化合物[H3DETA]3[H2DETA]2[Pr(SiW11O39)2]·2H2O的水热合成及晶体结构

通过水热合成制得了硅钨杂多酸镨化合物[H3DETA]3[H2DETA]2[Pr(S iW11O39)2].2H2O[DETA:二乙烯三胺].晶体结构解析表明:该化合物属于三斜晶系,P1-空间群,a=1.200 0(2)nm,b=2.026 1(4)nm,c=2.239 2(5)nm,α=111.60(3)°,β=92.92(3)°,γ=103.56(3)°;V=4.863 8(17)nm3,Z=2,ρ=4.152 g/cm3,μ=26.519 mm-1,F(000)=5 374.化合物中Pr3+键合两个[S iW11O39]8-构成一个[Pr(S iW11O39)2]13-多阴离子,Pr3+与两个[S iW11O39]8-阴离子的八个氧原子配位构成一个畸变的四方反棱柱.此外,多阴离子[Pr(S iW11O39)2]13-和有机分子还通过氢键形成一个大的空腔.     

测定人参花中多种有机氯农药残留量的方法研究

建立一种测定人参花中16种有机氯类农药残留量的方法,并对其进行方法学考察。方法样品经乙腈提取后,加入无水硫酸镁和氯化钠除水、分层,再通过N-丙基乙二胺(PSA)、十八烷基硅烷键合硅胶(C18)和无水硫酸镁净化,浓硫酸除水、脱色,采用气相色谱法测定,外标法定量。16种有机氯农药在质量浓度0.001～0.100μg·mL^-1范围内均呈现良好的线性关系,相关系数r≥0.99914,且分离度良好;检出限(LOD)为0.00026～0.00073μg·mL^-1,定量限(LOQ)为0.00080～0.0022μg·mL^-1;人参花样品在0.0050、0.010、0.050、0.100 mg·kg^-1添加水平下的回收率为77.20%～116.87%;相对标准偏差(RSD)在1.31%～11.88%,符合农药残留相关分析标准<15%的要求。本实验所建立的方法简便快速、灵敏度高,适用于人参花中16种有机氯农药残留量的同时测定。     

Elastic scattering of two H（^2Sg） and N（^4Su） atoms at low temperatures and accurate spectroscopic parameters of NH （X^3∑^-） radical

This paper reports that the interaction potential for the X3Z- state of NH radical is constructed at the CCSD（T）/ cc-PV6Z level of theory. Using this potential, this paper calculates the spectroscopic parameters （De, Re, ωe, ωeχe, αe and Be） and their values are of 3.578eV, 0.10368nm, 3286.833cm^-1, 78.433cm^-1, 0.6469cm^-1 and 16.6735cm^-1 respectively, which are in excellent agreement with the experiments. Then the total of 14 vibrational states has been found when J=0 by solving the radial Schrodinger equation of nuclear motion. For each vibrational state, the vibrational manifolds are reported for the first time. And last, the total cross sections, s-wave, p-wave and d-wave cross sections are computed for the elastic collisions between two ground-state atoms （hydrogen and nitrogen） at low temperatures. It finds that the total elastic cross sections are dominated by s-wave scattering when the collision energy is below 10^-6a.u. The pronounced shape resonance is found at energy of 6.1 × 10^-6a.u. Calculations have shown that the shape resonance comes from the p-wave contributions.     

Differential, elastic integral and moment transfer cross sections for electron scattering from N2 at intermediate- and high-energies

A complex optical model potential modified by incorporating the concept of bonded atom, with the overlapping effect of electron clouds between two atoms in a molecule taken into consideration, is firstly employed to calculate the differential cross sections, elastic integral cross sections, and moment transfer cross sections for electron scattering from molecular nitrogen over the energy range 300—1000eV by using additivity rule model at Hartree—Fock level. The bonded-atom concept is used in the study of the complex optical model potential composed of static, exchange, correlation polarization and absorption contributions. The calculated quantitative molecular differential cross sections, elastic integral cross sections, and moment transfer cross sections are compared with the experimental and theoretical ones wherever available, and they are found to be in good agreement with each other. It is shown that the additivity rule model together with the complex optical model potential modified by incorporating the concept of bonded atom is completely suitable for the calculations of differential cross section, elastic integral cross section and moment transfer cross section over the intermediate- and high-energy ranges.     

BF自由基X1∑+和a3∏态光谱常数和分子常数研究

采用内收缩多参考组态相互作用方法和相关一致基aug-cc-pV6Z, 对BF自由基X¹∑⁺和a³∏ 态的势能曲线进行了研究. 计算是在0.095---1.33 nm的核间距内进行的. 为获得更准确的结果, 计算中还考虑了Davidson修正、相对论修正及核价相关修正对势能曲线的影响. 相对论修正采用的方法是二阶DouglasKroll哈密顿近似, 修正计算是在cc-pV5Z基组水平上进行的. 核价相关修正使用的是cc-pCV5Z基组. 利用得到的势能曲线, 拟合出了各种修正下BF自由基X¹∑⁺和a³∏ 态的光谱常数D_e, R_e, ω_e, ω_ex_e, ω_ey_e, B_e和α_e、并与实验结果进行了比较. 结果表明: 考虑Davidson修正、相对论修正和核价相关修正后得到的光谱常数最接近实验结果. 利用修正后的势能曲线, 通过求解径向振转Schrödinger方程, 找到了转动量子数J = 0时这两个电子态的全部振动态, 并计算了每一电子态前20个振动态的振动能级、惯性转动常数和离心畸变常数, 其值与已有的实验结果较为一致. 本文得到的光谱常数和分子常数达到了很高的精度, 能为进一步的光谱实验提供可靠的参考.     

30-5000eV的电子被若干分子散射的总截面计算的一种修正势方法

利用可加性规则，使用Hartree-Fock波函数，采用由束缚原子概念修正过的复光学势，在30~5000eV这一较大的能域内对电子被N2、NO、NO2、CH4、CF4、CF3H、C2H2及C2H4散射的总截面进行了计算。束缚原子不同于自由原子之处，是束缚原子概念考虑了不同分子中的不同的电子云重叠情况，并根据电子云的重叠情况对复光学势进行修正。文中，将定量的计算结果与实验结果及其它理论计算结果进行了比较，结果显示出在30~5000eV内，计算结果与实验结果及其它理论计算结果间有较好的一致性。同时结果也表明，在较低的能量下，尤其是当入射电子的能量低于500eV时，利用被束缚原子概念修正过的复光学势进行计算得到的结果，要比利用未被束缚原子概念修正的复光学势计算得到的结果更接近于实验值。因此，在复光学势中考虑电子云的重叠效应可改善电子被分子散射的总截面的计算精度。     

高分子重金属絮凝剂在水处理中的研究与应用

概述了高分子重金属絮凝剂在废水处理中的应用进展,包括高分子重金属絮凝剂的种类及废水处理的作用机理,并对除浊效果进行了比较。     

First-principles calculation of elastic and thermodynamic properties of Ni2MnGa Heusler alloy

The equilibrium lattice parameter, heat capacity, thermal expansion coefficient and bulk modulus of Ni 2 MnGa Heusler alloy are successfully obtained using the first-principles plane-wave pseudopotential (PW-PP) method as well as the quasi-harmonic Debye model. We analyse the relationship between bulk modulus B and temperature T up to 800 K and obtain the relationship between bulk modulus B and pressure at different temperatures. It is found that the bulk modulus B increases monotonically with increasing pressure and decreases with increasing temperature. The pressure dependence of heat capacity C v and thermal expansion α at various temperatures are also analysed. Finally, the Debye temperature of Ni 2 MnGa is determined from the non-equilibrium Gibbs function. Our calculated results are in excellent agreement with the experimental data.     

海洋环境噪声反演估计海面风速

海洋环境噪声与海面风速高度相关。本文在研究国内近年来测量数据的基础上,给出环境噪声级与风速的关系。提出按风速分段(三段)线性拟合环境噪声与对数风速关系曲线的方法,提出并确定最佳反演频段。在麦岛海域,由实测数据确定了分段拟合参数,获得在 0.1~ 22.6 m/s的风速范围内,由海洋环境噪声估计海面风速的误差在 10%以下的优良结果。     

基于拉曼光谱技术的联苯苄唑药物有效成分的快速鉴定和生产溯源研究

有效成分的定性和定量分析是药物分析的核心。实际样品测定中,通常需要进行样品前处理,以消除复杂辅料成分的干扰,此过程耗时长,且难度较大。因此,发展快速定性筛查技术,提高药物分析的工作效率非常必要。本研究以联苯苄唑药品作为模型药物,将拉曼光谱技术和主成分分析(Principal components analysis, PCA)和支持向量机(Support vector machine, SVM)等机器学习算法联用,探讨了其用于药物有效成分快速定性分析的可行性。针对不同药品中辅料成分复杂、组成不一,并且其拉曼光谱谱图与低含量(1%)的联苯苄唑分子的谱图存在明显交叠的问题,以原料药的拉曼光谱为基准,利用PCA方法精准定位和提取成品药拉曼谱图中联苯苄唑分子的特征拉曼光谱信息,实现了准确定性分析。本研究无需获得每一种辅料的特征拉曼光谱谱图,根据拉曼谱图中1600和1650 cm^-1等处谱峰的细微差异,采用PCA方法结合SVM分类器策略,实现了药物生产溯源的准确区分和鉴定。本研究为药物分析研究提供了一种无损快速溯源的分析方法。