C-ADS注入器Ⅱ项目RFQ射频系统介绍（英）

C-ADS注入器Ⅱ的RFQ射频系统是该强流加速器的关键一环,它通过两台完全一样的耦合器为一台四边形四翼型RFQ提供和传送功率。该射频系统在设计之初就考虑为10 mA连续束流而进行特殊优化,从功率源、耦合器和功率传输系统几个方面对其进行详细介绍,尤其是针对CW模式下的系统稳定运行以及设备可靠性等方面进行的特殊考虑和模拟方法。该系统已经在2015年通过了10 mA连续束的测试,证实了该射频系统的设计和调试符合物理的实验需求。特别阐述了该系统中一种新的碗型陶瓷窗耦合器的设计思路和一种无环形器情况下的特殊的耦合系数调谐方法,同时推导了双端口耦合的计算方法的具体设置过程。     

元素分析仪-稳定同位素比值质谱仪测定胶乳总固形物碳含量及其稳定碳同位素

应用元素分析仪和稳定同位素比值质谱仪(EA-IRMS)联用技术测定了胶乳总固形物碳含量及其碳同位素比值δ~(13)C。将所采集的新鲜胶乳预先制成胶片,称取(0.500±0.100)mg样品,按EA仪器工作条件对其碳含量进行测定。分别用碳元素基准物质(尿素、天门冬氨酸、葡萄糖、蔗糖),在EA工作条件下测其碳元素,以碳质量为横坐标,CO_2峰面积为纵坐标制得标准曲线,结果表明其线性关系良好。对EA-IRMS系统作了稳定性和线性试验,前者达到小于0.1‰的要求,后者则满足同类仪器小于0.06‰·V~(-1)的要求。此外,还对Craig校正所得样品及3种CRMs的初始校正值作进一步校准的3种校准方法作了比较,结果表明:3种方法中回归法准确度最好,适用于不同性质、不同碳同位素组成的样品;而截距法只能用于碳同位素组成与参考气相近的样品的测量数据的校准;原始回归法则不能有效地消除测定过程中~(17)O的影响和样品燃烧过程中可能存在的同位素分馏的影响而不能用于结果校准。测得胶乳样品的总固形物碳质量分数为81.83%,δ~(13)C_(s-PDB)~M(PDB为国际标准拟箭石化石)为-26.70‰(回归法校准值)。     

Effects of proton irradiation at different incident angles on InAlAs/InGaAs InP-based HEMTs

InP-based high electron mobility transistors(HEMTs) will be affected by protons from different directions in space radiation applications. The proton irradiation effects on InAlAs/InGaAs hetero-junction structures of InP-based HEMTs are studied at incident angles ranging from 0 to 89.9° by SRIM software. With the increase of proton incident angle, the change trend of induced vacancy defects in the InAlAs/InGaAs hetero-junction region is consistent with the vacancy energy loss trend of incident protons. Namely, they both have shown an initial increase, followed by a decrease after incident angle has reached 30°. Besides, the average range and ultimate stopping positions of incident protons shift gradually from buffer layer to hetero-junction region, and then go up to gate metal. Finally, the electrical characteristics of InP-based HEMTs are investigated after proton irradiation at different incident angles by Sentaurus-TCAD. The induced vacancy defects are considered self-consistently through solving Poisson's and current continuity equations. Consequently, the extrinsic transconductance, pinch-off voltage and channel current demonstrate the most serious degradation at the incident angle of 30?, which can be accounted for the most severe carrier sheet density reduction under this condition.     

混凝土楔入劈拉和三点弯曲断裂过程的细观数值模拟Mesoscale simulation on fracture process of wedge splitting and three-point bending of concrete

基于离散元思想和Voronoi单元划分技术,利用混凝土细观刚体弹簧元模型,开展了混凝土楔入劈拉试件和三点弯曲切口梁的断裂过程数值仿真分析。从裂缝开展过程、试件破坏形态、荷载-张口位移曲线(P-CMOD)和断裂能等方面,将数值分析结果与已有的试验结果进行了对比。结果表明,细观刚体弹簧元法较准确地模拟了混凝土楔入劈拉试件和三点弯曲切口梁断裂过程。最后,分析了缝高比和骨料体积含量对混凝土断裂过程的影响规律,发现断裂能随骨料体积含量呈单调递增趋势。     

Adaptive window iteration algorithm for enhancing 3D shape recovery from image focus

Depth from focus(DFF) is a technique for estimating the depth and three-dimensional(3D) shape of an object from a multi-focus image sequence. At present, focus evaluation algorithms based on DFF technology will always cause inaccuracies in deep map recovery from image focus. There are two main reasons behind this issue. The first is that the window size of the focus evaluation operator has been fixed. Therefore, for some pixels, enough neighbor information cannot be covered in a fixed window and is easily disturbed by noise, which results in distortion of the model. For other pixels, the fixed window is too large, which increases the computational burden. The second is the level of difficulty to get the full focus pixels, even though the focus evaluation calculation in the actual calculation process has been completed. In order to overcome these problems, an adaptive window iteration algorithm is proposed to enhance image focus for accurate depth estimation. This algorithm will automatically adjust the window size based on gray differences in a window that aims to solve the fixed window problem.Besides that, it will also iterate evaluation values to enhance the focus evaluation of each pixel. Comparative analysis of the evaluation indicators and model quality has shown the effectiveness of the proposed adaptive window iteration algorithm.     

酒精杂质对水的表面张力系数的影响

利用毛细管测量液体的表面张力系数α是一个重要的物理实验,它是根据毛细现象,利用公式α=ρghR/2来测量的,式中的ρ为被测液体的密度,g为重力加速度,h为液体在毛细管中上升的高度,R为毛细管的半径.此实验经常用水和酒精两种液体来做.在做这个实验的过程中发现水中混入少量的酒精杂质会对水的表面张力系数的测量结果产生很大的影响.为此,笔者专门对酒精杂质的影响进行了研究,介绍于下.     

在非平衡稳定态的Belousov-Zhabotinsky体系中检测苏丹红Ⅰ

研究了以丙二酸和铈离子的初始浓度为控制参数的Belousov-Zhabotinsky (B-Z)化学振荡体系的动力学性质,在连续改变控制参数的过程中均出现了分岔现象, 在逼近临界点前的非平衡稳定态对苏丹红Ⅰ进行了分析测定.考察了苏丹红Ⅰ对B-Z体系的两个非平衡稳定态的扰动,结果表明,苏丹红Ⅰ可使体系的电位发生明显的改变.当苏丹红Ⅰ的浓度分别在6.17×10-10～3.16×10-6 mol/L和7.58×10-7～1.55×10-5 mol/L范围内时,苏丹红Ⅰ浓度的负对数(-lgC)与电位的变化值(ΔE)之间呈现良好的线性关系,相关系数分别为0.9975和0.9984;检出限(LOD)可达1.99×10-10 mol/L.以丙二酸初始浓度为控制参数的非平衡稳定态体系成功地测定了伪劣商品辣椒粉中的苏丹红Ⅰ,回收率在98.8%～102.8%之间.     

基于红外光谱的城市生活垃圾高值化利用深度分选

红外光谱分析具有快速、精确度高等优点,在分类鉴别领域中发挥着重要作用.红外光谱在生活垃圾分类领域的应用主要集中在塑料等可回收垃圾而忽略了对不可回收垃圾的深度分选.现行生活垃圾的四分法分类中,源头分类得到的其他垃圾中含有多种具有高值化利用潜力的组分,可分为纤维素类、烯类聚合物、木竹类等.这些垃圾的成分和结构不同,因此具有...     

混凝土楔入劈拉和三点弯曲断裂过程的细观数值模拟

基于离散元思想和Voronoi单元划分技术,利用混凝土细观刚体弹簧元模型,开展了混凝土楔入劈拉试件和三点弯曲切口梁的断裂过程数值仿真分析。从裂缝开展过程、试件破坏形态、荷载-张口位移曲线(P-CMOD)和断裂能等方面,将数值分析结果与已有的试验结果进行了对比。结果表明,细观刚体弹簧元法较准确地模拟了混凝土楔入劈拉试件和三点弯曲切口梁断裂过程。最后,分析了缝高比和骨料体积含量对混凝土断裂过程的影响规律,发现断裂能随骨料体积含量呈单调递增趋势。