Dielectric Properties of Fine-Grained BaTiO3 Ceramics under High Pressure

We investigate the temperature dependence of the dielectric constant of BaTiO3 ceramic with coarse to nanograin size under different hydrostatic high pressures up to 5000 bar in the range between room temperature and 200℃. The ferroelectric-to-paraelectric phase transition temperatures Tc are determined from the peak of dielectric constant versus temperature. The values of average grain-size are estimated from the SEM images. It is found that the magnitude of dTc/dp varies considerably from sample to sample depending on grain size. The Curie point Tc of the sample with small grain size decreases more sharply than that of samples with larger one.     

BaTiO_3纳米陶瓷的高压Raman光谱研究

本文研究了平均粒度为20nm的BaTiO3纳米陶瓷在高压下的Raman光谱变化,分析了特征峰随压力变化情况,确定了36.7Gpa范围内的三个相变,分别发生在3.3Gpa,10.93GPa,19.8GPa。     

高压下纳米尺寸Sr2FeMoO6粉末的结构稳定性和电学特性的研究

 采用高分子网络凝胶法，通过控制其化学反应过程，合成了高纯的多晶纳米级粉末Sr₂FeMoO₆样品A（50 nm）和样品B（100 nm）。对其在高压下的结构稳定性和电学性质进行了研究，并将样品A和样品B的实验结果与已报道的粒度达微米级的块状Sr₂FeMoO₆样品C的实验结果进行了对比。在实验测量范围内，样品A（50 nm）呈现出最大的体弹模量B₀，并在电阻-压力曲线中，电阻下降区域表现出相对较缓的变化率，晶界效应可以用来很好地解释此结果。电学性质测量实验表明，样品在高压下发生了电子结构相变。     

Compressibility of Lattice Parameters of Several Layered Compounds

The lattice parameters of AlB2, MgB2 and TiB2 under pressures are determined with a high-energy synchrotron source in a diamond anvil cell. The experimental results indicate that these three compounds have different mechanical behaviour under pressures, TiB2 is the hardest and MgB2 is the softest among the three materials. The phenomena are explained in terms of bonding strength in the crystal. Our results may be helpful for understating the decrease of the superconducting transition temperature of MgB2 under pressures.     

MgB2超导体块材的高压合成

利用高压烧结的方法成功地合成出块MgB2超导体。所获得的样品具有良好的单相性,低温磁场测量实验和电阻测量实验均表明样品具有高于39K的超导转变温度。实验结果表明,高压合成是制备和研究MgB2新型金属间化合物超导体的一种非常有效的手段。     

超高压处理对Bi0.8Pb0.2SrCaCu2Oy超导材料的影响

本文研究了超高压影响 Bi 系超导材料超导电性的方式和特点.我们认为,Bi 系材料的2212和2223相在高压切应力作用下发生了结构畸变,从而导致其电磁特性的剧烈变化.对切应力的稳定性随品格参数 C 的增加而减弱.高压处理后的超导样品,品粒有取向排列的趋势.     

体积压缩对二硼化物电子结构的影响

 应用准确的第一原理方法,对20种二硼化物进行了体积压缩后的电子结构比较研究,总结了二硼化物电子结构随体积的变化规律,为进一步的压力实验研究提供理论参考。     

Structural stability at high pressure,electronic, and magnetic properties of BaFZnAs:A new candidate of host material of diluted magnetic semiconductors

The layered semiconductor BaFZnAs with the tetragonal ZrCuSiAs-type structure has been successfully synthesized.Both the in-situ high-pressure synchrotron x-ray diffraction and the high-pressure Raman scattering measurements demonstrate that the structure of BaFZnAs is stable under pressure up to 17.5 GPa at room temperature. The resistivity and the magnetic susceptibility data show that BaFZnAs is a non-magnetic semiconductor. BaFZnAs is recommended as a candidate of the host material of diluted magnetic semiconductor.     

Hydrostaticity of Pressure Media in Diamond Anvil Cells

Hydrostaticity under high pressure of several materials from solid, fluid to gas, which are widely used as pressure media in modern high-pressure experiments, is investigated in diamond anvil ceils. Judging from the R-line widths and R1 - R2 peak separation of Ruby fluorescence, the inert argon gas is hydrostatic up to about 30 GPa. The behavior of silicon oil is found to be similar to argon at pressures less than 10 GPa, while the widening of R-lines and increase of R1 - R2 peak separation at higher pressure loads indicate a significant degradation of hydrostaticity. Therefore silicon oil is considered as a good pressure medium at pressures less than 10 GPa but poor at higher pressures.     

水合物研制、结构与性能及其在能源环境中的应用

天然气水合物是与能源和环境相关的物质,可以进行甲烷等能源气体的存储和提取,也可以用于对二氧化碳等废气的封存.天然气水合物主要分为三种结构:sI, sII和sH,在本文中对其稳定性、水笼类型和大小以及可俘获气体进行了论述.中子衍射技术是研究水合物的重要手段之一,有着独特的优势.如中子的穿透性可以研究在高压状态下压力腔体内的大块样品;中子对于轻元素的敏感性可以很好地确定水合物当中的碳、氢、氧元素.通过中子衍射和非弹散射可以得到水合物中H/D原子的位置、各向异性振动因子、不同温度压力下的客体分子的水笼占据率、客体分子在水笼中的无序分布、原子核密度分布(通过最大熵方法);通过时间分辨中子,可以检测水合物形成及分解过程的热力学和动力学过程.而利用非弹中子可以得到气体分子平移和旋转振动模式以及分子的量子态转变.通过二氧化碳气体注入对天然气水合物的开采可以实现能源气体甲烷的开采和废气二氧化碳的水合物封存,在减小地质灾害和开采成本上有着独特的优势.