具有室温巨隧道磁电阻效应与高自旋极化率的新材料

回顾了隧道磁电阻效应发展简史及其应用,报道了锌铁氧体/氧化铁二相纳米复合材料在室温具有巨磁隧道电阻效应的实验结果,该实验结果表明锌铁氧体是具有高自旋极化率的一类新材料,值得进一步开展相关的研究工作.     

Graphene 译名的一孔之见

乞借贵刊一角,以对石墨烯、富勒烯的译名提出异意,愿与物理学界、化学界、材料科学界学者们切磋之． Graphene名词因发明者A．Geim和K．Novoselov获2010年诺贝尔物理奖而享誉环球．从物理学观点来看,它仅仅是单层或少层石墨片,或者可表述为纯碳原子所构成的石墨单层结构的二维薄膜．它具有特殊的无能隙能带结构,     

FexSn100-x合金颗粒薄膜的反常霍耳效应

采用离子束溅射的方法制备了一系列不同原子比的FexSn100-x合金颗粒膜,系统地研究了该体系的反常霍耳效应.在该薄膜中发现了铁磁金属/非磁金属体系中最大的霍耳电阻率,讨论了不同原子配比、薄膜厚度对霍耳效应的影响.通过研究饱和霍耳电阻率ρxys同电阻率ρxx的关系,讨论了反常霍耳效应的机理.     

Effect of Cu doping on the magnetic and electrical properties of n=2 Ruddlesden-Popper manganates

A series of polycrystalline Cu-doped n=2 Ruddlesden-Popper manganates La1.2Sr1.8CuzMn（2-x）O7 （x=0, 0.04, 0.13） were synthesized by the solid state reaction method. The effect of Cu doping on the magnetic and transport properties has been studied. It is found that Cu substitution for Mn greatly affects the magnetic and electrical properties of the parent phase La1.2Sr1.8Mn2O7. With the increase of Cu content, the system undergoes a transition from longrange ferromagnetic order to the spin glass state and further to an antiferromagnetic order. A little of Cu dopant can lead to the samples showing semiconductor or insulator behaviour in the whole observed temperature range while the parent phase has a metal-insulator transition. These samples show colossal magnetoresistance at low temperatures and the value of it decreases with increasing Cu content.     

Controllable synthesis,characterization,and growth mechanism of hollow Zn_x Cd_(1-x) S spheres generated by a one-step thermal evaporation method

Novel hollow ZnxCdl xS spheres that are uniform in size are synthesized through the one-step thermal evaporation of a mixture of Zn and CdS powder. From an X-ray diffraction （XRD） study, the hexagonal wurtzite phase of ZnxCdl_xS is verified, and the Zn mole fraction （x） is determined to be 0.09. According to the experimental results, we propose a mechanism for the growth of Zn0.09Cd0.91S hollow spheres. The results of the cathodoluminescence investigation indicate uniform Zn, Cd, and S distribution of alloyed Zn0.09Cd0.91S, instead of separate CdS, ZnS, or nanocrystals of a core- shell structure. To the best of our knowledge, the fabrication of ZnxCd1-xS hollow spheres of this kind by one-step thermal evaporation has never been reported. This work would present a new method of growing and applying hollow spheres on Si substrates, and the discovery of the Zn0.09Cd0.91S hollow spheres would make the investigation of ZnxCd1-xS micro/nanostructures more interesting and intriguing.     

Substituting Al for Fe in Pr(Al_xFe_(1-x))_(1.9) alloys:Effects on magnetic and magnetostrictive properties

The magnetostrictive effects of substituting Al for Fe in Pr(AlxFe1-x)1.9(x = 0.0, 0.02, 0.05, 0.10) alloys between5 K and 300 K were investigated. The substitution decreases the Curie temperature and the value of λ111. Fortunately, the substitution slightly increases the magnetostriction in a low magnetic field, which imbues these materials with potential advantages for applications. Rotation of the easy magnetization direction(EMD) from [111] to [100] in the Pr(Al0.02Fe0.98)1.9alloy as temperature decreases was detected by step scanned XRD reflections.     

LARGE MAGNETIC ENTROPY CHANGE NEAR CHARGE-ORDERED TRANSITION TEMPERATURE IN PEROVSKITE-TYPE MANGANITE

The magnetocaloric effect in polycrystalline of Pr_1-xSr_xMnO₃ (x=0.33, 0.43, 0.50) has been investigated. A large magnetic entropy change (7.1J/kgK) was discovered in Pr_0.5Sr_0.5MnO₃ under a low magnetic field of 1T at charge-ordered state transition temperature (161K). The physical mechanism is related to a drastic magnetization change at a temperature where the field-induced magnetic, electron and structural phase transitions occur (from the antiferromagnetic charge-ordered state to the ferromagnetic charge-disordered state).     

La_(0.8-x)Ca_(0.2)MnO_3纳米颗粒的居里温度与磁热效应

采用溶胶 凝胶法制备了系列La0 .8-xCa0 .2 MnO3 多晶样品 ,用X射线衍射分析确定了样品的钙钛矿结构 ,用透射电子显微镜观察了样品的形貌及粒径分布情况 ,用PAR15 5型振动样品磁强计测量了样品的磁性随外场和温度的变化 ,确定样品的居里温度并计算了各样品的磁熵变 .磁测量及计算结果表明制备的各样品的居里温度在180— 2 6 0K的范围内且随焙烧温度和La3 离子空位浓度的不同而变化 ,不同温度焙烧的样品均有较大的磁熵变值 ,其中 110 0℃焙烧的La0 77Ca0 .2 MnO3,多晶样品在 2 40 5K ,H =1 0T的外场下的磁熵变达 3 76J/kg·K ,对实验结果做了定性的分析 .该材料具有较高的居里温度和较大的磁熵变 ,所需外场强度适中 ,电阻率高 ,性能稳定 ,适合做高温磁制冷材料 .     

超细Fe3O4的氧化过程

根据穆斯堡尔谱分析,Fe₃O₄转变为γ-Fe₂O₃是γ-Fe₂O₃成核生长过程。根据氧化过程磁矩的变化确定Fe₃O₄浓度随时间的变化,-(dc)/(dt)=mc³仅在氧化初始阶段适合。     

钙钛矿La0.75Ca0.25-xSrxMnO3的磁卡效应与复合材料

采用固相反应烧结法制成了钙钛矿La_0.75Ca_0.25-xSr_xMnO₃多晶样品.研究了样品的微观结构、样品的磁熵变和居里温度与成分的变化关系.并通过复合得到一种可适用于Ericsson循环的制冷材料. 关键词：