Creation of multi-frequency terahertz waves by optimized cascaded difference frequency generation

A new scheme which generates multi-frequency terahertz (THz) waves from planar waveguide by the optimized cascaded difference frequency generation (OCDFG) is proposed. A THz wave with frequency ω_T1 is generated by the OCDFG with two infrared pump waves, and simultaneously a series of cascaded optical waves with a frequency interval ω_T1 is generated. The THz wave with a frequency of M-times ω_T1 is generated by mixing the m-th-order and the (m+M)-th-order cascaded optical wave. The phase mismatch distributions of cascaded difference frequency generation (CDFG) are modulated by changing the thickness of planar waveguide step by step, thereby satisfying the phase-matching condition from first-order to high-order cascaded Stokes process step by step. As a result, the intensity of THz wave can be enhanced and modulated by controlling the cascading order of OCDFG.     

Anisotropic superconducting properties of FeSe0.5Te0.5 single crystals

We investigated the anisotropic electrical transport and magnetic properties of FeSe$_{0.5}$Te$_{0.5}$ single crystals grown by the self-flux method. The in-plane resistivity shows a metallic-like temperature dependence, while the out-of-plane resistivity shows a broad hump with a maximum at around 64 K. The magnetization loops for $H/\!/c$-axis and $H/\!/ab$-plane are also different, for example, there is a typical second peak for $H/\!/c$-axis. The in-plane critical current density is larger than the out-of-plane one. The coherence length and penetration depth were estimated by the Ginzburg-Landau theory. The anisotropic parameter $\gamma $ depends on the applied magnetic field and the temperature. The coupling of superconducting FeSe(Te) layers and the flux pinning mechanism relevant to anisotropy are also discussed.     

ICP-MS研究黄河三湖河口表层沉积物对Cd~(2+)和Cu~(2+)的吸附-解吸特性

为了研究黄河上游表层沉积物与Cd~(2+)和Cu~(2+)的相互作用机理,以黄河三湖河口表层沉积物(简称样品)为研究对象,采用电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICP-MS)技术,优化样品对Cd~(2+)和Cu~(2+)的吸附固液比、时间、pH等条件。并在此条件下研究了Cd~(2+)和Cu~(2+)在样品上的吸附特性和解吸特性。结果表明:两种金属的优化吸附条件不同,在各自优化吸附条件下,样品对Cu~(2+)和Cd~(2+)的平衡吸附量分别为0.88和0.13 mg·g~(-1);对两种金属的吸附动力学符合伪二级吸附动力学模型,且样品对Cu~(2+)的吸附速率大于对Cd~(2+)的吸附速率;吸附热力学拟合结果显示吸附过程符合Freundlich模型,对两种金属的吸附均属于优惠型吸附,且吸附过程属于吸热过程,可自发进行;解吸动力学研究表明,两个金属的解吸过程均符合Elovich方程,属于非均相扩散;在多离子竞争吸附-解吸实验中发现,样品对Cu~(2+)的吸附-解吸受到共存离子的影响更大。研究结果揭示了黄河三湖河口表层沉积物对Cd~(2+)和Cu~(2+)吸附和解吸的作用机理以及共存离子对吸附解吸特性的影响。对于分析重金属在水体与沉积物之间的作用机理、固液两相分布规律以及重金属迁移能力提供了理论依据,同时也为制定研究区域针对性的重金属防控措施具有一定指导意义。     

Soft X-Ray Magneto-optical Faraday Effect around Ni M2,3 Edges

We present magneto-optical （MO） Faraday spectra measured around the M2,3 edges （60-70eV） of Ni films at the Beijing Synchrotron Radiation Facility （BSI~F）. A polarization analysis of the final state of the transmitted radiation from the Ni film is employed to determine the Faraday rotation at the edges. The MO effect becomes resonantly enhanced at the M2,3 edges, and accordingly large values for the rotation angle β of 1.85 ± 0.19° for this ferromagnetic Ni film with thickness of 31 nm are measured. Without the magnetic field, the azimuthal angles do not shift; with parallel and antiparallel magnetic field the rotation angles shift in the opposite way and they are symmetrical. The uncertainty of Faraday rotation angles mainly comes from the data fitting and the state change of the beamline when the angles are measured.     

大学基础物理学规划第三次通讯

大学基础物理学规划(IUPP)旨在改革以微积分为基础的物理课程。IUPP仅仅是一个开始；我们意识到改变微积分水平的基础物理课程，将需要对全部物理学课程进行重新评价——从中学物理到大学物理专业。这个课题是由美国物理学会APS、美国物理教师协会AAPT共同发起的。IUPP得到美国国家科学基金会的大学科学，工程和数学各部门的赞助。     

基于LabVIEW和FPGA的慢光效应实验系统

利用CPO技术设计了在掺铒光纤中实现光速的连续可调的实验.实验系统中利用LabVIEW和FPGA设计的信号发生器对激光信号进行内调制,信号经过掺铒光纤由数据采集卡传递到上位机,利用LabVIEW进行分析和处理.该系统可以简化数据分析过程,实现人机交互,便于实时监测分析.     

梯度度量空间中的Banach压缩映像原理

利用梯度数引入梯度度量空间的概念,证明了一个梯度赋范线性空间可以诱导一个梯度度量空间.在完备的梯度度量空间框架下,给出了相应的Banach压缩映像原理,并且用实例说明了其合理性.     

荧光光度法测定山竹黄酮混合物中γ-山竹黄酮

研究了α-和γ-山竹黄酮的光谱性质,建立了测定山竹黄酮混合物中γ-山竹黄酮的荧光光度法。配制一系列浓度的α-山竹黄酮、γ-山竹黄酮及其混合物溶液,分别测定其紫外吸收光谱及荧光光谱。结果表明:α-和γ-山竹黄酮的紫外光谱较为相近,其最大吸收波长分别为317 nm和308 nm。而其荧光光谱有明显的差别,α-山竹黄酮无荧光性质,γ-山竹黄酮在436 nm处有较强荧光。γ-山竹黄酮的荧光强度与其浓度在1.0×10-6~6.0×10-5mol/L范围内呈良好的线性关系,相关系数为0.9975,方法的检出限为4.7×10-7mol/L。将荧光法的测定结果与高效液相色谱法(HPLC)进行了比较,二者有良好的一致性。     

“魔术风轮”的原理——互相垂直振动的合成

一根长约30厘米的硬质木棒,沿棒长刻有一排凹槽,在棒的一端装有一细细的短轴,轴上松弛地套装着一平面叶片(小螺旋桨或轮子).现用另一根木条沿着棒的凹槽来回周期性的划动,叶片就会迅速转动起来(图     

轨道交通用高温超导直线感应电机电磁分析

设计研究了一种用于轨道交通的新型高温超导直线感应电机模型。并结合轨道交通用直线感应电机的实际运行状况,利用ANSYS软件对超导直线感应电机模型进行电磁分析。获得电机内部的磁场分布规律;并研究了电磁气隙、次级材料及次级感应板厚度对电机电磁推力的影响。最后在相同运行条件下,将传统铜绕组电机与高温超导电机做了比较,超导直线感应电机在电磁推力上有优势。