of U-Net and ResNet Models that utilize the service of Residential blocks. We apply over method on the 3D-IRCADb01 dataset that is based on CT slices of liver tumor affected patients. The results showed the True Value Accuracy around 99% and F1 score performance around 95%. This method will be helpful for early and accurate diagnose of the Liver tumor to save the lives of many patients in the field of Biotechnology.     

Dynamical Behavior and Sensitivity Analysis of a Delayed Coronavirus Epidemic Model

Mathematical delay modelling has a significant role in the different disciplines such as behavioural, social, physical, biological engineering, and bio-mathematical sciences. The present work describes mathematical formulation for the transmission mechanism of a novel coronavirus (COVID-19). Due to the unavailability of vaccines for the coronavirus worldwide, delay factors such as social distance, quarantine, travel restrictions, extended holidays, hospitalization, and isolation have contributed to controlling the coronavirus epidemic. We have analysed the reproduction number and its sensitivity to parameters. If,     

Half-Metallic Ferromagnetism in New Half-Heusler Compounds: an Ab Initio Study of CrTiX (X = Si,Ge, Sn,Pb)

In this work, half-metallic (HM) properties of new Half-Heusler (HH) ferromagnetic compounds CrTiX (X = Si, Ge, Sn, Pb) are studied by means of first principle band structure calculation within the framework of density functional theory (DFT). From the spin-polarized calculations using full-potential linearized augmented plane-wave (FP-LAPW)method, we found that all of these compounds are stable in ferromagnetic MgAgAs-type crystal structure. The latticeparameters of CrTiX compounds increase with increasing atomic radius of X atom and ranges from 5.76 to 6.38 Å. The calculated electronic structure of these compounds in MgAgAs-type structure shows that they are HM materials with an integer magnetic moment of 4 μ _B. Densities of states, electronic band structure, and origin of ferromagnetism have been discussed, and robust HM nature of these compounds is analyzed which makes them fascinating compounds for spintronic devices.     

Multilabel classification using heterogeneous ensemble of multi-label classifiers

Multilabel classification is a challenging research problem in which each instance may belong to more than one class. Recently, a considerable amount of research has been concerned with the development of “good” multi-label learning methods. Despite the extensive research effort, many scientific challenges posed by e.g. highly imbalanced training sets and correlation among labels remain to be addressed. The aim of this paper is to use a heterogeneous ensemble of multi-label learners to simultaneously tackle both the sample imbalance and label correlation problems. This is different from the existing work in the sense that we are proposing to combine state-of-the-art multi-label methods by ensemble techniques instead of focusing on ensemble techniques within a multi-label learner. The proposed ensemble approach (EML) is applied to six publicly available multi-label data sets from various domains including computer vision, biology and text using several evaluation criteria. We validate the advocated approach experimentally and demonstrate that it yields significant performance gains when compared with state-of-the art multi-label methods.     

Syngas production from chemical looping reforming of ethanol over iron-based oxygen carriers:Theoretical analysis and experimental investigation

Chemical looping reforming (CLR) is a recent trend for syngas production,which has several merits compared to the conventional manner.One of the most important issues for CLR is to find low-cost mate-rial as oxygen carriers,so iron is a promising candidate.This paper contributes to testing the thermody-namic ability of iron-based oxygen carrier for chemical looping reforming of ethanol (CLRE).Iron thermodynamically investigated in temperature 100-1300 ℃ and excess oxygen number (Φ) 0-4.It was found that the temperature and Φ have an apparent effect on the gaseous composition produced from the process.Increases in temperature within the range of 100-1300 ℃ enhanced syngas generated and reduced coke formation and CH4.Whereas,increased Φ,particularly at higher temperatures,had also enhanced syngas production as well as reduced coke formation.However,increasing Φ for values beyond one had decreased syngas and not significantly reduced coke deposition.Moreover,an experimental investigation was carried out in a fixed bed reactor for more in-depth verification of iron ability as an oxy-gen carrier through using magnetite ore (mainly Fe3O4).It found that the effect of temperature on syngas production was consistent with that calculated thermodynamically,as syngas increased with raising the temperature through the CLRE.     

Development of a mathematical model for optimizing a heliostat field layout using differential evolution method

In this study, differential evolution was employed to perform optimization of a heliostat field. A complete mathematical code was developed for this purpose, which generates a heliostat field and calculates the optimum spacing between heliostats through differential evolution optimization technique. The optimization was executed for two sets of two cases and compared with an un‐optimized case. In the first case, only the optical performance was optimized, whereas in the second case, the normalized ratio of the optical performance to the land area covered by the heliostat field was maximized. In the first set of cases, the extra security distance between the heliostats was neglected, whereas in the second set of cases, the extra security distance was taken into account. To apply and examine the application of the optimization algorithm developed, 3 days of the year were selected: March 21, June 21, and December 21, considering Dhahran, Saudi Arabia as an illustrative example. For June 21, when the extra security distance between the heliostats is neglected, the optical efficiency of the un‐optimized case was 0.6026, while for the first optimized case, it was 0.6395, and for the second optimized case, it was 0.6033. However, when the extra security distance was considered, the optical efficiency of the un‐optimized case was 0.6167; while for the first optimized case, it was 0.6241, and for the second optimized case, it was 0.6167. Similar observations were realized for the other cases selected. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Metal/Polymer Based Stretchable Antenna for Constant Frequency Far‐Field Communication in Wearable Electronics

Body integrated wearable electronics can be used for advanced health monitoring, security, and wellness. Due to the complex, asymmetric surface of human body and atypical motion such as stretching in elbow, finger joints, wrist, knee, ankle, etc. electronics integrated to body need to be physically flexible, conforming, and stretchable. In that context, state‐of‐the‐art electronics are unusable due to their bulky, rigid, and brittle framework. Therefore, it is critical to develop stretchable electronics which can physically stretch to absorb the strain associated with body movements. While research in stretchable electronics has started to gain momentum, a stretchable antenna which can perform far‐field communications and can operate at constant frequency, such that physical shape modulation will not compromise its functionality, is yet to be realized. Here, a stretchable antenna is shown, using a low‐cost metal (copper) on flexible polymeric platform, which functions at constant frequency of 2.45 GHz, for far‐field applications. While mounted on a stretchable fabric worn by a human subject, the fabricated antenna communicated at a distance of 80 m with 1.25 mW transmitted power. This work shows an integration strategy from compact antenna design to its practical experimentation for enhanced data communication capability in future generation wearable electronics.