数值模拟飞秒激光加热金属的热电子发射

研究了超短超强激光脉冲与薄膜靶相互作用中产生的电子热发射.当超短激光脉冲与薄膜靶相互作用时,首先入射超短脉冲激光对吸收深度内的自由电子进行热激发,接下来热激发电子将能量传递到附近的晶格,再通过电子和晶格二体系的热传导,以及电子晶格间的热耦合,将能量传递到材料的内部.因此,电子在皮秒级甚至更短的时间内不能与晶格进行能量耦合,使电子温度超出晶格温度很多,电子热发射就变得非常明显了.用双温方程联合Richardson-Dushman方程的方法对飞秒脉冲激光照射金属靶的电子热发射进行了研究,结果发现电子热发射对飞     

Herz型空间上的分数次Hardy算子的交换子(英文)

本文主要对分数次Hardy算子和Lipschitz函数产生的交换子进行研究,得到了它在一类Herz型和Morrey-Herz型空间上的有界性.进一步还讨论了高阶交换子在这类空间上的有界性.     

DFT Study of Oxygenated Organic Pollutants Catalyzed by Molybdenum Oxides: Comparison of Reaction Mechanisms of MoO_x + HCHO(x = 1, 2, 3)

The reaction mechanisms between formaldehyde and MoO_x(x = 1, 2, 3) have been studied thoroughly in this paper. Five reaction pathways were found in three reactions(reactions Ⅰ to Ⅲ) through studying the mechanisms of MoO_x(x = 1, 2, 3) catalyzing formaldehyde. Different products were obtained from three reactions. Of all three reactions, the barrier energy of Route ⅡA is the lowest(4.70 kcal/mol), which means in MoO_x(x = 1, 2, 3), MoO_2 has the best catalytic effect. Compared with other similar non-toxic treatments of formaldehyde, our barrier energy is the lowest. In this research, there was no good leaving group of the compound, so the mechanisms are addition reaction. We speculate that there must be an addition reaction to the more complex reactions to molybdenum oxides and aldehydes. As a chemical reagent for removing formaldehyde, it only absorbs formaldehyde and does not emit other toxic substances outward. Molybdenum oxides retain its original structures of the final products, which means it has excellent stability in the reaction of MoO_x(x = 1, 2, 3) + HCHO. The mechanisms of all three reactions are addition reactions, but they are entirely different. As the number of oxygen atoms increases, the reaction mechanisms become simpler.     

AMS measurement of In-situ produced cosmogenic 10Be in Loess Quartz in Luochuan

Loess is the most important and the most typical continental classic sediments of Quaternary. So the measurement of In-situ produced cosmogenic ¹⁰Be is expected to be used for the Loess stratigraphic age. But the production rate of In-situ produced cosmogenic ¹⁰Be in Loess quartz is very low. It requires very high sensitivity and accuracy of measurement. This work has measured the concentrations of ¹⁰Be of two layers in Loess section of Luochuan including L8, L9 and the concentrations of ¹⁰Be in (of) blank sample with the HI-13 AMS system at China Insitute of Atomic Energy(CIAE), then calculated the content of ¹⁰Be in loess quartz for each layer. The ratio of ¹⁰Be/⁹Be was found in the range of 10^－13. The background of ¹⁰Be/⁹Be was about 3×10^－14.     

Ti-45at.% Al合金定向凝固过程中显微组织演化的计算机模拟

采用基于溶质扩散控制模型CA方法对Ti-45at.% Al合金定向凝固过程中显微组织演化过程进行了数值模拟.模拟结果表明,在温度梯度较高时,初生晶核间距无论大小,均可通过分枝或竞争生长而使一次胞晶/枝晶间距得到调整.在抽拉速度一定情况下,随着温度梯度增加,胞晶/枝晶间距减小,在温度梯度一定情况下,随着抽拉速度增大,观察到胞晶/枝晶混合结构,混合结构区随温度梯增大而增大,模拟结果与实验观察相符合. 关键词： Ti-45at.% Al合金 定向凝固 组织演化 数值模拟     

藏药柳茶叶乙醇水提取物中化学成分的鉴定

采用多种色谱分离技术对藏药柳茶叶80%乙醇提取物进行分离纯化,得到了9个化合物。根据其理化性质与NMR谱数据对化合物进行了结构鉴定,分别为金丝桃苷(hyperoside,Ⅰ)、槲皮素(quercetin,Ⅱ)、芸香苷(rutin,Ⅲ)、槲皮素3-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(quercetin-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside,Ⅳ)、儿茶素(catechin,Ⅴ)、香草酸(vanillic acid,Ⅵ)、熊果苷(arbutin,Ⅶ)、异阿魏酸(isoferulic acid,Ⅷ)和胡萝卜苷(daucosterol,Ⅸ)。化合物中除Ⅳ、Ⅷ和Ⅸ外,其余6个化合物为首次从该属植物中分离鉴别。     

金属材料辐照缺陷演化的分子动力学研究进展

辐照条件下，高能粒子在金属材料内部引入稠密的辐照缺陷，导致材料力学性能严重退化，缩短材料服役寿命，是辐照材料研究的关键问题。辐照缺陷多处在纳米尺度，故分子动力学方法是模拟辐照缺陷的有力工具，近年来被广泛用于研究辐照缺陷演化。本文总结了金属材料中辐照缺陷演化的分子动力学研究进展，介绍了级联碰撞、点缺陷、空洞、氦泡、Frank位错环、层错四面体等辐照缺陷，及其与位错、晶界等微结构的相互作用。分子动力学方法揭示的机制与模型，深化了学界对辐照效应的认识，有助于提高辐照材料力学性能和设计耐辐照材料。     

基于DenseNet的散射成像景深拓展研究

针对拼接干涉测量技术除了引入拼接误差，还将引入机械运动误差的问题，为此提出一种X射线反射镜的非零位干涉测量方法，无需拼接便可实现零回程误差的高精度干涉测量。利用一块高精度平面镜来标定干涉系统在全视场范围内的回程误差。通过将待测非球面镜划分成多个子孔径，每个子孔径可近似看作一个平面，这样可以从标定数据库中找到该子孔径所对应的回程误差，通过简单的矩阵拼接可得到整个待测非球面镜的回程误差。以X射线椭圆柱面反射镜为例进行实验，实现X射线椭圆柱面反射镜非零位干涉测量面形的回程误差有效标定，相比于拼接干涉测量方法二者结果一致性较好，证实所提方法的正确性。