铈对Al-Mg-Si合金断裂特性的影响

用扫描电镜、透射电镜研究了铈对Al-Mg-Si合金断裂特性的影响。结果表明,在充分时效条件下,铈使该合金由沿晶脆性断裂变为穿晶与沿晶混合断裂,显著提高了合金的韧性。这是由于铈改变了合金晶内和晶界沉淀物的大小和分布,并在合金的晶内形成含铈的非共格弥散粒子的缘故。     

声速测量及声波的波动学规律研究

声速除了可利用共振干涉法和相位比较法测量外,还可以用干涉、衍射及“洛埃镜”反射等方法测量．声速实验的改进,不仅可扩展声速测量的方法,而且也可加深学生对波动学规律和本质的理解．     

Quantum Fluctuation of Mesoscopic Capacitance Coupled Circuit in a Thermal Vacuum State

The quantum fluctuations of mesoscopic capacitance-coupled circuit in thermal vacuum state are investigated by using the theory of thermal field dynamics on the basis of quantization of the mesoscopic circuit. It is shown that under a definite temperature, the fluctuations of electric charges and currents change with temperature. The higher the temperature, the more quantum noise the coupled circuit exhibits.     

Time-Resolved Femtosecond Degenerate Four-Wave Mixing in LiNbO3：Fe,Mg Crystal

Forward degenerate four-wave mixing （DFWM） processes are investigated with a femtosecond pulsed laser in lithium niobate crystal doubly-doped with magnesium and iron （LiNbO3：Fe, Mg）. The pulse energy dependence reveals a pure third-order nonlinear response, and the third-order nonlinear susceptibility x^（3） in the material is evaluated to be 4.96 × 10^-13 esu. The time-resolved DFWM process shows a response time of x^（3） shorter than 100fs, which is due to the nonresonant electronic nonlinearities. Our results indicate that LiNbO3 crystals have potentials for ultrafast real-time optical processing systems, which require a large and fast x^（3） optical nonlinearity.     

键合型聚丙烯酰胺衍生物手性固定相的制备与手性识别性能

高效液相色谱(HPLC)被广泛认为是分离制备光学纯单一对映体的最有效方法。在高效液相色谱手性拆分中,手性固定相(CSP)的性能直接影响到色谱柱的手性分离能力。在众多手性固定相中,键合型手性固定相具有溶剂耐受性好,分离模式灵活等优点,已经发展成为一类重要的手性固定相。本文通过两步化学反应合成了新型的光学活性丙烯酰胺衍生物--(S)-1-丙烯酰-2-(N-苯基甲酰胺基)吡咯烷((S)-APACP),采用核磁共振氢谱表征了(S)-APACP的化学结构;通过3步化学反应制备了键合型聚丙烯酰胺衍生物手性固定相,采用热重分析法表征了聚合物的键合量,采用HPLC评价了键合型手性固定相的识别能力,分析了影响其手性识别能力的因素。研究结果表明,APACP聚合物成功地键合到硅胶表面制备了具有良好溶剂耐受性的键合型手性固定相,其聚合物键合量为10.2%~11.8%,该键合型手性固定相对若干种对映体显示了较好的手性识别能力。     

美丽红豆杉二萜的研究 II: 一个新的紫杉烷二萜的结构

报导了从美丽红豆杉茎皮中分到的两个紫杉烷二萜化合物: 经高分辨核磁共振和COSY测定其结构为红豆杉素J(taxinine J)和2-去乙酰氧基-红豆杉素J(2-deacetoxytaxinine J), 后者系一新化合物, 药理结果表明: 二个化合物对肝癌细胞具有不同程度抑制作用.     

在代数多重网格法中的新插值公式

推导出代数多重网格法的一个新的插值公式。理论分析和数值计算表明这个公式很有效,且适用性强。推广了原代数多重网格法的应用范围,能够求解一些很病态的代数方程组。     

SBS单组分橡胶防水涂料

探讨了SBS单组分橡胶防水涂料的组成、制备方法及其对性能的影响因素,详细地介绍了该涂料在防水工程应用上的两大独特优势:(1)优异的抗基层形变能力。这一优势,使其具备了屋面防水专用材料和特效材料的条件,解决了以往防水材料一直不能解决的“零点开裂”问题。(2)创造出多种复合防水工法,既克服和解决了卷材与涂料的各自缺点,又发挥了各自的优点,使这种复合防水层成为最有效的防水层。     

MORPHOLOGICAL OBSERVATION OF SINGLE-CHAIN POLY (METHYL METHACRYLATE) PARTICLES*

Tapping mode atomic force microscope has been applied to observe single-chain PMMAparticles which were stored for six months at room temperature after sprayed from verydilute solutions in good solvents, good/poor mixed solvents, and a theta solvent. Monodis-perse PMMA standards of molecular weights ranging from 7.90×10~4 to 1.3×10~6 wereused to investigate the effect of molecular weight oh the size of the single-chain PMMAparticles. These single-chain particles showed close to spherical shapes. The morphologyof single-chain PMMA particles of a given molecular weight was found to be identical inspite of different solvents used for solution spraying. Molecular weigh dependence of theparticle dimension was also found. The diameters of single-chain PMMA particles aftercorrection of tlp-geometry effect were compared to the values estimated from molecularweight and density.     

光弹性等倾线的同时全场显示方法

本文提出同时实时记录对应于两个或两个以上主应力方向角的等倾线方法,改变了每次只能测绘一条等倾线的传统方法,不仅极大地缩短了等倾线检测时间,而且提高了检测精度。